RESUMO
PURPOSE: Reflux esophagitis is a condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the esophagus, resulting from the backflow of stomach acid and other gastric contents into the esophagus. Columbianadin is a coumarin derivative that exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we tried to scrutinize the protective effect of Columbianadin against acute reflux esophagitis in rats. METHODS: RAW 264.7 cells were utilized to assess cell viability and measure the production of inflammatory parameters. The rats received anesthesia, and reflux esophagitis was induced via ligation of pylorus and fore stomach and corpus junction. Rats received the oral administration of Columbianadin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) and omeprazole (20 mg/kg). The gastric secretion volume, acidity, and pH were measured. Additionally, the levels of oxidative stress parameters, cytokines, and inflammatory markers were determined. At the end of the study, mRNA expression was assessed. RESULTS: Columbianadin remarkably suppressed the cell viability and production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and prostaglandin (PGE2). Columbianadin treatment remarkably suppressed the secretion of gastric volume, total acidity and enhanced the pH level in the stomach. Columbianadin remarkably altered the level of hydrogen peroxidase, free iron, calcium, and plasma scavenging activity, sulfhydryl group; oxidative stress parameters like malonaldehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase; inflammatory cytokines viz., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1ß, IL-10, IL-17, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; inflammatory parameters including PGE2, iNOS, COX-2, and nuclear kappa B factor (NF-κB). Columbianadin remarkably (P < 0.001) suppressed the mRNA expression TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1ß and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. CONCLUSIONS: Columbianadin demonstrated a protective effect against acute reflux esophagitis via NF-κB pathway.
Assuntos
Esofagite Péptica , NF-kappa B , Estresse Oxidativo , Animais , Esofagite Péptica/tratamento farmacológico , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Ratos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Doença Aguda , Células RAW 264.7 , Camundongos , Ratos Wistar , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
CIGB-552 is a synthetic peptide that interacts with COMMD1 and upregulates its protein levels. The objectives of this phase I study were safety, pharmacokinetic profile, evaluation of the lymphocytes CD4+ and CD8+ and preliminary activity in patients with advanced tumors. A 3 + 3 dose-escalation design with seven dose levels was implemented. Patients were included until a grade 3 related adverse event occurred and the maximum tolerated dose was reached. The patients received subcutaneous administration of CIGB-552 three times per week for 2 weeks. Single-dose plasma pharmacokinetics was characterized at two dose levels, and tumor responses were classified by RECIST 1.1. Twenty-four patients received CIGB-552. Dose-limiting toxicity was associated with a transient grade 3 pruritic maculopapular rash at a dose of 7.0 mg. The maximum tolerated dose was defined as 4.7 mg. Ten patients were assessable for immunological status. Seven patients had significant changes in the ratio CD4/CD8 in response to CIGB-552 treatment; three patients did not modify the immunological status. Stable disease was observed in five patients, including two metastatic soft sarcomas. We conclude that CIGB-552 at dose 4.7 mg was well tolerated with no significant adverse events and appeared to provide some clinical benefits.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células/administração & dosagem , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Adulto , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células/efeitos adversos , Peptídeos Penetradores de Células/farmacocinética , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Subcutâneas , Masculino , Dose Máxima Tolerável , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/patologia , Projetos de Pesquisa , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies and leading cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Ozone has been proposed as a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of various disorders. PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to assess the potential anticancer effects of the ozone on liver cancer cells. METHOD: The liver cancer cell line of bel7402 and SMMC7721 was used in this study. Proliferation was evaluated using the CCK-8 and the colony formation assay. Wond healing assay and transwell assay without Matrigel were used to evaluate their migration ability. Flow cytometry was used for cell cycle analysis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) determination. Glutathione detection kit was used for measurement of glutathione level. Protein expression was estimated by western blot analysis. RESULTS: Ozone treatment inhibited liver cancer cell proliferation, colony formation. Ozone induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, which could be elucidated by the change of protein levels of p53, p21, Cyclin D1, cyclin B1, cdc2, and CDK4. We also found that ozone treatment inhibited migration ability by inhibiting EMT-relating protein. Ozone also induced ROS accumulation and decreased glutathione level decreased, which contributed to the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Finally, we found that pre-treatment of liver cancer cells with N-acetylcysteine resisted ozone-induced effects. CONCLUSIONS: Ozone restrains the proliferation and migration potential and EMT process of liver cancer cells via ROS accumulation and PI3K/AKT/NF-κB suppression.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Ozônio/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular , Pontos de Checagem da Fase G2 do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Glutationa/metabolismo , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Pontos de Checagem da Fase M do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Ensaio Tumoral de Célula-TroncoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Changrui enema, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is used as a supplementary treatment for acute radiation proctitis (ARP). Herein we explored the inhibition effects of Changrui enema on NF-κB and VEGF in ARP mice. METHODS: A total of 120 C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into normal mice group, ARP mice group, western medicine enema group (dexamethasone combined with gentamicin), and Changrui enema group. ARP mice were established by pelvic local irradiation. The expression of IL-1ß, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1, AQP3, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK was determined by immunohistochemistry or western blot. RESULTS: The study firstly found that Changrui enema alleviated ARP mice. The expression of IL-1ß, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1 and p-ERK1/2 was increased in ARP mice, and was reserved by Changrui enema. However, the expression of AQP3 and p-JNK was decreased in ARP mice, and was up-regulated by Changrui enema. CONCLUSIONS: Changrui enema is an effective treatment with fewer side effects for ARP. The mechanism of Changrui enema may be related to the inhibition of inflammation-induced angiogenesis. Changrui enema inhibits IL-1ß and NF-κB expression as well as VEGF expression. Interestingly, AQP1 promotes angiogenesis, while AQP3 inhibits inflammation. Changrui enema probably inhibits AQP1 expression by down-regulating p-ERK1/2, and improves AQP3 expression by up-regulating p-JNK.