RESUMO
Pythiosis is a serious disease caused by the aquatic oomycete Pythium insidiosum that mainly affects mammals. Unlike fungal and bacterial resistance induced by the indiscriminate use of drugs, P. insidiosum has low susceptibility to antifungal drugs. In this sense, essential oils and their major components emerge as a promising treatment line for this disease. Given the above, this study sought to verify P. insidiosum (n = 34) susceptibility to the bioactive compounds eugenol, α-terpineol, menthol, and carvacrol and correlate them with the respective essential oils of Eugenia caryophyllata, Melaleuca alternifolia, Mentha piperita, and Origanum vulgare. The essential oils and bioactive compounds were purchased commercially and tested according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol M38-A2. Our findings showed that eugenol, α-terpineol, and carvacrol had superior anti-P. insidiosum action than their respective essential oils, suggesting that they may be responsible for inhibitory activity against P. insidiosum. Notably, the major compound with the best anti-P. insidiosum activity was α-terpineol; nonetheless, menthol showed less activity than its essential oil. The results imply that essential oils and their major compounds may be important allies in treating pythiosis, expanding the perspectives of developing new drugs with anti-P. insidiosum activity.
Assuntos
Óleos Voláteis , Plantas Medicinais , Pitiose , Pythium , Animais , Eugenol , Mentol/uso terapêutico , Pitiose/tratamento farmacológico , Pitiose/microbiologia , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , MamíferosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to analyze the 4-carvomenthenol (carvo) oral treatment on the experimental model of the combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS). BALB/c mice were OVA-sensitized on day zero and 7th (50 µg/mL OVA in 10 mg/mL Al (OH)3) and OVA-challenged (5 mg/mL, 20 µL/animal) for three weeks. In the last week, the animals were dally challenged with aerosol of OVA and the carvo treatment (12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg) occurred one hour before each OVA-challenge. Data were analyzed and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Carvo (12.5-50 mg/kg) decreased significantly the eosinophil migration into the nasal (NALF) and bronchoalveolar (BALF) cavities as well as on the nasal and lung tissues of sick animals. The treatment also decreased mucus production on both tissue sections stained with PAS (periodic acid-Schiff satin). In addition, the histological analyzes demonstrated that sick mice presented hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the lung smooth muscle layer followed by increasing of extracellular matrix and carvo (50 mg/kg) inhibited these asthmatic parameters. We analyzed the allergic rhinitis signals as nasal frictions and sneezing and observed that carvo decreased these two signals as well as serum OVA-specific IgE titer, type 2 cytokine synthesis, mainly IL-13, with increasing of IL-10 production. Decreasing of IL-13 production corroborated with decreasing of mucus production and these effects were dependent on p38MAPK/NF-κB(p65) signaling pathway inhibition. Therefore, these data demonstrated that a monoterpene of essential oils presents anti-allergic property on an experimental model of CARAS suggesting a new drug prototype to treat this allergic syndrome.
Assuntos
Antialérgicos/uso terapêutico , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Mentol/análogos & derivados , Rinite Alérgica/tratamento farmacológico , Alérgenos , Animais , Antialérgicos/farmacologia , Asma/sangue , Asma/imunologia , Asma/patologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/imunologia , Citocinas/sangue , Citocinas/imunologia , Feminino , Interleucina-13/antagonistas & inibidores , Interleucina-13/imunologia , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/imunologia , Pulmão/patologia , Mentol/farmacologia , Mentol/uso terapêutico , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Muco/imunologia , NF-kappa B/imunologia , Ovalbumina , Rinite Alérgica/sangue , Rinite Alérgica/imunologia , Rinite Alérgica/patologia , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Síndrome , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/imunologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the menthol package (lip hydration and ice popsicles) compared to a package of non-menthol measures (lip hydration and ice popsicles) as a way to relieve thirst in patients in the Anesthetic Recovery Room. METHOD: Randomized and parallel trial study, with 120 patients randomized patients in an experimental group - menthol measurements (n=59) and control group - measures without menthol (n = 61). RESULTS: There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in intensity, hydration, dryness and taste in the oral cavity between the three moments of assessment/intervention in the two groups. The difference was significant in the experimental group for thirst intensity at the second assessment/intervention point (p<0.05) after a single administration of the menthol package. CONCLUSION: There was a reduction in thirst intensity in both groups. Patients who received menthol packages showed a significant decrease in intensity after a single evaluation/intervention time. NCT: 02869139.
