Assuntos
Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/história , Pediatria/história , Neoplasias Cutâneas/história , Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/genética , Criança , Predisposição Genética para Doença/história , História do Século XX , Humanos , Mutação , Pele/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
Sylvilagus floridanus Papillomavirus (SfPV) causes growth of large horn-like tumors on rabbits. SfPV was described in cottontail rabbits (probably Sylvilagus floridanus) from Kansas and Iowa by Richard Shope in 1933, and detected in S. audubonii in 2011. It is known almost exclusively from the US Midwest. We explored the University of Kansas Natural History Museum for historical museum specimens infected with SfPV, using molecular techniques, to assess if additional wild species host SfPV, and whether SfPV occurs throughout the host range, or just in the Midwest. Secondary aims were to detect distinct strains, and evidence for strain spatio-temporal specificity. We found 20 of 1395 rabbits in the KU collection SfPV symptomatic. Three of 17 lagomorph species (S. nuttallii, and the two known hosts) were symptomatic, while Brachylagus, Lepus and eight additional Sylvilagus species were not. 13 symptomatic individuals were positive by molecular testing, including the first S. nuttallii detection. Prevalence of symptomatic individuals was significantly higher in Sylvilagus (1.8%) than Lepus. Half of these specimens came from Kansas, though new molecular detections were obtained from Jalisco-Mexico's first-and Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, and Texas, USA. We document the oldest lab-confirmed case (Kansas, 1915), pre-dating Shope's first case. SfPV amplification was possible from 63.2% of symptomatic museum specimens. Using multiple methodologies, rolling circle amplification and, multiple isothermal displacement amplification in addition to PCR, greatly improved detection rates. Short sequences were obtained from six individuals for two genes. L1 gene sequences were identical to all previously detected sequences; E7 gene sequences, were more variable, yielding five distinct SfPV1 strains that differing by less than 2% from strains circulating in the Midwest and Mexico, between 1915 and 2005. Our results do not clarify whether strains are host species specific, though they are consistent with SfPV specificity to genus Sylvilagus.
Assuntos
Papillomavirus de Coelho Cottontail/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/veterinária , Coelhos/virologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Animais , Antígenos Virais/genética , Sequência de Bases , Colorado/epidemiologia , Papillomavirus de Coelho Cottontail/genética , Papillomavirus de Coelho Cottontail/patogenicidade , DNA Viral/genética , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Genes Virais , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Especificidade de Hospedeiro , Kansas/epidemiologia , México/epidemiologia , Meio-Oeste dos Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Museus , Proteínas Oncogênicas Virais/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/história , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Filogenia , Coelhos/classificação , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/história , Neoplasias Cutâneas/virologia , Especificidade da Espécie , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/epidemiologia , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/história , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/veterinária , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/virologia , Proteínas Estruturais Virais/genéticaRESUMO
El cáncer de piel no melanoma (CPNM) que incluye al carcinoma basocelular (CBC) y al carcinoma espinocelular (CEC), a pesar de no contar con registros exactos, está presentando durante los últimos años una creciente incidencia a nivel mundial, y constituye un problema de salud pública global. Este aumento se debe, entre otras causas, principalmente a factores que aumentan la frecuencia e intensidad de la exposición de la población a la radiación ultra violeta, la cual produce mutaciones en el ADN de las células epidérmicas, lo que induce el inicio del cáncer. Tanto el CBC como el CEC presentan una amplia variedad clínica lo que con lleva a tener múltiples consideraciones al decidir su enfoque terapéutico. Definir el tipo de cáncer es importante también para establecer su pronóstico.
The non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) which includes basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), despite not having accurate records, being presented in recent years an increasing incidence worldwide, becoming a global public health problem. This increase is mainly due, among other causes, factors that increase the frequency and intensity of population exposure to ultraviolet radiation, which causes DNA mutations of the epidermal cells thus inducing the onset of cancer. Both CBC and the CEC have a broad clinical range which leads to having multiple considerations when deciding on the therapeutic approach. Define the type of cancer is also important to establish prognosis.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Cutâneas , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/história , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapiaRESUMO
El doctor Luis Prunés fue uno de los grandes maestros de la dermatología chilena. Se formó como dermatólogo en el hospital Saint-Louis en París. En la década 1920 ingresó al Hospital San Luis de Santiago y en 1938 asumió como profesor titular de la cátedra Clínica Universitaria de Piel y Sífilis del Hospital San Vicente de Paul. En 1938 fue el primer presidente de la Sociedad Chilena de Dermato-sifilología. Fue un gran investigador de patologías cutáneas; estudió principalmente la lepra y las lesiones cutáneas asociadas a minerales. Es recordado por preconizar la importancia de la biopsia cutánea. Jubiló en 1954 dejándonos un importante legado dermatológico. El Dr. Prunés recopiló sus mejores casos en más de 20archivos fotográficos, los cuales se encuentran en la biblioteca del Departamento de Dermatología del Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar parte de su archivo fotográfico, mostrando imágenes impresionantes de tumores cutáneos y lesiones cutáneas inducidas por arsénico.