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , NF-kappa B , Proctite , Lesões por Radiação , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , Animais , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Enema , Inflamação , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , Proctite/tratamento farmacológico , Proctite/etiologia , Lesões por Radiação/tratamento farmacológico , Lesões por Radiação/metabolismo , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
In this study, we aimed to analyze the anti-cancer effects of ß-elemene combined with paclitaxel for ovarian cancer. RT-qPCR, MTT assay, western blot, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer effects of combined treatment of ß-elemene and paclitaxel. The in vitro results showed that ß-elemene+paclitaxel treatment markedly inhibited ovarian cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion compared to either paclitaxel or ß-elemene treatment alone. Results demonstrated that ß-elemene+paclitaxel induced apoptosis of SKOV3 cells, down-regulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl gene expression and up-regulated pro-apoptotic P53 and Apaf1 gene expression in SKOV3 cells. Administration of ß-elemene+paclitaxel arrested SKOV3 cell cycle at S phase and down-regulated CDK1, cyclin-B1, and P27 gene expression and apoptotic-related resistant gene expression of MDR1, LRP, and TS in SKOV3 cells. In vivo experiments showed that treatment with ß-elemene+paclitaxel significantly inhibited ovarian tumor growth and prolonged the overall survival of SKOV3-bearing mice. In addition, the treatment inhibited phosphorylated STAT3 and NF-κB expression in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it inhibited migration and invasion through down-regulation of the STAT-NF-κB signaling pathway in SKOV3 cells. In conclusion, the data suggested that ß-elemene+paclitaxel can inhibit ovarian cancer growth via down-regulation of the STAT3-NF-κB signaling pathway, which may be a potential therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer therapy.
Assuntos
Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Ovarianas/tratamento farmacológico , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Sesquiterpenos/administração & dosagem , Animais , Western Blotting , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Neoplasias Ovarianas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Transdução de Sinais , TransfecçãoRESUMO
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of knee joints involving pain and inflammation. Rhoifolin is a plant flavonoid known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study was taken to identify the effect of rhoifolin on complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in the rat model. Treatment with rhoifolin (10 and 20 mg/kg) showed a significant improvement in the overall health parameters such as paw edema and weight loss. This improvement in morphological parameters corroborated the findings with gross morphological changes observed in the histopathological analysis. Rhoifolin treatment also caused a significant decrease in oxidative stress, evident from changes in intracellular levels of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase in the articular cartilage tissue. Moreover, proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin(IL)-1ß, and IL-6 showed a significant downregulation of gene expression and intracellular protein concentration levels. The NF-κB pathway showed a significant attenuation as evident in the significant reduction in the levels of NF-κB p65 and p-IκB-α. These results indicated that rhoifolin can be a natural therapeutic alternative to the extant regimens, which include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and immunosuppressants. Additionally, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action of rhoifolin was probably mediated by the NF-κB pathway. However, the exact target molecules of this pathway need to be determined in further studies.
Assuntos
Artrite Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Citocinas/sangue , Dissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Flavonoides/administração & dosagem , Adjuvante de Freund/administração & dosagem , Glicosídeos/administração & dosagem , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Artrite Experimental/metabolismo , Artrite Reumatoide/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/sangue , Interleucina-1beta/sangue , Interleucina-6/sangue , Masculino , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Ratos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangueRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hepatic crisis is an emergent complication affecting patients with sickle cell disease (SCD); however, the molecular mechanism of sickle cell hepatobiliary injury remains poorly understood. Using the knock-in humanized mouse model of SCD and SCD patient blood, we sought to mechanistically characterize SCD-associated hepato-pathophysiology applying our recently developed quantitative liver intravital imaging, RNA sequence analysis, and biochemical approaches. APPROACH AND RESULTS: SCD mice manifested sinusoidal ischemia, progressive hepatomegaly, liver injury, hyperbilirubinemia, and increased ductular reaction under basal conditions. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation in the liver of SCD mice inhibited farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling and its downstream targets, leading to loss of canalicular bile transport and altered bile acid pool. Intravital imaging revealed impaired bile secretion into the bile canaliculi, which was secondary to loss of canalicular bile transport and bile acid metabolism, leading to intrahepatic bile accumulation in SCD mouse liver. Blocking NF-κB activation rescued FXR signaling and partially ameliorated liver injury and sinusoidal ischemia in SCD mice. CONCLUSIONS: These findings identify that NF-κB/FXR-dependent impaired bile secretion promotes intrahepatic bile accumulation, which contributes to hepatobiliary injury of SCD. Improved understanding of these processes could potentially benefit the development of therapies to treat sickle cell hepatic crisis.
