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Objetivo: relatar uma biópsia excisional de um osteoma periférico no palato duro direito de uma paciente jovem, do sexo feminino e não sindrômica. Relato de caso: paciente do sexo feminino, 32 anos de idade, melanoderma e normossitêmico, buscou atendimento no ambulatório de diagnóstico estomatológico da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia com queixa quanto ao surgimento de lesão na região de palato. Após avaliação clínica e imaginológica, foi decidido realizar biópsia excisional sob anestesia local da lesão. Foram levantadas três hipóteses de diagnóstico: osteoma periférico, exostose ou osteossarcoma. O material coletado foi enviado para análise histopatológica, que confirmou a hipótese de osteoma periférico. Considerações finais: os osteomas periféricos na região de palato duro são raríssimos. Essa lesão geralmente é assintomática ­ exceto quando há impacto traumático durante a mastigação ­, de crescimento lento, podendo se desenvolver em osso cortical ou medular. O tratamento de escolha é a remoção cirúrgica e o índice de recorrência é raro. O caso enfatiza a condição rara, pois foram encontrados apenas seis casos semelhantes relacionados na literatura. (AU)

Objective: To report an excisional biopsy of a peripheral osteoma in the right hard palate in a non-syndromic young female patient. Case Report: A 32-year-old female patient, black, and normosystemic sought assistance in the stomatological diagnosis outpatient clinic of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil, complaining about the appearance of a lesion in the palate region. After clinical and imaging assessment, it was decided to perform an excisional biopsy under local anesthesia of the lesion. Three diagnostic hypotheses were raised - peripheral osteoma, exostosis, or osteosarcoma. The material collected was sent for histopathological analysis, which confirmed the hypothesis of peripheral osteoma. Final considerations: Peripheral osteomas in the hard palate region are very rare. This lesion is usually asymptomatic, except when there is a slow-growing chewing impact during mastication, which may develop in cortical or spinal bone. Surgical removal is the treatment of choice and the rate of recurrence is rare. The case emphasizes the rare condition, considering only six similar cases were found in the literature. (AU)

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OBJECTIVE: Osteomas are slow-growing benign tumors that can affect the skull, most frequently the parietal and frontal. Temporal bone osteomas are more common in the external acoustic meatus and exceptional in the mastoid region. The rarity of mastoid osteomas is confirmed by the fact that very few cases have been reported in the clinical and paleopathological literature. The aim of this paper is to report a new paleopathological case of mastoid tumor in a Pre-Hispanic adult cranium. MATERIALS: The skull derives from the Chunchuri (today Dupont-1 site) Pre-Hispanic site in Northern Chile (1390 A.D). METHODS: Macroscopical examination and high-resolution tomography were used to assess the cranium. RESULTS: The CT scan revealed a well demarcated lesion suggestive of a mastoid osteoma. CONCLUSIONS: This case adds new evidence regarding the antiquity of primary neoplasms in ancient populations and reinforces the importance of high resolution imaging in paleopathological research. SIGNIFICANCE: Due to the antiquity of the remains this is probably the oldest reported case of mastoid osteoma. LIMITATIONS: The patrimonial nature of the remains did not allow histopathological studies. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH: Further intensive review of archeological skeletal collections is needed to better understand the epidemiology of neoplastic lesions in past populations.

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Gardner syndrome is a hereditary disease in which patients develop gastrointestinal polyps, osteomas, desmoid tumors, epidermoid cysts, fibromas, lipomas, and retinal lesions. Dental abnormalities such as supernumerary or impacted teeth, odontomas and dentigerous cysts are also reported. The most serious concern in this syndrome is the extremely high risk of gastrointestinal polyps undergoing malignant transformation. Since the maxillofacial findings usually precede gastrointestinal polyps, the dentist plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of Gardner syndrome, and panoramic radiography is an important tool in the diagnosis of the disease. We report here a case of Gardner syndrome in a patient showing mandibular osteomas and impacted teeth. Also, cases of Gardner syndrome with maxillofacial manifestations reported in the literature were reviewed and compared with ours. According to the findings, osteomas are important manifestations of this syndrome, and regardless of the absence of family history of intestinal polyposis, their occurrence should prompt diagnostic evaluation for this disease.