Assuntos
Mentol/farmacologia , Sede/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Antipruriginosos/farmacologia , Antipruriginosos/uso terapêutico , Cirurgia Bariátrica/efeitos adversos , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Mentol/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/cirurgia , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the menthol package (lip hydration and ice popsicles) compared to a package of non-menthol measures (lip hydration and ice popsicles) as a way to relieve thirst in patients in the Anesthetic Recovery Room. Method: Randomized and parallel trial study, with 120 patients randomized patients in an experimental group - menthol measurements (n=59) and control group - measures without menthol (n = 61). Results: There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in intensity, hydration, dryness and taste in the oral cavity between the three moments of assessment/intervention in the two groups. The difference was significant in the experimental group for thirst intensity at the second assessment/intervention point (p<0.05) after a single administration of the menthol package. Conclusion: There was a reduction in thirst intensity in both groups. Patients who received menthol packages showed a significant decrease in intensity after a single evaluation/intervention time. NCT: 02869139.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del paquete de medidas mentoladas (hidratación labial y picolé de hielo) comparado a un paquete de medidas no mentoladas (hidratación labial y picolé de hielo) como un método de alivio de la sed en pacientes en la Sala de Recuperación Post-Anestésica. Método: En un ensayo clínico aleatorizado, paralelo, 120 pacientes aleatorizados en un grupo experimental - medidas mentoladas (n=59) y un grupo control - medidas sin el mentol (n=61). Resultados: Hubo una disminución significativa (p<0,05) sobre la intensidad, hidratación, sequedad y gusto en la cavidad oral entre los tres momentos de evaluación/intervención en los dos grupos, indistintamente. La diferencia fue significativa en el grupo experimental para la intensidad de la sed en el segundo momento de la evaluación/intervención (p<0,05) después de una única administración del paquete de medidas mentoladas. Conclusión: Se encontró una reducción de la intensidad de la sed en los dos grupos. Los pacientes que recibieron las medidas mentoladas presentaron una disminución significativa de la intensidad después de un único momento de evaluación/intervención. NCT: 02869139.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade do pacote de medidas mentoladas (hidratação labial e picolé de gelo) comparado a um pacote de medidas não mentoladas (hidratação labial e picolé de gelo) como método de alívio da sede em pacientes na Sala de Recuperação Anestésica. Método: Ensaio clínico randomizado, paralelo, 120 pacientes aleatorizados em grupo experimental - medidas mentoladas (n=59) e grupo controle - medidas sem o mentol (n=61). Resultados: Houve diminuição significativa (p<0,05) sobre a intensidade, hidratação, secura e gosto na cavidade oral entre os três momentos de avaliação/intervenção nos dois grupos indistintamente. A diferença foi significativa no grupo experimental para intensidade da sede no segundo momento de avaliação/intervenção (p<0,05) após uma única administração do pacote de medidas mentoladas. Conclusão: Houve redução da intensidade da sede nos dois grupos. Os pacientes que receberam as medidas mentoladas apresentaram diminuição significativa da intensidade após um único momento de avaliação/intervenção. A NCT: 02869139.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Sede/efeitos dos fármacos , Mentol/farmacologia , Brasil , Modelos Lineares , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Cirurgia Bariátrica/efeitos adversos , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Mentol/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antipruriginosos/uso terapêutico , Antipruriginosos/farmacologia , Obesidade/cirurgiaRESUMO
AIMS: Overactive bladder (OAB) is one of the most common complications of both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In healthy conditions, menthol infused intravesically reduces the threshold for initiating micturition reflex, but no study evaluated its effects in diabetic conditions. Therefore, we have used mouse models of T1DM and T2DM to evaluate the effects of menthol on cystometric alterations and increased bladder contractility in vitro. METHODS: For T1DM induction, male C57BL6 mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) and evaluated after 4 weeks. For T2DM induction, mice were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce obesity. Urodynamic profiles were assessed by filling cystometry through the infusion of menthol (100 µM for 30 min) or vehicle (DMSO 0.1%). Contractile responses to carbachol, potassium chloride (KCl), and electrical-field stimulation (EFS) were measured in isolated bladders after 20 min incubation with menthol (100 µM) or vehicle. RESULTS: Filling cystometry showed that STZ-injected mice exhibited higher bladder capacity, threshold pressure, and non-voiding contractions (NVCs), which were significantly reduced by menthol infusion. The increased voiding frequency in STZ group were unaffected by menthol. In HFD-fed obese mice menthol significantly attenuated the increased threshold pressure and NVC frequency, but unaffected the changes of voiding frequency. In both STZ-injected and HFD-fed mice, incubation of isolated bladders with menthol normalized the enhanced contractile responses to carbachol, KCl, and EFS stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: Menthol may be a potential pharmacological option for the treatment of OAB as a consequence of T1DM and T2DM.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Mentol/uso terapêutico , Bexiga Urinária Hiperativa/tratamento farmacológico , Bexiga Urinária Hiperativa/etiologia , Transtornos Urinários/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Urinários/etiologia , Animais , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/fisiopatologia , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Estimulação Elétrica , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Obesos , Contração Muscular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cloreto de Potássio/farmacologia , Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Bexiga Urinária Hiperativa/fisiopatologia , Transtornos Urinários/fisiopatologia , UrodinâmicaRESUMO
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the influence of daily repeated menthol treatments on body mass and thermoregulatory effectors in Wistar rats, considering that menthol is a transient receptor potential melastatin 8 channel agonist that mimics cold sensation and activates thermoregulatory cold-defense mechanisms in mammals, promoting hyperthermia and increasing energy expenditure, and has been suggested as an anti-obesity drug. Male Wistar rats were topically treated with 5% menthol for 3 or 9 consecutive days while body mass, food intake, abdominal temperature, metabolism, cutaneous vasoconstriction, and thermal preference were measured. Menthol promoted hyperthermia on all days of treatment, due to an increase in metabolism and cutaneous vasoconstriction, without affecting food intake, resulting in less mass gain in menthol-hyperthermic animals. As the treatment progressed, the menthol-induced increases in metabolism and hyperthermia were attenuated but not abolished. Moreover, cutaneous vasoconstriction was potentiated, and an increase in the warmth-seeking behavior was induced. Taken together, the results suggest that, although changes occur in thermoeffector recruitment during the course of short-term treatment, menthol is a promising drug to prevent body mass gain. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Menthol produces a persistent increase in energy expenditure, with limited compensatory thermoregulatory adaptations and, most unexpectedly, without affecting food intake. Thus short-term treatment with menthol results in less mass gain in treated animals compared with controls. Our results suggest that menthol is a promising drug for the prevention of obesity.
Assuntos
Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mentol/uso terapêutico , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Canais de Cátion TRPM/agonistas , Termogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Temperatura Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Ingestão de Alimentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Mentol/farmacologia , Consumo de Oxigênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Studies with anesthetics in ornamental fish is still poor; so the aim of this study was to evaluate the induction and recovery times of platys (Xiphophorus maculatus) exposed to anesthetics clove oil and menthol. For the experiment, we used two groups of 40 juveniles fish, which were subjected to concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg L-1 of the clove oil and 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg L-1 of the menthol. In all concentrations evaluated of both anesthetics, animals reached deep anesthesia stage, without mortality observations after 96 h of the experiment. The concentrations 100 to 200 mg L-1 of clove oil and 100 to 250 mg L-1 of menthol provided a period of anesthetic induction and recovery considered within the ideal range. Thus, it is concluded that these anesthetic drugs, used in optimal concentrations, are effective for platys anesthesia.
