RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare but severe neuroimmunological condition associated with a significant financial burden. NMOSD is also associated with increased health care utilization, including neurology outpatient visits, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) use, long-term medication, among others. We aimed to evaluate real-world patient experiences in access to care and NMOSD burden in an Argentinean cohort. METHODS: This cross-sectional study used a self-administered survey and was conducted in Argentina (2022). Patients with NMOSD were divided into three groups: private health insurance (PHI), social health insurance (SHI), and public health insurance (PHI, Ministry of Public Health). Differences in access and health care barriers were assessed. RESULTS: One hundred patients with NMOSD (74 women) with a mean age at diagnosis of 38.7 years were included. Their EDSS was 2.8 and they were followed for 5.2 years. Of them, 51%, 11%, and 13% were employed (full-time: 57.5%), currently unemployed and retired by NMOSD, respectively. 55% of them visited between 2-3 specialists before NMOSD diagnosis. Aquaporin-4-antibody and/or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody testing was requested in 91% (health insurance covered this partially in 15.3% and 32.9% of the time the test was entirely paid by patient/family). Patients with NMOSD receiving private medical care reported greater access to MRI, outpatient visits, and fewer issues to obtain NMOSD medications compared to those treated at public institutions. A longer mean time to MRI and neurology visit was found in the PHI group when compared with the other two subgroups. Regression analysis showed that private insurance (OR=3.84, p=0.01) was the only independent factor associated with appropriate access to NMOSD medications in Argentina. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that barriers to access and utilization of NMOSD care services in Argentina are common. NMOSD patients experienced problems to receive NMOSD medication properly, especially those from the public sector.
Assuntos
Aquaporina 4 , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Neuromielite Óptica , Feminino , Humanos , Aquaporina 4/imunologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Autoanticorpos , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Estudos Transversais , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/economia , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/economia , Neuromielite Óptica/diagnóstico por imagem , Neuromielite Óptica/economia , Neuromielite Óptica/epidemiologia , Neuromielite Óptica/imunologia , Avaliação das Necessidades , Masculino , AdultoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To report healthcare resource use and associated costs in controlled versus uncontrolled carcinoid syndrome (CS) in patients with neuroendocrine tumours. METHODS: A cross-sectional, non-interventional multicentre study was conducted with retrospective data analysis. Resource use was compared between two patient groups: those with controlled CS (> 12 months with no uncontrolled CS episodes) and uncontrolled CS (< 12 months since last uncontrolled episode). Patients were matched for age, sex, and origin and grade of tumour. When no matching patients were available, data from deceased patients were used. Information on healthcare resource use came from review of medical records, patient history and physician reports. Working capacity was assessed using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment General Health questionnaire. RESULTS: Twenty-six university hospitals in Spain participated, between July 2017 and April 2018. 137 patients were enrolled; 104 were analysed (2 groups of 52). Patients with uncontrolled CS had 10 times more emergency department (ED) visits (mean 1.0 vs 0.10 visits; P = 0.0167), were more likely to have a hospital admission (40.4% vs 19.2%; P = 0.0116) and had longer hospital stays (mean 7.87 vs 2.10 days; P = 0.0178) than those with controlled CS. This corresponded to higher annual hospitalisation costs (mean 5511.59 vs 1457.22; P = 0.028) and ED costs (161.25 vs 14.85; P = 0.0236). The mean annual total healthcare costs were 60.0% higher in patients with uncontrolled than controlled CS (P = NS). CONCLUSION: This study quantifies higher health resource use, and higher hospitalisation and ED costs in patients with uncontrolled CS. Better control of CS may result 3in lower medical costs.