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Los osteomas fronto-etmoidales son los tumores benignos más frecuentes de los senos paranasales, pudiendo evolucionar con complicaciones por compresión de estructuras adyacentes. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 63 años de edad, que consultó por aumento de volumen nasofrontal, cefalea y diplopía. Tras el examen clínico, se evidenció una asimetría facial con lateralización del bulbo ocular derecho y exoftalmo. La tomografía de los senos paranasales mostró una lesión que ocupa parcialmente el seno frontal, etmoidal y parte de la cavidad nasal. Los cuidados anatómicos y planificación quirúrgica se desarrollaron en un modelo estereolitográfico mientras que la cirugía de exéresis total se realizó con ayuda del sistema piezoeléctrico. El examen histológico confirmó el diagnostico de osteoma. Se obtuvo una reconstrucción exitosa, recuperando totalmente simetría y función ocular.

Fronto-ethmoidal osteomas are the most frequent benign tumors of the paranasal sinuses, and may evolve with complications by compression of adjacent structures. The case is a 63-year-old female patient, who consulted about increased nasofrontal volume, headache and diplopia. After the clinical exam, she presented a facial asymmetry with lateralization of the right eyeball and exophthalmus. Computed tomography of the sinuses showed a lesion that partially occupies the frontal sinus, ethmoidal sinus and part of the nasal cavity. The anatomical care and surgical planning was developed in a stereolithographic model while the total excision surgery was performed with the help of the piezoelectric system. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteoma. A successful reconstruction is obtained, fully recovering symmetry and ocular function.

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Osteomas are benign osteogenic lesions that result from the proliferation of mature bone. Three variants are known: central, peripheral, and extraskeletal. The peripheral variant is the most common and it most frequently affects the paranasal sinuses, rarely occurring in the jaws. This article describes the case of a 33-year-old white male patient who was referred complaining of facial asymmetry. Clinical examination revealed an increase in volume at the base of the right side of the mandible, hard bony consistency and well delimited, painless to the touch, without signs of infection or intraoral alterations. Radiographic examination revealed an oval lobulated, radiopaque sessile lesion adhered to the mandibular base near the insertion of the masseter muscle. The patient reported practicing martial arts many years ago. Owing to the limited access, it was decided to perform the complete lesion removal through an extraoral surgical approach, by using a skin crease in the upper neck region below the lesion. The patient recovered well and the histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of osteoma. The etiopathogenesis of osteoma is not completely elucidated, and 3 theories are more accepted: developmental defect, neoplastic nature, and reactive lesion owing to trauma or local infection. The clinicopathological correlation in the present case supports a traumatic origin. Traumatic peripheral osteoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nodular bone-forming lesions affecting the mandible.

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We report enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) features based on clinical and imaging data from two newly diagnosed cases of choroidal osteoma presenting with recent visual loss secondary to choroidal neovascular membranes. The features described in the two cases, compression of the choriocapillaris and disorganization of the medium and large vessel layers, are consistent with those of previous reports. We noticed a sponge-like pattern previously reported, but it was subtle. Both lesions had multiple intralesional layers and a typical intrinsic transparency with visibility of the sclerochoroidal junction.

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ABSTRACT We report enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) features based on clinical and imaging data from two newly diagnosed cases of choroidal osteoma presenting with recent visual loss secondary to choroidal neovascular membranes. The features described in the two cases, compression of the choriocapillaris and disorganization of the medium and large vessel layers, are consistent with those of previous reports. We noticed a sponge-like pattern previously reported, but it was subtle. Both lesions had multiple intralesional layers and a typical intrinsic transparency with visibility of the sclerochoroidal junction.