Estudos com anestésicos em peixes ornamentais ainda são incipientes; dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os tempos de indução e recuperação de platys (Xiphophorus maculatus) expostos aos anestésicos óleo de cravo e mentol. Para a realização do experimento, foram utilizados dois grupos de 40 juvenis, os quais foram submetidos às concentrações de 50, 100, 150 e 200 mg L-1 de óleo de cravo e 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250 mg L-1 de mentol. Em todas as concentrações avaliadas de ambos os anestésicos os animais atingiram o estágio de anestesia profunda, sem observação de mortalidade após 96 h do experimento. As concentrações de 100 a 200 mg L-1 de óleo de cravo e 100 a 250 mg L-1 de mentol foram as que proporcionaram um período de indução e recuperação anestésica dentro da faixa considerada ideal. Dessa forma, conclui-se que os anestésicos, utilizados nas concentrações ideais, são eficazes para anestesia de platys.
Assuntos
Animais , Anestesia/métodos , Ciprinodontiformes , Eugenol/química , Mentol/uso terapêutico , Óleo de Cravo/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Studies with anesthetics in ornamental fish is still poor; so the aim of this study was to evaluate the induction and recovery times of platys (Xiphophorus maculatus) exposed to anesthetics clove oil and menthol. For the experiment, we used two groups of 40 juveniles fish, which were subjected to concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg L-1 of the clove oil and 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg L-1 of the menthol. In all concentrations evaluated of both anesthetics, animals reached deep anesthesia stage, without mortality observations after 96 h of the experiment. The concentrations 100 to 200 mg L-1 of clove oil and 100 to 250 mg L-1 of menthol provided a period of anesthetic induction and recovery considered within the ideal range. Thus, it is concluded that these anesthetic drugs, used in optimal concentrations, are effective for platys anesthesia.(AU)
Estudos com anestésicos em peixes ornamentais ainda são incipientes; dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os tempos de indução e recuperação de platys (Xiphophorus maculatus) expostos aos anestésicos óleo de cravo e mentol. Para a realização do experimento, foram utilizados dois grupos de 40 juvenis, os quais foram submetidos às concentrações de 50, 100, 150 e 200 mg L-1 de óleo de cravo e 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250 mg L-1 de mentol. Em todas as concentrações avaliadas de ambos os anestésicos os animais atingiram o estágio de anestesia profunda, sem observação de mortalidade após 96 h do experimento. As concentrações de 100 a 200 mg L-1 de óleo de cravo e 100 a 250 mg L-1 de mentol foram as que proporcionaram um período de indução e recuperação anestésica dentro da faixa considerada ideal. Dessa forma, conclui-se que os anestésicos, utilizados nas concentrações ideais, são eficazes para anestesia de platys.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Óleo de Cravo/uso terapêutico , Mentol/uso terapêutico , Eugenol/química , Ciprinodontiformes , Anestesia/métodosRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of subgingival ultrasonic instrumentation irrigated with essential oils (EOs) of residual periodontal pockets. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-four individuals with chronic periodontitis were invited to participate in this randomized, double-blind, parallel, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. All subjects received non-surgical periodontal therapy. After re-evaluation (baseline), residual pockets (pocket depth ≥5 mm) received test (ultrasonic instrumentation irrigated with EOs) or control therapy (ultrasonic instrumentation irrigated with negative control). Probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (R), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and plaque were assessed at baseline and after 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Differences between groups and changes over the course of time were analysed according to a generalized linear model. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in PPD and BOP, as well as a significant CAL gain in the two groups (p<0.001). Nevertheless, there were no differences between the groups at any time of the study. When only initially deep pockets (PPD ≥7 mm) were analysed, a significantly greater CAL gain (p=0.03) and PPD reduction (p=0.01) was observed in the test group. CONCLUSION: The adjunctive use of EOs may promote significant CAL gain and PPD reduction in deep residual pockets.