RESUMO
SUMMARY: The Masquelet technique or membrane induction is considered new in many ways, born under the need to seek therapeutic options in patients with extensive bone lesions. Since this technique was proposed, hopeful and reproducible results have been reported to different centers throughout the world. That is why in this work we seek to collect information from different authors and their case reports, in addition to presenting a case handled in the O'higgins region with this technique. OBJECTIVES: To review the literature regarding general results in bone consolidation in cases similar to the one exposed, in addition to exposing the Masquelet Technique as management in a patient with extensive bone loss, due to a firearm wound. METHODS: descriptive observational study, in addition to a systematic review in databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Elsevier, Cochrane and manually through the Internet in journals and public bodies. This work seeks to collect information from different authors and their case reports, in addition to delving into the technique itself, evaluating its indications, contraindications and protocol to follow. The patient's signature of an informed consent was requested, which is explicitly voluntary, in which he authorizes the review of his file, his background and the use of images and / or x-rays pertinent to the research. RESULTS: Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined to analyze the characteristics of the selected articles. We present the clinical case of a 27-year-old male patient who suffers high-energy injury by firearm in the middle third of the right leg with exposure and loss of musculoskeletal tissue of 12 cm in diameter, polyfragmentary fracture of the proximal third of tibia and fibula, initially damage control is performed which is complicated by presenting osteomyelitis in said limb. It is handled with Masquelet technique. The induction time was approximately 4 months, after the second surgical time the lesion is consolidated in three months showing results similar to the literature studied.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Ortopedia/métodos , Osteogênese , Osso e Ossos/cirurgia , Osteomielite , Regeneração , Osso e Ossos/lesões , Cimentos Ósseos , Resultado do Tratamento , Polimetil Metacrilato/química , Fraturas Ósseas/terapiaRESUMO
Introdução: As fraturas do tornozelo são lesões comuns, apesar de ocorrer em todas as idades, são mais comuns entre homens jovens e mulheres idosas, constituem cerca de 9% de todas as fraturas, com uma incidência de 107 a 187 por 100.000 pessoas por ano. A abordagem de tratamento selecionada ocorrerá de acordo com as condições do paciente e a opção do médico de acordo com cada situação em específico. Objetivo: Avaliar o desfecho do tratamento não cirúrgico e funcional de pacientes com fraturas estáveis e sem desvio do maléolo lateral tipo Weber B, com carga e mobilização articular imediatas. Método: estudo retrospectivo de uma série de pacientes com fratura estável e sem desvio do maléolo lateral tipo Weber B, que foram tratados de forma não cirúrgica com carga e mobilização articular imediatas, de janeiro 2016 a julho 2022. Os pacientes dessa pesquisa foram provenientes do Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal de São Paulo e da Clínica de Ortopedia e Traumatologia Ortocity. Resultados: Os pacientes tinham idade média de 54,7 anos, diagnosticados após eventos traumáticos (quedas, acidentes, etc.) por meio de exames radiográficos, 50% da amostra com comorbidades, especialmente HAS, 73,3% com desvio de 1mm, mais de 50% com consolidação em até 8 semanas, mais de 60% retornaram às atividades normais em até 16 semanas, as complicações ocorreram em aproximadamente 70% da amostra, porém todas leves e sem necessidade de nova abordagem de tratamento posterior. Conclusão: Nesse sentido, pode-se afirmar que a abordagem conservadora associado à mobilização e carga imediatas formam uma alternativa viável de tratamento, com bons resultados de recuperação funcional, semelhantes aos pacientes tratados por abordagens cirúrgicas, conforme a literatura levantada para este estudo. Palavras-chave: Fratura de tornozelo. Abordagem conservadora. Weber B. Resultados funcionais.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ortopedia/métodos , Ferimentos e Lesões/reabilitação , Traumatologia/métodos , Acidentes/estatística & dados numéricos , Consolidação da Fratura/fisiologia , Procedimentos Ortopédicos/métodos , Fraturas Ósseas/reabilitação , Órtoses do Pé , Fraturas do Tornozelo/diagnóstico , Fraturas do Tornozelo/reabilitação , Tratamento Conservador/métodos , Tornozelo/cirurgiaRESUMO
RESUMEN La hiperqueratosis es un trastorno caracterizado por el engrosamiento de la capa externa de la piel, que está compuesta de queratina, una fuerte proteína protectora. Puede ser causada por fricción, conllevando la aparición de callosidades, inflamación crónica, eccema o trastornos genéticos, como la ictiosis ligada al cromosoma X. Se presentó el caso de un paciente de 47 años, que acudió al Servicio de Ortopedia por lesión escamosa a nivel de ambas regiones plantares con dificultad para la marcha. El tratamiento quirúrgico fue el empleado en este paciente para la obtención de la biopsia exerética. La evolución fue favorable en el postoperatorio mediato e inmediato, y el paciente se incorporó de forma rápida a su vida normal. Con este caso se identificaron las características clínicas de la hiperqueratosis plantar, así como el uso de la biopsia exerética como estándar de oro para el diagnóstico positivo en los tumores periféricos. Un diagnóstico adecuado por el médico inicial, la interrelación del Servicio de Ortopedia con la consulta de tumores periféricos, y el tratamiento quirúrgico seleccionado, constituyen factores determinantes en la evolución favorable de los pacientes con este diagnóstico (AU).
