RESUMO
Mexico recently voted to implement front-of-pack warning labels on food and beverage products deemed high in calories, sugar, saturated fat, trans fat, and sodium, and those containing non-caloric sweeteners. Research shows that warning labels allow consumers to quickly identify healthy and unhealthy products. Supporters claim these labels can help people make healthier decisions and combat growing rates of obesity and diet-related diseases. Warning labels will replace the Guideline Daily Amount (GDA) nutrition labels, which were implemented in 2014 against the guidance of public health leaders who argued the GDA was hard to understand and ineffective at conveying health risks. Conflicting interests between public health, government, and food industry slowed efforts to adopt a new nutrition label. Actions by academia and civil society to change the GDA were met with common strategies used to interfere in public health policies. However, in 2019, several factors came together to create favorable conditions for the approval of warning labels. The new leftist government's public promises to fight corruption fit well with labeling advocates' calls for transparency. Civil society and academia developed a highly coordinated response thanks to international funding, which propelled extensive marketing campaigns around the country and supported research efforts. These actions helped make the topic visible and place it strategically in the political and public agendas. Despite this legislative victory, the opposition has been strong and there are struggles ahead. Only time will reveal how effectively the law is implemented and to what extent it is upheld and defended.
Assuntos
Rotulagem de Alimentos/legislação & jurisprudência , Política Nutricional/tendências , Política , Indústria Alimentícia/legislação & jurisprudência , Rotulagem de Alimentos/tendências , Qualidade dos Alimentos , Humanos , México , Saúde Pública/legislação & jurisprudência , Saúde Pública/métodosRESUMO
This article highlights the important contributions that the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama longitudinal study has made to global development efforts. The studies have made a unique contribution to our understanding of the role of early life nutrition on many outcomes of interest to the global nutrition community and have strengthened narratives such as human capital.
Assuntos
Ciências da Nutrição Infantil/tendências , Saúde Global/tendências , Política Nutricional/tendências , Capital Social , Criança , Ciências da Nutrição Infantil/economia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Saúde Global/economia , Guatemala , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Investimentos em Saúde , América Latina , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Política Nutricional/economia , Formulação de Políticas , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Apoio à Pesquisa como AssuntoRESUMO
Objetivo: descrever a adequação de práticas alimentares às recomendações do Guia alimentar para a população brasileira e analisar fatores sociodemográficos associados, entre adultos. Métodos: estudo transversal, com amostra de conveniência de 900 adultos (18-60 anos) residentes no território brasileiro; uma escala de práticas alimentares (24 itens; escore 0-72), baseada nas recomendações do Guia, foi aplicada por meio de um painel on-line; análises de regressão linear múltipla foram empregadas. Resultados: os participantes do estudo tinham, em média, 33,5 anos; 52,2% eram mulheres; o escore médio na escala foi de 36,4 pontos (DP=8,5), e mostrou-se diretamente associado à idade (p tendência linear <0,001), e maior entre indivíduos residentes nas regiões Norte-Nordeste (37,8) comparados aos das regiões Centro-Sul (35,8) (p T-teste=0,001). Conclusão: a adequação das práticas alimentares às recomendações do Guia esteve diretamente associada à idade, e foi maior entre indivíduos das regiões Norte e Nordeste do país.
Objetivo: describir la adecuación de las prácticas alimentarias a la 'Guía alimentaria para la población brasileña' y analizar la asociación con variables sociodemográficas entre adultos brasileños. Métodos: se aplicó una escala (24 ítems; score 0-72) basada en las recomendaciones de la Guía a una muestra por conveniencia de 900 adultos que viven en territorio brasileño (panel online); también se obtuvieron datos de género, lugar de residencia, nivel socioeconómico y edad; se efectuaron los análisis estadísticos con regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: la edad promedio de los participantes fue de 33,5 años; el 52,0% era mujeres; el score promedio fue de 36,4 (SD=8,5); la puntuación se asoció directamente con la edad (p tendencia lineal <0,001) y fue mayor entre las personas del Norte-Nordeste (37,8) que entre las del Centro-Sur (35,8) del país (p T-test=0,001). Conclusión: la adecuación de las prácticas alimentarias a la Guía fue asociada a la edad y a la región de residencia de los individuos.
Objective: to describe the adequacy of dietary practices in relation to the Dietary guidelines for the brazilian population, and to analyze associated factors among Brazilian adults. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of 900 adults (18-60 years old) resident in Brazil; a dietary practices scale (24 items; score 0-72) based on the Guideline recommendations was administered using an online panel; multiple linear regression analysis was used. Results: participants' mean age was 33.5 years and 52.0% of them were women; the mean score on the scale was 36.4 points (SD=8.5); scores were directly associated with age (linear trend p<0.001), and were higher among people from the North-Northeast regions (37.8), compared to those from the Midwest-Southern regions (35.8) (T-test p=0.001). Conclusion: the adequacy of dietary practices in keeping with Guideline recommendations was associated with age and region of residence.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Inquéritos Nutricionais/estatística & dados numéricos , Política Nutricional/tendências , Guias Alimentares , Comportamento Alimentar , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Fatores Etários , Dieta Saudável/tendênciasRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The need to promote the right to nutritional care, to fight against malnutrition and to advance in education and research in clinical nutrition has led all the FELANPE's societies to sign on May 3rd, during the 33rd Congress of the Colombian Clinical Nutrition Association (ACNC) in the city of Cartagena, the International Declaration on the Right to Nutritional Care and the Fight against Malnutrition, "Declaration of Cartagena". The Declaration provides a coherent framework of 13 principles which can serve as a guide for societies, schools and associations affiliated to FELANPE in the development of action plans. In addition, it will serve as an instrument to promote, through governments, the formulation of policies and legislation in the field of clinical nutrition. We believe that the general framework of principles proposed by the Declaration can contribute to raise awareness about the magnitude of this problem and to promote cooperation networks among Latin-American countries. Although this Declaration does not have a binding legal effect, it has an undeniable moral strength and it can provide practical guidance to States. An implementation program will allow developing a toolkit to transform principles into actions.