Dr. Luis Prunés is one of the masters of the Chilean dermatology. He was trained as dermatologist at the Saint-Louis hospital in Paris. Since 1920 he worked as dermatologist at the San Luis Hospital in Santiago and in 1938 he took over as Professor and Chairman of the University Clinic of Skin and Syphilis at San Vicente de Paul Hospital. In 1938, he was the first president of the Chilean Society of Dermatology. He studied leprosy and skin lesions associated with minerals. He is also remembered for advocating the importance of skin biopsy. He retired in 1954, leaving an important legacy. Dr. Prunés compiled his best clinical cases in more than 20 photographic archives, which are located at the Library of the Dermatology Department in the University of Chile Clinical Hospital. The purpose of this paper is to present part of his photographic archive, showing stunning images of large cutaneous tumors and arsenic-induced skin lesions.
Assuntos
Humanos , História do Século XX , Arquivos , Dermatologia/história , Neoplasias Cutâneas/história , Fotografação , Arsênio/efeitos adversos , Chile , Dermatopatias/história , Dermatopatias/induzido quimicamente , MineraçãoRESUMO
Se efectua una apretada síntesis histórica desde los papiros egipcios hasta la actualidad. Luego se clasifica a los epiteliomas o carcinomas cutáneos en: 1- Carcinomas primitivos cutáneos. 2- Carcinomas intermediarios. 3- Carcinomas espinocelulares. 4- Carcinomas anexiales: sudoríparos, sebáceos, pilosos. 5- Carcinomas anexiales fundamentales. 6- Carcinomas "in situ" (intraepiteliales). Este sistema clasificatorio, basado en la histogénesis, ha demostrado ser de utilidad práctica a través del tiempo. Consideramos que se trata de un valioso trabajo de revisión y actualización producto de 5 décadas de experiencia. Se caracteriza por ser sintético, preciso y con criterio didáctico. Los conceptos están vertidos mediante 150 diapositivas demostrativas que expresan con certeza los caracteres clínicos e histológicos de las neoplasias cutáneas, salvo el melanoma. Uno de los autores (J.A) comienza el estudio en 1953 con su tesis de doctorado: "Epiteliomas cutáneos: ensayo de clasificación citogenética". Es un monumental ensayo ilustrado con numerosas microfotografías en blanco y negro, cuya consulta recomendamos en la Biblioteca de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la UBA.
Assuntos
Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/classificação , Carcinoma/classificação , Neoplasias Cutâneas/classificação , Carcinoma Basocelular/classificação , Carcinoma Basoescamoso/classificação , Carcinoma in Situ/classificação , Carcinoma/história , Neoplasias Cutâneas/históriaRESUMO
Skin cancer has increased in the last decades throughout the world. This may be explained by an increase exposure of individuals to UV radiation, mainly due to the hole in the ozone layer and also due to an increase in leisure time an the desire to possess a suntan. In this article, skin cancer epidemiology in Chile and skin cancer epidemiology throughout the world are reviewed; also, skin cancer risk factors such as skin phenotype and sun exposure behavior in the Chilean population are discussed. Anatomical localization of Malignant Melanoma (MM) is an important issue related to the prognosis of the tumour. In this article, MM anatomical location in the Chilean population is also reviewed and compared with the MM´s localization in other population. This article summarized results on the skin cancer epidemiology and risk factors on the Chilean population.
Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Chile , Neoplasias Cutâneas/história , Neoplasias Cutâneas/prevenção & controle , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The lines of Blaschko represent a pattern followed by many skin disorders. We review the clinical and histologic features of X-linked, congenital/nevoid, and acquired skin diseases that follow these lines. We also include cutaneous disorders that have a linear distribution but do not follow Blaschko's lines. Finally, we differentiate Blaschko's lines from other patterns on the skin such as dermatomes and Langer's lines.