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Background: Chemodectomas, better known as tumors of the base of the heart, arise from aortic bodies, respiratory chemoreceptors located near or inside the aortic arch or originate from receptors located in the carotid arteries. Relatively rare, they affect dogs and, to a lesser extent, cats. They gain great importance when they influence the function of the cardiovascular system, with animals showing clinical signs related to congestive heart failure. Clinical diagnosis is based on symptomatology and complementary tests such as radiography, electrocardiography and echocardiography, while the definitive diagnosis is obtained by cytological and histopathological exams. This study aims to reports a case of malignant chemodectoma in a bitch, whose main symptomatology was neurological and not cardiovascular. Case: A 1-year-old Rottweiler bitch was attended with neurological alterations compatible with vestibular syndrome, hyporexia, dysphagia, apathy, melena, emesis, and purulent nasal discharge on the right nostril. On physical examination, the animal showed depressed level of consciousness, poor body condition, bilateral quemosis, paralysis of the right eye, inspiratory dyspnea and muffling of cardiac auscultation, besides a subcutaneous nodule between the scapulae. On neurological evaluation, horizontal nystagmus, head tilt to the right side, ventromedial strabismus and facial nerve paralysis on the right side were observed so that the localization of the lesion was set in peripheral vestibular system. During anesthesia for esophageal tube placement, a mass from the hard palate to the oropharynx was noted, making endotracheal intubation impossible to perform. Biopsy of this nodule was performed, and tracheostomy was indicated, but the owner opted for euthanasia before the procedure. Necropsy revealed white soft masses in the bilateral retromandibular region, on the subcutaneous tissue near the scapulae, in the right ear and since nasopharynx to the soft palate, in addition to sparse white nodules in the heart, lung, carotid artery, kidneys, right ovary, mesentery near to the spleen, and axillary lymph node. Histologically, the nodules were characterized by neoplastic cells population organized in short bundles or cords, arranged around small blood vessels surrounded by delicate connective tissue. Neoplastic cells infiltrated muscles and blood and lymphatic vessels were filled by multiple neoplastic emboli. The histological pattern of the cells allowed the diagnosis of chemodectoma. Discussion: The bitch from this case had 1-year-old when diagnosed with chemodectoma, differently from most cases from literature, that are between 7 to 15 years old. Furthermore, primarily cardiac tumors are considered rare, being chemodectoma the most common, often reported in Boxer and Boston Terrier dogs, but unusual in Rottweilers. Despites some articles mentioning seizure and Horner's Syndrome secondary to a carotid body chemodectoma, neurological signs are not commonly observed in these cases. The presence of the tumor in the middle ear region of the right side supports the occurrence of peripheral vestibular syndrome and facial nerve paralysis on the same side. Because it is a neoplasm that is usually detected late during the course of the disorder, most patients either cannot obtain diagnosis in vivo, as in this reported animal, which was in such a critical condition that underwent euthanasia, or there are no more possible therapeutic choices. In the patient described, there were numerous metastatic masses and nodules spread throughout the body. Although the typical clinical signs in animals with chemodectomas are often related to heart disease, neurological signs may also be present. This report emphasizes the importance of chemodectoma being included as a differential diagnosis in young dogs and even in breeds such as Rottweiler.

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Background: The chemodectoma is a rare neoplasm that originates from chemoreceptors located mainly in the aortic body,and carotid body and sinus, and responsible for detecting variations in blood pH, oxygen pressure and carbon dioxide. Dogsof brachiocephalic breeds and aged between 7 and 15 years have greater propensity. A neoplasm involves infiltrative growthin the vessels at the heart base, which leads to Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). The definitive diagnosis is performed byhistopathological and/or immunohistochemical examination. The aim was to report a case of chemiodectoma in a dog,showing the diseases clinical characteristics.Case: A 13-year-old male undefined breed dog was examinated in the medical clinic of small animal of Veterinary Hospital,Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) with respiratory effort, hyporexia, and edema in face, cervical, ventralthorax and thoracic limbs, with thirty days evoluted. About physical examination, we observed cachexia, orthopneic position, cyanosis and edema with a positive Godet sign, as well as 8% dehydration degree. Thoracic auscultation presentedmixed dyspnea and muffled heart sounds. Chest radiography detected an radiopacity increase in pulmonary section andmetastatic neoplastic process associated with pleural and pericardial effusion. Fluid therapy with lactated ringer and posteriorthoracentesis in the right hemithorax region was performed for greater respiratory comfort for the patient. Hematologicalcount and biochemical profiles stated normochromic normocytic anemia, relative and absolute lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, as well as increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The patient diedafter 12 hours when was submitted to necroscopic examination and histopathological evaluation. An infiltrative tumor ofcardiac base was observed invading the light of the right atrium, obstructing the venous return, as well as a large thrombus...(AU)

