RESUMO
Background: Echinochrome A (EchA) is a pigment from sea urchins. EchA is a polyhydroxylated 1,4-naphthoquinone that contains several hydroxyl groups appropriate for free-radical scavenging and preventing redox imbalance. EchA is the most studied molecule of this family and is an active principle approved to be used in humans, usually for cardiopathies and glaucoma. EchA is used as a pharmaceutical drug. Methods: A comprehensive literature and patent search review was undertaken using PubMed, as well as Google Scholar and Espacenet search engines to review these areas. Conclusions: In the bloodstream, EchA can mediate cellular responses, act as a radical scavenger, and activate the glutathione pathway. It decreases ROS imbalance, prevents and limits lipid peroxidation, and enhances mitochondrial functions. Most importantly, EchA contributes to the modulation of the immune system. EchA can regulate the generation of regulatory T cells, inhibit pro-inflammatory IL-1ß and IL-6 cytokine production, while slightly reducing IL-8, TNF-α, INF-α, and NKT, thus correcting immune imbalance. These characteristics suggest that EchA is a candidate drug to alleviate the cytokine storm syndrome (CSS).
Assuntos
Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina/tratamento farmacológico , Naftoquinonas/farmacologia , Naftoquinonas/uso terapêutico , Pigmentos Biológicos/farmacologia , Pigmentos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Ouriços-do-Mar/química , Animais , Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina/metabolismo , Humanos , Imunidade/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxirredução/efeitos dos fármacos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismoRESUMO
An original treatment of Telangiectasias based in microsurgery, with venous destruction and collagen-pigment implant (procedure called "Chromatic micropuncture"), is exposed.