Assuntos
Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/economia , Síndrome do Carcinoide Maligno/economia , Absenteísmo , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Custos Diretos de Serviços , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitalização/economia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Universitários/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome do Carcinoide Maligno/patologia , Síndrome do Carcinoide Maligno/terapia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/economia , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/patologia , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/terapia , Presenteísmo/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha , Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Studies have shown a consistent impact of socioeconomic status at birth for both mother and child; however, no study has looked at its impact on hospital efficiency and financial balance at birth, which could be major if newborns from disadvantaged families have an average length of stay (LOS) longer than other newborns. Our objective was therefore to study the association between socioeconomic status and hospital efficiency and financial balance in that population. METHODS: A study was carried out using exhaustive national hospital discharge databases. All live births in a maternity hospital located in mainland France between 2012 and 2014 were included. Socioeconomic status was estimated with an ecological indicator and efficiency by variations in patient LOS compared with different mean national LOS. Financial balance was assessed at the admission level through the ratio of production costs and revenues and at the hospital level by the difference in aggregated revenues and production costs for said hospital. Multivariate regression models studied the association between those indicators and socioeconomic status. RESULTS: A total of 2 149 454 births were included. LOS was shorter than the national means for less disadvantaged patients and longer for the more disadvantaged patients, which increased when adjusted for gestational age, birth weight, and severity. A 1% increase in disadvantaged patients in a hospital's case mix significantly increased the probability that the hospital would be in deficit by 2.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Reforms should be made to hospital payment methods to take into account patient socioeconomic status so as to improve resource allocation efficiency.
Assuntos
Alocação de Recursos para a Atenção à Saúde/economia , Preços Hospitalares , Custos Hospitalares , Hospitalização/economia , Maternidades/economia , Complicações na Gravidez/economia , Complicações na Gravidez/terapia , Classe Social , Orçamentos , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , França , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/economia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Tempo de Internação/economia , Masculino , Modelos Econômicos , Avaliação das Necessidades/economia , Admissão do Paciente/economia , Alta do Paciente/economia , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Economic evaluation of a scientific advisory program with the Public Defenders Office to mitigate the impacts of the judicialization on health in the municipality, as well as the implementation of an active follow-up program to monitor health outcomes arising from court demands. METHODS: A two-step study, the first documental, retrospective, with data collection of lawsuits in the region of Barbalha (CE), Brazil, from 2013 to 2018, and the second stage, prospective and intervention, through mediation between the citizen and the Public Defenders Office, aiming to reduce the occurrence of the judicialization, and the monitoring of the health outcomes of the processes. The study adopted the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards protocol for economic health assessments. The data obtained from the processes were grouped and treated for characterization of the scenario. A comparison of the profile of the lawsuits in the period of 12 months before and after the installation of the program to delimit a complete fiscal cycle was carried out. RESULTS: The advisory service promoted a decrease of 40% (p=0.01) in lawsuits. There was a 31% reduction in court costs (p=0.003), with medicines accounting for 33% of this amount. There was a decrease in inputs outside the Sistema Único de Saúde lists (27%; p=0.003), however there was no statistical difference among several demanding groups, suggesting an equanimous approach. CONCLUSION: Data from the initial survey were comparable to those reported in Brazil regarding the profile of judicial demands. In view of the scenario, the proposal proved feasible as a means to mitigate the costs of the judicialization through mediation. Finally, the initiative can serve as a model for adoption by municipalities that have characteristics similar to those presented in this study.
Assuntos
Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Função Jurisdicional , Brasil , Cidades , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/economia , Humanos , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the legal demands of tiotropium bromide to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS: We included secondary data from the pharmaceutical care management systems made available by the Paraná State Drug Center. RESULTS: Public interest civil action and ordinary procedures, among others, were the most common used by the patients to obtain the medicine. Two Health Centers in Paraná (Londrina and Umuarama) concentrated more than 50% of the actions. The most common specialty of physicians who prescribed (33.8%) was pulmonology. There is a small financial impact of tiotropium bromide on general costs with medicines of the Paraná State Drug Center. However, a significant individual financial impact was observed because one unit of the medicine represents 38% of the Brazilian minimum wage. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the need of incorporating this medicine in the class of long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator in the Brazilian public health system.
