RESUMO
Rodents are the largest and most diverse group of mammals. Covering a wide range of structural and functional adaptations, rodents successfully occupy virtually every terrestrial habitat, and they are often found in close association with humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Although a significant amount of research has focused on rodents' prominence as known reservoirs of zoonotic viruses, there has been less emphasis on the viral ecology of rodents in general. Here, we utilized a viral metagenomics approach to investigate polyomaviruses in wild rodents from the Baja California peninsula, Mexico, using fecal samples. We identified a novel polyomavirus in fecal samples from two rodent species, a spiny pocket mouse (Chaetodipus spinatus) and a Dulzura kangaroo rat (Dipodomys simulans). These two polyomaviruses represent a new species in the genus Betapolyomavirus. Sequences of this polyomavirus cluster phylogenetically with those of other rodent polyomaviruses and two other non-rodent polyomaviruses (WU and KI) that have been identified in the human respiratory tract. Through our continued work on seven species of rodents, we endeavor to explore the viral diversity associated with wild rodents on the Baja California peninsula and expand on current knowledge of rodent viral ecology and evolution.
Assuntos
Polyomavirus , Roedores , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Polyomavirus/genética , México , Polyomaviridae , Animais DomésticosRESUMO
The nearly complete genome sequence of a novel polyomavirus from blood samples of Akodon montensis and Calomys tener collected in Brazil was determined by high-throughput sequencing. This virus showed a typical polyomaviruses genome organization, and it was classified as a member of the genus Betapolyomavirus. Our results expand the host range and viral diversity of the family Polyomaviridae.
Assuntos
Antígenos Virais de Tumores/genética , Genoma Viral/genética , Polyomaviridae , Sigmodontinae/virologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos/genética , Animais , Brasil , Especificidade de Hospedeiro , Filogenia , Polyomaviridae/classificação , Polyomaviridae/genética , Polyomaviridae/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
A new real-time PCR assay for trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) DNA detection was designed, and blood samples from kidney transplant recipients and healthy individuals were screened. TSPyV-DNA was not detected in blood from healthy individuals, but 26.8% of kidney recipients presented TSPyV-DNA. This is the first report of TSPyV viremia.
Assuntos
Sangue/virologia , DNA Viral/sangue , Doenças do Cabelo/virologia , Polyomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Polyomavirus/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polyomaviridae/genética , Transplantados , Viremia/diagnósticoRESUMO
Bats are the natural reservoir of a variety of viruses, including a polyomavirus (PyV) from a North American brown bat. We investigated 163 spleen samples from 22 bat species from French Guiana for the presence of PyVs. In total, we detected 25 PyV-positive animals belonging to nine different bat species. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the genomes of eight representative PyVs, and showed that the bat PyVs form three distinct lineages within the genus Orthopolyomavirus and are genetically different from the previously described North American bat virus. Interestingly, two lineages cluster with PyVs found in chimpanzees, orangutans and gorillas. In addition, one group of bat PyVs is genetically related to the human Merkel cell polyomavirus.
Assuntos
Quirópteros/virologia , Polyomaviridae/genética , Polyomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Polyomavirus/genética , Polyomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária , Reservatórios de Doenças/virologia , Guiana Francesa , Genoma Viral , Gorilla gorilla/virologia , Humanos , Poliomavírus das Células de Merkel/classificação , Poliomavírus das Células de Merkel/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Pan troglodytes/virologia , Filogenia , Polyomaviridae/classificação , Polyomavirus/classificação , Pongo/virologia , América do Sul , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
The computed tomographic (CT) scans of 10 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had central nervous system (CNS) involvement by cytomegalovirus (CMV) were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with clinical data and pathologic findings. Diagnosis was established in all 10 patients by autopsy, which showed the pathognomonic "owl's eye" intracellular inclusions of CMV. In six patients CMV caused an initial CNS infection that was directly responsible for the patient's progressive encephalopathy and death. In four patients CMV caused a superimposed nondominant CNS infection that had no clinical expression in two. Cortical atrophy and mild hydrocephalus ex vacuo were seen on CT in all 10 patients. Positive findings on CT that could be attributed to infection with CMV were present in only three of the 10 patients, and in these three symptomatic cases autopsy correlation revealed that CT underestimated the degree of CNS involvement. In the other three symptomatic patients, CT showed no parenchymal abnormalities, while autopsy demonstrated diffuse cerebral involvement. In the four patients whose CNS was secondarily involved by CMV, CT showed changes proven at autopsy to be related only to the dominant infection with Toxoplasma gondii and to postoperative hematomas. CT did not demonstrate any abnormalities at the sites of CMV involvement, which were found at autopsy in this latter group. It was concluded that CT is not very sensitive for the detection of CMV encephalitis.