RESUMO
Infections of the respiratory system are responsible for the majority of hospitalizations and deaths in pediatric patients in developing countries. We selected 177 necropsies of pediatric patients who died as a result of serious respiratory infections. The histopathological findings and epidemiological data were reviewed, and lung tissue samples were separated for immunohistochemistry testing. Conventional immunohistochemistry techniques were used to detect viral antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FF-PE) lung tissue samples using a pool of monoclonal antibodies against respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A and B, adenovirus, and parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3 viruses) as primary antibodies. The histopathological findings were classified into bronchopneumonia (BCP) and interstitial pneumonitis (IP) patterns. The immunohistochemistry results were compared with histopathological patterns and epidemiological data. Positive results for viruses were found in 34% and 62.5% of the BCP and IP cases, respectively. Males and infants below 1 year of age were more frequent in the group that had positive results for viruses. Acute enteritis was the main cause of hospitalization and sepsis the most frequent cause of death in this group. A clear seasonal distribution was observed, with the majority of cases occurring in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters (autumn and winter) of each year in the period studied. Immunohistochemistry is an affordable and easy-to-perform method for viral-antigen detection in FF-PE tissue samples. Although BCP is a classic histopathological pattern found in bacterial infections, it is possible that children with serious respiratory infections had concomitant viral and bacterial infections, regardless of their previous immunologic state.
Assuntos
Broncopneumonia/virologia , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/virologia , Infecções por Pneumovirus/virologia , Pneumovirus/isolamento & purificação , Antígenos Virais/análise , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Brasil/epidemiologia , Broncopneumonia/epidemiologia , Broncopneumonia/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , Lactente , Pulmão/virologia , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/epidemiologia , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/patologia , Masculino , Pneumovirus/imunologia , Infecções por Pneumovirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Pneumovirus/patologiaRESUMO
Chicken and turkey serum samples were obtained and tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to establish the presence or absence of antibodies to avian pneumovirus in the commercial poultry population of Chile. A total of 600 serum samples representing 15 different poultry farms of the central region of Chile were considered. These samples were obtained from 52 different flocks and included 220 turkey and 380 chicken sera. The results showed three flocks of market turkeys belonging to the same farm and three flocks of laying chickens of three different farms to be positive to antibody against pneumovirus. These results provide serologic evidence for the presence of pneumovirus in Chilean poultry.