ABSTRACT Hyperkeratosis is a disorder characterized by thickening of the outer layer of the skin, which is composed of keratin, a strong protective protein. It can be caused by friction, leading to callosities, chronic inflammation, eczema or genetic disorders such as X chromosome-linked ichthyosis. We presented the case of a patient, aged 47 years, who attended the Orthopedic Service for scaly lesion at the level of both plantar regions with difficulties to walk. Surgical treatment was used in this patient to obtain an exeretic biopsy. The evolution was favorable in both the mediate and immediate postoperative period, and the patient quickly returned to his normal life. This case identified the clinical characteristics of plantar hyperkeratosis and the use of exeretic biopsy as a gold standard for positive diagnosis in the peripheral tumors. An adequate diagnosis by the initial physician, the interrelation of the orthopedic service with the consultation of peripheral tumors, and the chosen surgical treatment are determining factors in the favorable evolution of patients with this diagnosis (AU).
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/diagnóstico , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/diagnóstico , Ortopedia/métodos , Dermatopatias , Biópsia/métodos , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/cirurgia , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/genética , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/epidemiologiaRESUMO
RESUMEN: Introducción: Dentro del tratamiento estándar de los pacientes con fisura labio-máxilo-palatinas se encuentra la ortopedia prequirúrgica. Esta se realiza con el objetivo de modular la posición, alineación y estabilización de los segmentos maxilares previo a la primera cirugía. Pese a que es ampliamente utilizada, su efectividad es controversial. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante el cribado de múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Se extrajeron los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, se analizaron los datos de los estudios primarios, posteriormente se realizó un metaanálisis y se preparó una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. Resultados y Conclusiones: Se identificaron 14 revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyeron 57 estudios primarios, de los cuales, cinco corresponden a ensayos clínicos aleatorizados. Concluimos que no es posible establecer con claridad si la ortopedia prequirúrgica mejora o perjudica la morfología maxilar, debido a que la certeza de la evidencia ha sido evaluada como muy baja. Por su parte, la ortopedia prequirúrgica podría resultar en poca o nula diferencia en el crecimiento y desarrollo facial, las alteraciones oclusales, la satisfacción parental, la alimentación, el habla y la apariencia facial y nasolabial, pero la certeza de la evidencia es baja.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Within the standard treatment of patients with labio-maxillo-palatal cleft is presurgical orthopedics. This procedure seeks to modulate the position, alignment and stabilization of the maxillary segments prior to the first surgery. Although it is widely used, its effectiveness is currently controversial. Methods: We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. Results and conclusions: We identified 14 systematic reviews that included 57 primary studies, five of which correspond to randomized trials. We conclude that it is uncertain whether presurgical orthopedics improves or deteriorates maxillary morphology, because the certainty of the evidence has been very low. On the other hand, presurgical orthopedics may make little or no difference to facial growth and development, occlusal alterations, parental satisfaction, feeding, speech, and facial and nasolabial appearance, but the certainty of the evidence is low.