RESUMO Relatamos as características na tomografia computadorizada óptica (EDI-OCT) de 2 pacientes recém diagnosticados com osteoma de coroide apresentando perda visual secundária à membranas neovasculares coroideanas. As características descritas em nossos 2 casos foram consistentes com trabalhos anteriores, exibindo a compressão da coriocapilar e desorganização das camadas médias e de grandes vasos. Notamos também o padrão em esponja anteriormente descrito, porém de forma discreta. Ambas as lesões tinham várias camadas intralesionais e uma transparência intrínseca típica com visibilidade da junção da esclero-coroideana.

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El osteoma cutis (OC) es una lesión compuesta de tejido óseo en dermis y/o hipodermis. Se clasifican en primarios, cuando se desarrollan en piel sana, y secundarios, cuando aparecen sobre lesiones preexistentes. Mujer de 61 años con antecedente de linfoma de Hodgkin en remisión, presentó una lesión de larga data, desarrollada en piel sana, en primer dedo de la mano izquierda, que cursaba con brotes recurrentes y autolimitados de dolor y aumento de temperatura local. La exploración física mostró un nódulo pétreo, con úlcera de fondo calcáreo. El estudio histopatológico de la biopsia escisional reveló tejido óseo, sin otras lesiones cutáneas asociadas. El estudio complementario, incluyendo hemograma, función renal y hepática, calcio y fósforo séricos, PTH, TSH, vitamina D y calciuria fue normal. Descartándose alteraciones en el metabolismo calcio-fosforo y otras lesiones cutáneas preexistentes, se realizó el diagnostico de OC primario en forma de placa. El OC es una lesión benigna, pudiendo ser primario o secundario. Los secundarios representan cerca del 85% y se originan por la osificación de lesiones preexistentes tumorales o inflamatorias. Los OC primarios se presentan aislados o formando parte de síndromes como la fibrodisplasia osificante progresiva, la osteodistrofia hereditaria de Albright y la heteroplasia osificante progresiva. A pesar de la asociación a mutaciones en GNAS de OC y estos síndromes, el diagnóstico de ambos es fundamentalmente clínico. Los OC primarios sin síndrome asociado, se dividen en osteomas miliares de la cara y osteomas en forma de placa (plate-like OC), como este caso. Ante un OC primario, debemos descartar síndromes asociados a osificaciones heterotópicas.

Osteoma cutis (OC) is a lesion composed of bone tissue located in the dermis and/or hypodermis. It is classified as primary when it develops over healthy skin; and secondary when it develops over preexisting lesions. A 61-year-old woman with history of Hodgkin lymphoma in remission, presents a longstanding lesion located on the first finger of her left hand which developed over healthy skin, associated with recurrent and self-limited episodes of pain and increased local temperature. Physical examination reveals a stone-hard nodule, with a calcareous-bottomed ulcer. The histopathological evaluation of the excisional biopsy revealed bone tissue. Complementary studies included: complete blood count, renal and hepatic function, plasma calcium and phosphorus, PTH, TSH, vitamin D, and urinary calcium, all of them in normal ranges. Once systemic disease was ruled out, platelike OC was diagnosed. OC is a benign lesion which can be primary or secondary. Secondary OC represent nearly 85% of cases, and it corresponds to an ossification of preexisting tumoral or inflammatory lesions. Primary OC is less frequent, it appears isolated or as part of syndromes like fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, Albright hereditary osteodystrophy, and progressive osseous heteroplasia. GNAS mutations have been described in primary OC as in these syndromes, but the final diagnosis relies on the clinical picture. Isolated primary OC is classified in milliary osteomas of the face and plate-like OC, like our case. When facing primary OC, syndromes that present with heterotopic ossification must be ruled out.

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Osteoma is an uncommon bone formation documented in avian species and other animals. A blue-fronted Amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva) with clinical respiratory symptoms was examined because of a hard mass present on the left nostril. Radiographs suggested a bone tumor, and the mass was surgically excised. Histopathologic examination revealed features of an osteoma. To our knowledge, this is the first description of an osteoma in a blue-fronted Amazon parrot. Osteoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in birds with respiratory distress and swelling of the nostril.

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