INTRODUCCIÓN: Frente a la necesidad de promover el derecho al cuidado nutricional, de luchar contra la malnutrición y de avanzar en temas de educación e investigación en nutrición clínica, las sociedades que constituyen la FELANPE firmaron la Declaración Internacional sobre el Derecho al Cuidado Nutricional y la Lucha contra la Malnutrición, "Declaración de Cartagena", el 3 de mayo del presente año en la ciudad de Cartagena, en el marco del 33º Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Nutrición Clínica. La Declaración proporciona un marco coherente de 13 principios, los cuales podrán servir de guía a las sociedades afiliadas a la FELANPE en el desarrollo de los planes de acción. Además, servirá como un instrumento para que promuevan, a través de los gobiernos, la formulación de políticas y legislaciones en el campo de la nutrición clínica. Consideramos que el marco general de principios propuesto por la Declaración puede contribuir a crear conciencia acerca de la magnitud de este problema y a forjar redes de cooperación entre los países de la región. Aunque esta Declaración no tiene un efecto jurídico vinculante (obligatorio), tiene una fuerza moral innegable y puede proporcionar orientación práctica a los estados. Un plan de implementación permitirá desarrollar la caja de herramientas necesaria para transformar los principios en acciones.
Assuntos
Direitos Humanos , Cooperação Internacional , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Política Nutricional , Temas Bioéticos , Colômbia , Prestação Integrada de Cuidados de Saúde , Indústria Farmacêutica/ética , Indústria Alimentícia/ética , Abastecimento de Alimentos , Guias como Assunto , Humanos , Cooperação Internacional/legislação & jurisprudência , América Latina , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Política Nutricional/legislação & jurisprudência , Política Nutricional/tendências , Ciências da Nutrição/educação , Apoio Nutricional , Cultura Organizacional , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/organização & administração , Participação do Paciente , PesquisaRESUMO
Tomado como punto de partida el concepto de autonomía desarrollado por la bioética americana y tras realizar una revisión actualizada de las políticas públicas en nutrición en Uruguay, se presenta un análisis de los problemas que han tenido estas en relación a la noción objeto de estudio. La investigación fue basada en una revisión de puntos de referencia históricos en el campo de políticas que fueron concebidas por el Estado para combatir los problemas nutricionales. Se revisaron documentos del gobierno fueron publicados al efecto, tales como: programas, planes y guías. En el análisis se discuten los valores que tradicionalmente han sido identificados como derechos básicos de autonomía y aspectos que la rodean y, en cierto modo, son determinantes a la hora de las elecciones individuales y las posibilidades reales de los individuos de elegir con libertad. La finalidad del presente trabajo es hacer un recorrido de las políticas nutricionales del Estado uruguayo desde mediados del siglo xx hasta la actualidad, enfatizando en la injerencia de estas en la construcción de la autonomía(AU)
Based on the concept of autonomy developed by American bioethics and after carrying out an updated review of the public nutritional policies in Uruguay, it is presented an analysis of the problems that these policies had in relation to this concept. The research was based in a review of the historical points of reference in the field of policies that were designed by the State to combat nutritional problems. Government documents which were published as programmes, plans and guides were reviewed. The analysis discusses the values that have traditionally been identified as basic rights of autonomy and aspects that surround it, and that in some way are determinants when individual choices and the real possibilities of individuals to choose freely appear. The purpose of this study is to show the nutritional policies of the Uruguayan State, from the mid twentieth century to the present, emphasizing their interference in the construction of autonomy(AU)
Assuntos
Programas de Nutrição/história , Bioética , Política Nutricional/tendências , Autonomia Pessoal , UruguaiRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A healthy diet is the cornerstone of disease prevention, and dietary guidelines have been issued in most countries. We aimed to assess trends in compliance with dietary guidelines in the population of Geneva, Switzerland. METHODS: Multiple cross-sectional, population-based surveys conducted between 1993 and 2016 in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland [20,310 participants (52.3% women, mean age 51.9 ± 10.7 years)]. Trends in compliance with the Swiss dietary guidelines regarding food intake were assessed using logistic regression (a) for each guideline and (b) for at least three guidelines. Compliance before and after the first and second issuing of the guidelines was assessed. RESULTS: After multivariable adjustment, compliance with fruits increased overall [odds ratio and (95% confidence interval) for 1-year increase: 1.007 (1.003-1.012), p < 0.001], in men, participants aged over 45 and with low educational level. Compliance with vegetables increased overall [1.015 (1.008-1.022), p < 0.001], in both genders, age groups [45-54 and 55-64] and participants with low educational level. Compliance with meat increased in women [1.007 (1.001-1.013), p = 0.021] and participants with a university degree. Compliance with fresh fish increased in age group [55-64] [1.009 (1.000-1.018), p = 0.041]. Compliance with dairy products decreased overall [0.979 (0.972-0.986), p < 0.001] and in all groups studied, except for age group [65-74]. Compliance with at least three guidelines increased in age group [55-64] only [1.013 (1.002-1.024), p = 0.019]. No effect of the issuing of the guidelines was found. CONCLUSION: In the Geneva adult population, compliance with the Swiss dietary guidelines improved little. Issuing of dietary guidelines did not impact trends.