Assuntos
Humanos , Ortopedia/métodos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Fenda Labial/terapia , Fissura Palatina/terapiaRESUMO
Objetivo: Describir el plan de tratamiento completo para el manejo de pacientes con fisura labio alvéolo palatina (F.L.A.P.), basado en nuestra experiencia clínica de más de 40 años. Casos clínicos: En nuestro protocolo consideramos fundamental el tratamiento ortopédico, teniendo en cuenta los tiempos de crecimiento y desarrollo del maxilar superior de cada paciente, para luego aplicar las técnicas quirúrgicas en un maxilar armónico, con un éxito más predecible. Se describirá una serie de casos clínicos con seguimiento de pacientes. Conclusión: Con este protocolo que pregonamos desde hace muchos años, nos diferenciamos principalmente de otras propuestas por considerar los tiempos biológicos de cada paciente en cuanto a crecimiento y desarrollo, y no por basarnos en tiempos quirúrgicos preestablecidos. Aplicando este protocolo obtenemos resultados predecibles que entendemos que solo son posibles de evaluar, al realizar el seguimiento del paciente hasta completar su desarrollo (AU)
Objective: To describe the comprehensive treatment plan aimed at managing patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) on the basis of our more than forty years of clinical experience. Case reports: e orthopedic treatment is deemed fundamental in the present protocol, which takes into account the maxilla growth and development periods of each individual patient, to later perform a surgical technique in a harmonized maxilla, with a more predictable success. Clinical cases with the patient follow-up shall be described. Conclusion: e main difference between the present protocol that has been held for many years and others proposed approaches mainly lies in considering the unique growth and developmental biological stages of each patient and not in drawing on pre-established surgical timing. When applying this protocol, predictable results are achieved and they are only meant possible to be assessed during the thorough patient follow-up (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Obturadores Palatinos , Fenda Labial/cirurgia , Fissura Palatina/cirurgia , Ortopedia/métodos , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Periósteo/cirurgia , Desenvolvimento MaxilofacialRESUMO
El melanoma subungueal es un subgrupo del melanoma acral lentiginoso. Con frecuencia se diagnostica en etapa avanzada, dada la escasez de síntomas; de ahí que la evaluación y el tratamiento oportuno mejoran el pronóstico. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 44 años de edad, que acude a consulta de Ortopedia con melanoniquia de tres meses de evolución. Había sido tratado en la atención primaria de salud por un hematoma secundario a un trauma directo sobre la falange distal del primer artejo del pie izquierdo. Fue seguido por consulta externa de Ortopedia y, al no experimentar una evolución adecuada, fue evaluado por la Comisión Provincial de Tumores Periféricos. Se le realizó una biopsia por punch (sacabocado), que arrojó el resultado de melanoma subungueal. Se realizó la amputación del primer artejo y del proximal del primer metatarsiano, una vez verificada la no existencia de lesiones metastásicas, con excelente resultado estético y funcional, sin mostrar recidiva en su seguimiento, a dos años de su intervención(AU)
Subungual melanoma is a subgroup of lentiginous acral melanoma. It is often diagnosed in an advanced stage by a shortage of symptoms, so timely evaluation and treatment improve prognosis. This is the case of a 44-year-old patient who goes to orthopedics with melanonichia 3 months of evolution. He had been treated for a bruise secondary to direct trauma to the distal phalanx of the first left foot ailre in primary health care. It was followed by external orthopedic consultation and by not following an adequate evolution was evaluated by the provincial commission of peripheral tumors. He was given a punch biopsy resulting in a subungual melanoma. The amputation of the first artejo and proximal first metatarsal was carried out, once verified the non-existence of metastatic lesions, with excellent aesthetic and functional result, without showing relapse in its follow-up to two years(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Doença Catastrófica/classificação , Melanoma/diagnóstico , Ortopedia/métodos , Sinais e Sintomas , Terapêutica , Biópsia , Amputação Cirúrgica/métodos , Melanoma/cirurgiaRESUMO
RESUMEN Introducción: el control de daños en Ortopedia es aplazar la reparación definitiva de lesiones traumáticas, con el objetivo de la recuperación fisiológica deteriorada por lesiones y/o complicaciones que pueden poner en peligro la vida, realizando entonces procedimientos quirúrgicos sencillos, como una estabilización quirúrgica externa de las fracturas. Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento del control de daños ortopédicos en politraumatizados pediátricos. Materiales y método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo, de corte transversal, de enero del 2015 a diciembre del 2018. El universo estuvo constituido por 22 pacientes menores de 19 años de edad, politraumatizados en el período; la muestra por 15 pacientes, a los que se les aplicó control de daños ortopédicos, según criterios de selección. Resultados: se aplicó control de daños ortopédicos a 15 infantes. El más afectado fue el sexo masculino con el 73,3 %. Prevalecieron los traumatismos de los miembros inferiores con el 58,3 % y las fracturas cerradas con un 53,8 %. La osteomielitis crónica fue la complicación que predominó, en el 20 % de la muestra. En el 73,3 % de los casos se evaluó como satisfactoria la aplicación del control de daños ortopédicos en los politraumatizados. Conclusiones: a la totalidad de los traumatizados se le aplicó control de daños ortopédicos. Predominó el sexo masculino y el grupo de edad de 9 -14 años. Los miembros inferiores aportan la mayor cantidad con el fémur y la tibia. El control de daños ortopédicos se evaluó satisfactoriamente en la mayoría de los pacientes estudiados (AU).