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Background: The chemodectoma is a rare neoplasm that originates from chemoreceptors located mainly in the aortic body,and carotid body and sinus, and responsible for detecting variations in blood pH, oxygen pressure and carbon dioxide. Dogsof brachiocephalic breeds and aged between 7 and 15 years have greater propensity. A neoplasm involves infiltrative growthin the vessels at the heart base, which leads to Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). The definitive diagnosis is performed byhistopathological and/or immunohistochemical examination. The aim was to report a case of chemiodectoma in a dog,showing the disease’s clinical characteristics.Case: A 13-year-old male undefined breed dog was examinated in the medical clinic of small animal of Veterinary Hospital,Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) with respiratory effort, hyporexia, and edema in face, cervical, ventralthorax and thoracic limbs, with thirty days evoluted. About physical examination, we observed cachexia, orthopneic position, cyanosis and edema with a positive Godet sign, as well as 8% dehydration degree. Thoracic auscultation presentedmixed dyspnea and muffled heart sounds. Chest radiography detected an radiopacity increase in pulmonary section andmetastatic neoplastic process associated with pleural and pericardial effusion. Fluid therapy with lactated ringer and posteriorthoracentesis in the right hemithorax region was performed for greater respiratory comfort for the patient. Hematologicalcount and biochemical profiles stated normochromic normocytic anemia, relative and absolute lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, as well as increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The patient diedafter 12 hours when was submitted to necroscopic examination and histopathological evaluation. An infiltrative tumor ofcardiac base was observed invading the light of the right atrium, obstructing the venous return, as well as a large thrombus...

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Background: The prevalence of neoplasms in domestic animals has been augmenting over the years. Hemangiosarcoma, which most frequently affects large breed dogs, is a neoplasm with high metastatic power and corresponds to 5% of malignant neoplasms. Chemodectoma, a neoplasm that can have malignant or benign behavior, is uncommon, corresponding to less than 8% of all cardiac tumors, and originates from cardiac chemoreceptor cells and involves mainly the aortic and carotid bodies. The aim of this study is to describe the case of an elderly Pit Bull dog with hepatic hemangiosarcoma and chemodectoma associated with four other different tumors: hemangioma, papilloma, mastocitoma and melanoma. Case: A 14-year-old female Pit Bull, castrated, was presented to Veterinary Clinic of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Curitibanos Campus, Brazil. The owner referred apathy, hyporexia, and increased abdominal volume for two weeks. Physical examination showed emaciation and abdominal effusion. Abdominocentesis was performed, three liters of serosanguineous fluid was drained and a sample was sent for analysis. Complementary tests were requested and showed mild hypoalbuminemia, normocytic normochromic anemia, and lymphopenia. The ultrasound examination revealed thickening of vessels and hepatomegaly, in addition to the presence of an oval structure containing hyperechogenic cavitations. Diagnostic exploratory laparotomy was indicated, but the owner refused. Drug therapy was prescribed in a palliative manner and, during the clinical follow-up period, two abdominocentesis procedures and one thoracentesis procedure were performed, both resulting in simple transudate. Finally, the patient developed severe apathy, edema in all limbs, and died at home. Necroscopic examination was done and revealed hemoperitoneum and hemothorax...(AU)