Assuntos
Anemia Falciforme/complicações , Bile/metabolismo , Colestase/etiologia , Insuficiência Hepática/etiologia , Fígado/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anemia Falciforme/sangue , Anemia Falciforme/tratamento farmacológico , Anemia Falciforme/genética , Animais , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos/diagnóstico por imagem , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos/patologia , Colestase/patologia , Colestase/prevenção & controle , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Técnicas de Introdução de Genes , Hemoglobina Falciforme/genética , Insuficiência Hepática/patologia , Insuficiência Hepática/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Microscopia Intravital , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Camundongos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , NF-kappa B/antagonistas & inibidores , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of knee joints involving pain and inflammation. Rhoifolin is a plant flavonoid known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study was taken to identify the effect of rhoifolin on complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in the rat model. Treatment with rhoifolin (10 and 20 mg/kg) showed a significant improvement in the overall health parameters such as paw edema and weight loss. This improvement in morphological parameters corroborated the findings with gross morphological changes observed in the histopathological analysis. Rhoifolin treatment also caused a significant decrease in oxidative stress, evident from changes in intracellular levels of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase in the articular cartilage tissue. Moreover, proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin(IL)-1β, and IL-6 showed a significant downregulation of gene expression and intracellular protein concentration levels. The NF-κB pathway showed a significant attenuation as evident in the significant reduction in the levels of NF-κB p65 and p-IκB-α. These results indicated that rhoifolin can be a natural therapeutic alternative to the extant regimens, which include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and immunosuppressants. Additionally, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action of rhoifolin was probably mediated by the NF-κB pathway. However, the exact target molecules of this pathway need to be determined in further studies.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Artrite Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Flavonoides/administração & dosagem , Adjuvante de Freund/administração & dosagem , Citocinas/sangue , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Dissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Artrite Experimental/metabolismo , Artrite Reumatoide/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/sangue , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/sangue , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangue , Interleucina-1beta/sangue , Glicosídeos/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Abstract Purpose Changrui enema, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is used as a supplementary treatment for acute radiation proctitis (ARP). Herein we explored the inhibition effects of Changrui enema on NF-κB and VEGF in ARP mice. Methods A total of 120 C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into normal mice group, ARP mice group, western medicine enema group (dexamethasone combined with gentamicin), and Changrui enema group. ARP mice were established by pelvic local irradiation. The expression of IL-1β, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1, AQP3, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK was determined by immunohistochemistry or western blot. Results The study firstly found that Changrui enema alleviated ARP mice. The expression of IL-1β, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1 and p-ERK1/2 was increased in ARP mice, and was reserved by Changrui enema. However, the expression of AQP3 and p-JNK was decreased in ARP mice, and was up-regulated by Changrui enema. Conclusions Changrui enema is an effective treatment with fewer side effects for ARP. The mechanism of Changrui enema may be related to the inhibition of inflammation-induced angiogenesis. Changrui enema inhibits IL-1β and NF-κB expression as well as VEGF expression. Interestingly, AQP1 promotes angiogenesis, while AQP3 inhibits inflammation. Changrui enema probably inhibits AQP1 expression by down-regulating p-ERK1/2, and improves AQP3 expression by up-regulating p-JNK.
Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Proctite/etiologia , Proctite/tratamento farmacológico , Lesões por Radiação/metabolismo , Lesões por Radiação/tratamento farmacológico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Enema , Inflamação , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
PURPOSE: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (Ml/R) injury is a leading cause of damage in cardiac tissues, with high rates of mortality and disability. Biochanin A (BCA) is a main constituent of Trifolium pratense L. This study was intended to explore the effect of BCA on Ml/R injury and explore the potential mechanism. METHODS: In vivo MI/R injury was established by transient coronary ligation in Sprague-Dawley rats. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining (TTC) was used to measure myocardial infarct size. ELISA assay was employed to evaluate the levels of myocardial enzyme and inflammatory cytokines. Western blot assay was conducted to detect related protein levels in myocardial tissues. RESULTS: BCA significantly ameliorated myocardial infarction area, reduced the release of myocardial enzyme levels including aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK-MB) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). It also decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ß, IL-18, IL-6 and TNF-α) in serum of Ml/R rats. Further mechanism studies demonstrated that BCA inhibited inflammatory reaction through blocking TLR4/NF-kB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION: The present study is the first evidence demonstrating that BCA attenuated Ml/R injury through suppressing TLR4/NF-kB/NLRP3 signaling pathway-mediated anti-inflammation pathway.