ABSTRAC Introduction: the control of damages in Orthopedics is to postpone the definitive repair of traumatic lesions, with the objective of the physiologic recovery deteriorated by lesions and/or complications that can put in danger the life, carrying out simple surgical procedures, like an external surgical stabilization of the fractures at that time. . Objective: to determine the behavior of the orthopedic damage control in pediatric politraumatized patients. Material and method: a cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive, observational study was carried out from January 2015 to December 2018. The universe was formed by 22 patients younger than 19 years politraumatized in the period and the sample formed 15 patients; they underwent orthopedic damage control, according to the selection criteria. Results: the orthopedic damage control, was applied to 15 children. Male sex was the most affected one. Trauma in the lower limbs with 58.3 % and closed fractures with 53.8 prevailed. The predominating complication was chronic poliomyelitis in 20 % of the sample. The orthopedic damage control in politraumatized patients was assessed as successful in 73.3 % of the cases. Conclusions: the orthopedic damage control was applied to the total of traumatized patients. The male sex and the 9-14 years-old age group predominated. Lower limbs contributed with the biggest quantity of trauma, in femur and tibia. The orthopedic damage control was assessed as successful in most of studied patients (AU).
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Traumatismo Múltiplo/prevenção & controle , Criança , Dano ao Paciente/prevenção & controle , Ortopedia/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Menores/métodos , Ferimentos e Lesões/prevenção & controle , Procedimentos Ortopédicos/métodos , Fraturas Fechadas/diagnóstico , Fraturas Expostas/diagnósticoRESUMO
There are vast numbers of evidenced-based clinical trials produced each year, making it increasingly difficult to stay up to date with new treatments and protocols designed to provide the most optimal patient care. A physician's ability to combine existing knowledge with new data is limited by a basic understanding of the background statistics used in these studies. Our goal is to not only define the basic statistics commonly used in clinical trials but to also ensure that practitioners are able to have a working understanding of these statistical measurements to effectively make the most informed and efficacious decisions regarding patient management. On the basis of the recent growth of empirical spine literature, it is becoming more important for spine surgeons to have the basic statistical background necessary to efficiently interpret new data, which may affect clinical decision making regarding patient care.
Assuntos
Ortopedia/normas , Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Cirurgiões , Algoritmos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Tomada de Decisões , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Humanos , Ortopedia/métodos , Qualidade de Vida , Análise de Regressão , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Projetos de Pesquisa , Risco , Fatores de Risco , Estatística como AssuntoRESUMO
PURPOSE: The aim of this publication is to present a case of idiopathic spinal cord herniation (ISCH) associated with a transdural disk herniation, demonstrate an operative technique used to treat this condition and provide an updated review the literature. BACKGROUND CONTEXT: ISCH is an infrequent condition that can cause progressive myelopathy leading to severe neurological dysfunction. This condition is characterized by ventral displacement of the spinal cord across a defect in the dura, either congenital or acquired, resulting in vascular compromise and adhesion that subsequently causes injury to the spinal cord. We present the management of such a patient, in addition to a review of the literature regarding management of ISCH. METHODS: This patient underwent surgery using the dural graft sling technique for repair of the dural defect and restoration of normal spinal cord position within the thecal sac. A review of the literature revealed a total of 171 patients supplemented by our 1 patient, which were then analyzed. RESULTS: The majority of patients, treated with a variety of surgical techniques, experienced improvements in symptomatology. Our patient experienced significant improvement in symptomatology. CONCLUSIONS: Although ISCH is a rare clinical condition that causes myelopathy, patients managed with surgery generally, though not universally, have a favorable neurological outcome. The associated surgical technique video demonstrates the dural sling technique for the treatment of this rare disorder.
Assuntos
Dura-Máter/cirurgia , Degeneração do Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Ortopedia/métodos , Doenças da Medula Espinal/cirurgia , Medula Espinal/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Herniorrafia/métodos , Humanos , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Lombares/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
In July of 2018, the Second International Consensus Meeting (ICM) on Musculoskeletal Infection convened in Philadelphia, PA was held to discuss issues regarding infection in orthopedic patients and to provide consensus recommendations on these issues to practicing orthopedic surgeons. During this meeting, attending delegates divided into subspecialty groups to discuss topics specifics to their respective fields, which included the spine. At the spine subspecialty group meeting, delegates discussed and voted upon the recommendations for 63 questions regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infection in spinal surgery. Of the 63 questions, 8 questions focused on general principles in spine surgery, for which this article provides the recommendations, voting results, and rationales.