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Background: The prevalence of neoplasms in domestic animals has been augmenting over the years. Hemangiosarcoma, which most frequently affects large breed dogs, is a neoplasm with high metastatic power and corresponds to 5% of malignant neoplasms. Chemodectoma, a neoplasm that can have malignant or benign behavior, is uncommon, corresponding to less than 8% of all cardiac tumors, and originates from cardiac chemoreceptor cells and involves mainly the aortic and carotid bodies. The aim of this study is to describe the case of an elderly Pit Bull dog with hepatic hemangiosarcoma and chemodectoma associated with four other different tumors: hemangioma, papilloma, mastocitoma and melanoma. Case: A 14-year-old female Pit Bull, castrated, was presented to Veterinary Clinic of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Curitibanos Campus, Brazil. The owner referred apathy, hyporexia, and increased abdominal volume for two weeks. Physical examination showed emaciation and abdominal effusion. Abdominocentesis was performed, three liters of serosanguineous fluid was drained and a sample was sent for analysis. Complementary tests were requested and showed mild hypoalbuminemia, normocytic normochromic anemia, and lymphopenia. The ultrasound examination revealed thickening of vessels and hepatomegaly, in addition to the presence of an oval structure containing hyperechogenic cavitations. Diagnostic exploratory laparotomy was indicated, but the owner refused. Drug therapy was prescribed in a palliative manner and, during the clinical follow-up period, two abdominocentesis procedures and one thoracentesis procedure were performed, both resulting in simple transudate. Finally, the patient developed severe apathy, edema in all limbs, and died at home. Necroscopic examination was done and revealed hemoperitoneum and hemothorax...

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Background: Aortic body paragangliomas are uncommon neoplasms that develop mainly in aortic and carotid bodies. It has been supposed that genetic factors and chronic hypoxia may stimulate tumor development. The brachycephalic dog breeds, as Boxer, are most predisposed to present this neoplasm. The clinical symptomatology is related to tumor size and localization. Usually aortic body paraganglioma has benign biological behavior, when it is malignant, rarely promotes metastases. The aim of this study was to report a case of the aortic body paraganglioma as death cause in a dog. Case: A canine, 10-year-old, male, cross breed, presented clinical signs as anorexia, emesis, cough, dyspnea and exercise intolerance. After death the animal was examined at the Department of Veterinary Pathology at the Federal Rural University of Amazonia. On necropsy, no pericardial effusion was identified, however pleural and abdominal effusion was observed, volume like 1000 and 700 mL, respectively. The heart had a neoplasm near the left atrium, it measured 6.5 x 8.2 cm, had irregular surface, firm consistency, grayish color, and at the cut showed infiltration in the myocardium, as well as obstruction of the left atrial lumen and left ventricle concentric hypertrophy. No distant metastases were found. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of polyhedral morphology cells, eosinophilic cytoplasm, spherical and hyperchromatic nucleus. Cells were grouped into lobes separated by fibrovascular stroma, large cells (less uniform cells), low mitotic rate and myocardial infiltration. On immunohistochemical analysis anti-cytokeratin, anti-vimentin and anti-S-100 antibodies were used. Tumour cells stained was absent for anti-cytokeratin and anti-vimentin, but was anti-S-100 positive. A case of malignant aortic body paraganglioma grade II was diagnosed.[…](AU)