Assuntos
Broncodilatadores/economia , Medicamentos Essenciais/provisão & distribuição , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Função Jurisdicional , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/economia , Brometo de Tiotrópio/economia , Brasil , Medicamentos Essenciais/economia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/tendências , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/economia , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/tendências , Humanos , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the legal demands of tiotropium bromide to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods We included secondary data from the pharmaceutical care management systems made available by the Paraná State Drug Center. Results Public interest civil action and ordinary procedures, among others, were the most common used by the patients to obtain the medicine. Two Health Centers in Paraná (Londrina and Umuarama) concentrated more than 50% of the actions. The most common specialty of physicians who prescribed (33.8%) was pulmonology. There is a small financial impact of tiotropium bromide on general costs with medicines of the Paraná State Drug Center. However, a significant individual financial impact was observed because one unit of the medicine represents 38% of the Brazilian minimum wage. Conclusion Our study highlights the need of incorporating this medicine in the class of long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator in the Brazilian public health system.
RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as demandas judiciais do brometo de tiotrópio para tratar a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica. Métodos Foram considerados dados secundários dos sistemas gerenciais de assistência farmacêutica, disponibilizados pelo Centro de Medicamentos do Paraná. Resultados Ações civis públicas e ações ordinárias, de procedimento comum, entre outras, foram as mais praticadas pelos pacientes para obter o medicamento. Duas Regionais de Saúde do Paraná (Londrina e Umuarama) concentraram mais de 50% das ações. Quanto à especialidade dos médicos prescritores, 33,8% eram pneumologistas. Verificou-se discreto impacto financeiro do brometo de tiotrópio nos gastos gerais com medicamentos pelo Centro de Medicamentos do Paraná. Entretanto, também houve relevante impacto financeiro individual, pois uma unidade do medicamento consome 38% do salário mínimo. Conclusão O estudo aponta para a necessidade de incorporação deste medicamento da classe broncodilatadores anticolinérgicos de longa duração, no Sistema Único de Saúde.
Assuntos
Humanos , Broncodilatadores/economia , Medicamentos Essenciais/provisão & distribuição , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/economia , Função Jurisdicional , Brometo de Tiotrópio/economia , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Fatores de Tempo , Brasil , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Medicamentos Essenciais/economia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/tendências , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/economia , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/tendências , Programas Nacionais de SaúdeRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: Economic evaluation of a scientific advisory program with the Public Defenders Office to mitigate the impacts of the judicialization on health in the municipality, as well as the implementation of an active follow-up program to monitor health outcomes arising from court demands. Methods: A two-step study, the first documental, retrospective, with data collection of lawsuits in the region of Barbalha (CE), Brazil, from 2013 to 2018, and the second stage, prospective and intervention, through mediation between the citizen and the Public Defenders Office, aiming to reduce the occurrence of the judicialization, and the monitoring of the health outcomes of the processes. The study adopted the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards protocol for economic health assessments. The data obtained from the processes were grouped and treated for characterization of the scenario. A comparison of the profile of the lawsuits in the period of 12 months before and after the installation of the program to delimit a complete fiscal cycle was carried out. Results: The advisory service promoted a decrease of 40% (p=0.01) in lawsuits. There was a 31% reduction in court costs (p=0.003), with medicines accounting for 33% of this amount. There was a decrease in inputs outside the Sistema Único de Saúde lists (27%; p=0.003), however there was no statistical difference among several demanding groups, suggesting an equanimous approach. Conclusion: Data from the initial survey were comparable to those reported in Brazil regarding the profile of judicial demands. In view of the scenario, the proposal proved feasible as a means to mitigate the costs of the judicialization through mediation. Finally, the initiative can serve as a model for adoption by municipalities that have characteristics similar to those presented in this study.