Assuntos
Institutos de Câncer/tendências , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Radioterapia (Especialidade)/tendências , Conflitos Armados/estatística & dados numéricos , Institutos de Câncer/provisão & distribuição , Colômbia , Previsões , Geografia , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Humanos , Internato e Residência/economia , Internato e Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Aceleradores de Partículas/provisão & distribuição , Setor Privado , Setor Público , Melhoria de Qualidade , Radio-Oncologistas/educação , Radio-Oncologistas/provisão & distribuição , Radioterapia (Especialidade)/economia , Radioterapia (Especialidade)/educação , Serviços de Saúde Rural/provisão & distribuição , Meios de Transporte/normas , Cobertura Universal do Seguro de Saúde/classificação , Cobertura Universal do Seguro de Saúde/economia , Cobertura Universal do Seguro de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Presenta, por medio de una guía, la normativa que deberán seguir las empresas de transporte colectivo, tanto urbano como extraurbano, para restablecer el servicio de transporte público al momento de reactivarse de acuerdo a las fases de la desescalada publicadas.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Meios de Transporte/normas , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Grupos de Risco , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , GuatemalaRESUMO
A nota tem como objetivo orientar empresas de transporte de passageiros e de mercadorias, por plataformas digitais, os condutores de táxi, transportes alternativos, motoboys e mototaxistas do Estado da Bahia em relação às formas de prevenção à disseminação do coronavírus (SARS-CoV2)
Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Medidas de Segurança , Meios de Transporte/normas , Saúde Ocupacional , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Pandemias , Prevenção de DoençasRESUMO
Estas diretrizes se destinam aos serviços presenciais em transporte urbano coletivo e transporte rodoviário interestadual semiurbano. O material provém de resoluções já publicadas e orienta quanto às medidas para práticas de proteção adequadas ao enfrentamento da disseminação da Covid-19. Há orientações quanto à higienização, à manutenção do distanciamento e ao comportamento sanitário necessário. As recomendações se aplicam ao momento de pandemia e não anulam as normas sanitárias vigentes.
Assuntos
Humanos , Meios de Transporte/normas , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Vigilância em Saúde Pública/métodos , BrasilRESUMO
RATIONALE: Residents of neighbourhoods with high destination accessibility (higher population density, more-interconnected streets, and better access to services, public transport and parks) are more physically active. Evidence on the factors that underlie these associations is sparse and inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: We examined (1) five socio-demographic and four non-destination perceived neighbourhood attributes as moderators of the relationship between objectively-assessed destination accessibility and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA); (2) perceived indicators of destination accessibility as mediators of those relationships; and, (3) the generalizability of findings across 14 cities. METHODS: Data were from the International Physical Activity and Environment Network (IPEN) Adult study (Nâ¯=â¯6822), which provided comparable objective and perceived environmental variables and accelerometer-based MVPA from 14 cities across 10 countries. Mediation and mediation moderation analyses were performed. RESULTS: Objective net residential density, public transport density, and number of parks in the neighbourhood were consistently associated with MVPA across all examined socio-demographic groups and non-destination perceived neighbourhood characteristics. However, only the association between number of parks and MVPA was mediated by its conceptually-comparable perceived indicator. While the associations of objective intersection density and land use mix with MVPA were moderated by both gender and perceived pedestrian infrastructure/safety, only the latter moderating effects were mediated by the conceptually-comparable perceived indicators. Perceived neighbourhood safety and/or aesthetics moderated the associations of objective ratio of retail/civic land to total area and distance to nearest transport stop with MVPA. These associations were not mediated by the conceptually-comparable perceived indicators. CONCLUSION: Densely populated neighbourhoods with access to public transport and parks have the potential to significantly and equitably contribute to adults' MVPA on a global scale. Perceived neighbourhood aesthetics, pedestrian-friendliness and safety can magnify the positive effects of mixed-use neighbourhoods on residents' MVPA by interacting with the perceived ease of access to a variety of destinations.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico/psicologia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/normas , Características de Residência/classificação , Adulto , Idoso , Bélgica , Brasil , China , Colômbia , Estudos Transversais , República Tcheca , Dinamarca , Planejamento Ambiental , Estudos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nova Zelândia , Parques Recreativos/normas , Parques Recreativos/estatística & dados numéricos , Percepção , Meios de Transporte/normas , Meios de Transporte/estatística & dados numéricos , Reino Unido , Estados UnidosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The collective transportation system is essential to reduce the number of automobiles in the roads. Concerns exist related to quality, comfort and safety of bus driver's workstations. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to improve the driver's workstation in the private collective transportation sector by analyzing ergonomic practices using the Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA). The EWA was chosen because it seeks to evaluate the labor condition as it relates to the psychophysiological conditions of workers, it complies with regulatory standard 17 (NR17). METHODS: To identify driver concerns, interviews and questionnaires were administered. The workstation and worker routines were observed. RESULTS: The analysis revealed that the largest number of complaints related to noise, display light and location of the passenger identifier device. Drivers reported discomfort in the knees and lower back. CONCLUSION: Recommendations were made to improve the workstation and change the routine to minimize the discomfort and ergonomic risk factors.
Assuntos
Ergonomia/normas , Meios de Transporte/instrumentação , Condução de Veículo/normas , Brasil , Humanos , Setor Privado , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Meios de Transporte/normas , Avaliação da Capacidade de TrabalhoRESUMO
This article looks to propose a new way to understand the repair of failing large sociotechnical systems. Leaving aside romantic valuations, repair always involves a certain degree of normalization. Derived from conceptualizations by Foucault, repair as normalization is understood as a particular form of power that, first, recognizes a certain normal state to which the failing system should evolve and, second, develops different strategies to reach it, usually involving the deployment of particular disciplinary devices. The ultimate aim of such practices is usually not only the improvement of the system but centrally the maintenance of a certain kind of power. In order to show the empirical usability of such conceptualization, the article analyzes the case of Transantiago, a thoroughgoing reform of the public transport system of Santiago, Chile. The start of Transantiago in February 2007 was marred by multiple failures, becoming one of the biggest public controversies in the country in recent decades. Given this, several different strategies were developed to repair such failures, understanding them explicitly as normalization. The article analyzes two particular strategies: attempts to change the negative 'public perception' about Transantiago through the use of quantitative indicators and the introduction of an unexpected type of infrastructure to increase the overall speed of the system. Finally, the conclusion analyzes how the conception of repair as normalization can help us better understand the complexities involved in dealing with failing large sociotechnical systems such as Transantiago, pointing to the need to sometimes move beyond repair.