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Background: Aortic body paragangliomas are uncommon neoplasms that develop mainly in aortic and carotid bodies. It has been supposed that genetic factors and chronic hypoxia may stimulate tumor development. The brachycephalic dog breeds, as Boxer, are most predisposed to present this neoplasm. The clinical symptomatology is related to tumor size and localization. Usually aortic body paraganglioma has benign biological behavior, when it is malignant, rarely promotes metastases. The aim of this study was to report a case of the aortic body paraganglioma as death cause in a dog. Case: A canine, 10-year-old, male, cross breed, presented clinical signs as anorexia, emesis, cough, dyspnea and exercise intolerance. After death the animal was examined at the Department of Veterinary Pathology at the Federal Rural University of Amazonia. On necropsy, no pericardial effusion was identified, however pleural and abdominal effusion was observed, volume like 1000 and 700 mL, respectively. The heart had a neoplasm near the left atrium, it measured 6.5 x 8.2 cm, had irregular surface, firm consistency, grayish color, and at the cut showed infiltration in the myocardium, as well as obstruction of the left atrial lumen and left ventricle concentric hypertrophy. No distant metastases were found. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of polyhedral morphology cells, eosinophilic cytoplasm, spherical and hyperchromatic nucleus. Cells were grouped into lobes separated by fibrovascular stroma, large cells (less uniform cells), low mitotic rate and myocardial infiltration. On immunohistochemical analysis anti-cytokeratin, anti-vimentin and anti-S-100 antibodies were used. Tumour cells stained was absent for anti-cytokeratin and anti-vimentin, but was anti-S-100 positive. A case of malignant aortic body paraganglioma grade II was diagnosed.[…]

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O quimiodectoma corresponde à neoplasia dos quimiorreceptores periféricos que detectam alterações de pH, temperatura e pressões parciais de O2 e CO2 na corrente sanguínea. A partir desta detecção, esses transmitem impulsos nervosos para os centros cerebrais respiratórios e cardíacos para promoção da homeostase, através do sistema nervoso autônomo. Em levantamento bibliográfico há relato de apenas dois casos em equinos, um no corpo aórtico de uma fêmea de 5 anos e em um macho castrado de 13 anos de idade. O objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar um caso de quimiodectoma em equino diagnosticado em necropsia no Hospital Veterinário de Uberaba.(AU)

The chemodectoma corresponds to the peripheral chemoreceptors neoplasia which detect changes in pH, temperature and partial pressures of 02 and C02 in the bloodstream. From this detection, these transmit nerve impulses to the brain respiratory and cardiac centers to promote homeostasis, through the autonomic nervous system. In literature there are reports of only two cases in horses, one in aortic body of a female of 5 years and in a castrated male 13 years old. The aim of this study is to report a case of chemodectomaequinus diagnosed at autopsy at the Veterinary Hospital of Uberaba.(AU)

El quimiodectoma corresponde a la neoplasia de los quimiorreceptores periféricos que detectan alteraciones de pH, temperatura y presiones parciales de O2 y CO2 en la corrí ente sanguínea. A partir de esta detección, estos transmiten impulsos nerviosos para los centros cerebrales, respiratorios y cardíacos para promoción de la homeostase, através del sistema nervioso autónomo. En el levantamiento bibliográfico, hay relatos de apenas dos casos en equinos, uno en el cuerpo aórtico de una hembra de 5 anos yotro en un macho castrado de 13 anos de edad. El objetivo del presente trabajo es relatar un caso de quimiodectoma en equino diagnosticado en necropsia en el Hospital Veterinário de Uberaba.(AU)

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O quimiodectoma corresponde à neoplasia dos quimiorreceptores periféricos que detectam alterações de pH, temperatura e pressões parciais de O2 e CO2 na corrente sanguínea. A partir desta detecção, esses transmitem impulsos nervosos para os centros cerebrais respiratórios e cardíacos para promoção da homeostase, através do sistema nervoso autônomo. Em levantamento bibliográfico há relato de apenas dois casos em equinos, um no corpo aórtico de uma fêmea de 5 anos e em um macho castrado de 13 anos de idade. O objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar um caso de quimiodectoma em equino diagnosticado em necropsia no Hospital Veterinário de Uberaba.

The chemodectoma corresponds to the peripheral chemoreceptors neoplasia which detect changes in pH, temperature and partial pressures of 02 and C02 in the bloodstream. From this detection, these transmit nerve impulses to the brain respiratory and cardiac centers to promote homeostasis, through the autonomic nervous system. In literature there are reports of only two cases in horses, one in aortic body of a female of 5 years and in a castrated male 13 years old. The aim of this study is to report a case of chemodectomaequinus diagnosed at autopsy at the Veterinary Hospital of Uberaba.