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliação econômica de um programa de aconselhamento científico junto à defensoria pública para minimizar o impacto da judicialização da saúde no município, bem como da implementação de um programa de pesquisa ativa para monitorar os desfechos em saúde provenientes de demandas judiciais. Métodos: Estudo conduzido em duas etapas. A primeira foi documental, retrospectiva, e composta por dados coletados de processos judiciais de 2013 a 2018 da região de Barbalha, no estado do Ceará. A segunda etapa foi prospectiva e de intervenção, conduzida por meio da mediação entre o cidadão e a defensoria pública, com o objetivo de reduzir a ocorrência da judicialização e monitorar os resultados dos processos de saúde. O estudo adotou o protocolo para avaliações econômicas em saúde Roteiro para Relato de Estudos de Avaliação Econômica. Os dados obtidos foram agrupados e tratados para caracterização do cenário. Comparou-se o perfil dos processos no período de 12 meses antes e após a instalação do programa para delimitar ciclo fiscal completo. Resultados: O serviço de consultoria promoveu redução de 40% (p=0,01) nas ações judiciais. Além disso, observou-se redução de 31% nos custos judiciais (p=0,003) com a medicação sendo responsável por 33% desse valor. Observou-se redução no uso de insumos não constantes nas listas do Sistema Único de Saúde (27%; p=0,003), contudo, sem diferença estatística entre os grupos. Conclusão: Os dados desta pesquisa foram comparáveis aos já relatados em pesquisas brasileiras quanto ao perfil de demandas. A proposta mostrou-se viável como meio de mitigar os custos da judicialização por meio da mediação. Essa iniciativa pode servir como modelo para os municípios que possuem características similares às apresentadas em nosso estudo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Função Jurisdicional , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Brasil , Estudos Retrospectivos , Cidades , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/economia , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Health systems for surgical care for children in low- and middle-income countries remain poorly understood. Our goal was to characterize the delivery of surgical care for children across Brazil and to identify associations between surgical resources and childhood mortality. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional, ecological study to analyze surgical care for children in the public health system (Sistema Único de Saúde) across Brazil from 2010 to 2015. We collected data from several national databases, and used geospatial analysis (two-step floating catchment, Getis-Ord-Gi analysis, and geographically weighted regression) to explore relationships between infrastructure, workforce, access, procedure rate, under-5 mortality rate (U5MR), and perioperative mortality rate (POMR). RESULTS: A total of 246,769 surgical procedures were performed in 6,007 first level/ district hospitals and 491 referral hospitals across Brazil over the study period. The surgical workforce is distributed unevenly across the country, with 0.13-0.26 pediatric surgeons per 100,000 children in the poorer North, Northeast and Midwest regions, and 0.6-0.68 pediatric surgeons per 100,000 children in the wealthier South and Southeast regions. Hospital infrastructure, procedure rate, and access to care is also unequally distributed across the country, with increased resources in the South and Southeast compared to the Northeast, North, and Midwest. The U5MR varies widely across the country, although procedure-specific POMR is consistent across regions. Increased access to care is associated with lower U5MR across Brazil, and access to surgical care differs by geographic region independent of socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: There are wide disparities in surgical care for children across Brazil, with infrastructure, manpower, and resources distributed unevenly across the country. Access to surgical care is associated with improved U5MR independent of socioeconomic status. To address these disparities, policy should direct the allocation of surgical resources commensurate with local population needs.
Assuntos
Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Recursos em Saúde/economia , Recursos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/economia , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Políticas , Cirurgiões/estatística & dados numéricos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/economia , Recursos Humanos/economia , Recursos Humanos/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: St. Boniface Hospital (SBH) plays a critical role in providing safe, accessible surgery in rural southern Haiti. We examine the impact of SBH increasing surgical capacity on case volume, patient complexity, and inpatient mortality across three phases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review and geospatial analysis of all surgical cases performed at SBH between 2015 and 2017 were performed. Inpatient mortality was defined by in-hospital deaths divided by the number of procedures performed. RESULTS: Between February 2015 and August 2017, over 2000 procedures were performed. The average number of surgeries per week was 3.1 with visiting surgical teams in phase 1 (P1), 10.4 with a single general surgeon in phase 2 (P2), and 20.1 with two surgeons and a resident in phase 3 (P3). There was a six-fold increase in surgical volume between P1 and P3 and a significant increase in case complexity. The distribution of American Society of Anesthesiologists scores of 1, 2, 3, and 4 during P2 was 81.05%, 14.74%, 3.42%, and 0.79%, respectively, whereas in P3, the distribution was 68.91%, 22.55%, 7.70%, and 0.84%. Surgical mortality was 0%, 1.2%, and 1.67% across phases. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing resources and surgical staff at SBH allowed for greater delivery of safe surgical care. This study highlights that investing in surgery has a significant impact in regions of great surgical need.