El quimiodectoma corresponde a la neoplasia de los quimiorreceptores periféricos que detectan alteraciones de pH, temperatura y presiones parciales de O2 y CO2 en la corrí ente sanguínea. A partir de esta detección, estos transmiten impulsos nerviosos para los centros cerebrales, respiratorios y cardíacos para promoción de la homeostase, através del sistema nervioso autónomo. En el levantamiento bibliográfico, hay relatos de apenas dos casos en equinos, uno en el cuerpo aórtico de una hembra de 5 anos yotro en un macho castrado de 13 anos de edad. El objetivo del presente trabajo es relatar un caso de quimiodectoma en equino diagnosticado en necropsia en el Hospital Veterinário de Uberaba.

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Quimiodectomas de corpo carotídeo são tumores raros e de interesse na clínica veterinária, devido ao seu modo de apresentação e desafio em relação a abordagem clínica e cirúrgica. Desenvolvem-se como aumento de volume no pescoço, que normalmente é diagnosticado quando se faz necessária a resseção cirúrgica. Descreve-se o caso de cão da raça Beagle de 10 anos de idade, atendido no Hospital Veterinário Clinivet, na cidade de Curitiba- PR, com aumento de volume em região ventro-lateral direita do pescoço, de forma nodular, medindo em torno de 7 centímetros de diâmetro, de consistência firme e aderido ao tecido muscular. Ao exame clínico e físico não foi notado por à palpação, observou-se um aumento discreto dos linfonodos poplíteos e demais parâmetros sem alteração. Radiografias torácicas e cervicais revelaram desvio lateral da traquéia em região cervical para a esquerda, causado por massa de radiopacidade de tecidos moles. A área pulmonar mostrou-se sem alterações, assim como a silhueta cardíaca. Hemograma demonstrou discreta linfopenia. Foi preconizado a biópsia para a coleta de fragmento e o exame histopatológico concluiu ser quimiodectoma de corpo carotídeo. O paciente foi medicado com doses diárias de prednisona. Este sobreviveu durante dois anos e nove meses sem alterações em relação ao tamanho do tumor. Porém, devido ao avançado da idade, o proprietário optou pela eutanásia. Foi permitida a realização da necropsia e constatou-se redução acentuada da massa neoplásica cervical, que mediu cerca de 2 centímetros de diâmetro, de características calcificadas em seu interior. Nos demais órgãos não se observaram alterações significantes. Embora a resseção cirúrgica do quimiodectoma de corpo carotídeo tenha resultados satisfatórios conforme a literatura, a morbidade ainda é um problema significante e pode debilitar o paciente(AU)

Carotid body chemodectoma are rare tumors which have veterinary clinical interest due to their way of presentation and to the challenge they mean in relation to clinical and surgical approach. They develop as an increasing volume on the neck and are usually diagnosed when surgical resection is necessary. A 10-year-old Beagle dog, presented to the Clinivet Veterinary Hospital in Curitiba city, with an increasing volume on the ventro-lateral area of the neck, with nodular form, measuring around 7 centimeters of diameter, firm consistence and adhered to muscular tissue. During the clinical and physical examinations, no pain was noted on palpation. Popliteal lymphonodus was slightly increased and did not present alterations in other parameters. Thoracic and cervical radiographs revealed lateral deviation of the trachea in the cervical area to the left, caused by a radiopaque mass of soft tissue. Pulmonary area did not show alterations, and neither the cardiac silhouette. Hemogram demonstrated lymphopenia. Biopsy to collect a fragment was preconized and the histopathological exam concluded to be a carotid body chemodectoma. Medication with diary doses of prednisone was done. This patient survived during 2 years and 9 months without alterations of the tumor size. However, due to its advanced age, the owner made a choice for the euthanasia. Necropsy was consented and a pronounced reduction of the cervical neoplastic mass was evidenced, which measured about 2 centimeters of diameter, with calcified characteristics inside. In other organs, no significant alterations were observed. Although the surgical resection of the carotid body chemodectoma usually presents satisfactory results in accordance to the literature, morbidity is still a significant problem and can debilitate to the patient(AU)

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