RESUMO
The objective of this study was to determine whether Staphylococcus aureus chronic intramammary infection (IMI) influences expression of proteins related to regulation of proliferation and apoptosis processes and proliferation/apoptosis index during active involution in bovine mammary gland. Twenty-one Holstein non-pregnant cows in late lactation either uninfected or with chronic naturally acquired S. aureus IMI were included in this study. Cows were slaughtered at 7, 14 and 21 d after cessation of milking and samples for immunohistochemical analysis were taken. Protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Fas and active caspase-3 in mammary tissue was significantly affected by chronic S. aureus IMI, all showing increased immunoexpression in S. aureus-infected quarters at all involution stages. The percentage of apoptotic cells was increased by IMI in both mammary parenchyma and stroma, and the percentage of parenchymal and stromal cell proliferation was also increased. The proliferation/apoptosis ratio was significantly increased by IMI only in stromal cells. This imbalance to favour proliferation in S. aureus-infected mammary quarters could be one of the underlying causes that induce aberrant involution with permanence of nonsecretory tissue and increase of stromal components.
Assuntos
Apoptose , Proliferação de Células , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/patologia , Mastite Bovina/patologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/veterinária , Animais , Caspase 3/análise , Bovinos , Proteína Ligante Fas/análise , Feminino , Imuno-Histoquímica , Marcação In Situ das Extremidades Cortadas/veterinária , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/química , Mastite Bovina/microbiologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/análise , Infecções Estafilocócicas/patologia , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/análiseRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Lupus erythematosus is a multisystemic disease that is characterized by autoantibody production and immune complex deposition in such tissues as the mucosa, joints, the central nervous system, and skin. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus is categorized as acute, subacute, and chronic. Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus comprises discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and lupus profundus (LP). AIM: To analyze the expression of proapoptotic molecules in patients with lupus erythematosus discoid and lupus profundus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study, the study groups comprised 10 cases of LP and 10 cases of DLE, and a control. Skin samples of cases and controls were processed for immunohistochemistry and by TUNEL technique. The database and statistical analysis was performed (statistical test X(2)) SPSS (Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS: Apoptotic features were broadly distributed along the skin biopsies in epidermal keratinocytes as well as at dermis. By immunohistochemistry the expression of Fas receptor and Fas-L was higher in the skin of lupus patients compared with controls. We also noted differences in Fas-L, -Fas, and -Bax proteins expression intensity in discoid lupus erythematosus patients in the epidermis, and hair follicles. CONCLUSIONS: Fas and Fas-L are expressed similarly in LP and DLE.
Assuntos
Apoptose , Lúpus Eritematoso Cutâneo/patologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Discoide/patologia , Paniculite de Lúpus Eritematoso/patologia , Pele/patologia , Biomarcadores/análise , Biópsia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Proteína Ligante Fas/análise , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Marcação In Situ das Extremidades Cortadas , Lúpus Eritematoso Cutâneo/metabolismo , Lúpus Eritematoso Discoide/metabolismo , Paniculite de Lúpus Eritematoso/metabolismo , Pele/química , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/análise , Receptor fas/análiseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Few studies evaluated the association between nutritional disorders, quality of life and weight loss in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. AIM: To identify nutritional changes in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and correlate them with weight loss, control of comorbidities and quality of life. METHOD: A prospective cohort, analytical and descriptive study involving 59 patients undergoing bariatric surgery was done. Data were collected preoperatively at three and six months postoperatively, evaluating nutritional aspects and outcomes using BAROS questionnaire. The data had a confidence interval of 95%. RESULTS: The majority of patients was composed of women, 47 (79.7%), with 55.9% of the series with BMI between 40 to 49.9 kg/m². In the sixth month after surgery scores of quality of life were significantly higher than preoperatively (p<0.05) and 27 (67.5 %) patients had comorbidities resolved, 48 (81.3 %) presented BAROS scores of very good or excellent. After three and six months of surgery 16 and 23 presented some nutritional disorder, respectively. There was no relationship between the loss of excess weight and quality of life among patients with or without nutritional disorders. CONCLUSION: Nutritional disorders are uncommon in the early postoperative period and, when present, have little or no influence on quality of life and loss of excess weight. .
RACIONAL: Poucos estudos avaliam a associação entre distúrbios nutricionais, qualidade de vida e perda de peso em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. OBJETIVO: Identificar alterações nutricionais em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica e correlacioná-las com perda de peso, controle de comorbidades e qualidade de vida. MÉTODO: Estudo de coorte, prospectivo, analítico e descritivo envolvendo 59 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. Os dados foram coletados no pré-operatório e aos três e seis meses pós- operatórios, quantificando aspectos nutricionais e utilizando o Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcomes System (BAROS) como ferramenta de sucesso. Os dados usaram intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: O total de mulheres foi 47 (79,7%), sendo 55,9% com IMC entre 40-49,9 kg/m². No sexto mês depois da operação os escores de qualidade de vida foram significativamente maiores do que no pré-operatório (p<0,05) e 27 (67,5%) pacientes tinham todas comorbidades resolvidas, 48 (81,3%) apresentaram conceito BAROS muito bom ou excelente. Após três e seis meses 16 e 23 pacientes apresentaram algum distúrbio nutricional, respectivamente. Não houve relação entre a perda do excesso de peso e qualidade de vida entre pacientes com ou sem distúrbio nutricional. CONCLUSÃO: os distúrbios nutricionais são pouco frequentes no pós-operatório precoce e, quando presentes, têm pouca ou nenhuma influência na qualidade de vida e na perda do excesso de peso. .
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Antígenos Glicosídicos Associados a Tumores/imunologia , Neoplasias/imunologia , Polissacarídeos/imunologia , Citotoxicidade Celular Dependente de Anticorpos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Epitopos , Proteína Ligante Fas/análise , Proteína Ligante Fas/imunologia , Glicosilação , Manose/análise , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos DBA , VacinaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Apoptosis is a programme of cell death which does not induce an inflammatory response. Recent previous research has suggested a correlation between temporomandibular internal derangement and apoptosis. Fas ligand (FasL) is an apoptosis-inducing factor, known to trigger apoptosis through distinct signal pathways. This study aims to examine, by immunohistochemistry, the expression of FasL in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) articular discs of patients with anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR) and without reduction (ADDwoR) in patients with and without osteoarthrosis (OA). METHODS: Forty-two (n = 42) TMJ articular discs were divided into two cut-offs: (i) 8 control, 17 ADDwR, 17 ADDwoR, and (ii) without OA (n = 25) and with OA (n = 17). The area of immunostaining was compared statistically between groups (P < 0.05). RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found in the expression of FasL in TMJ discs between the three groups (P = 0.001). ADDwR presented significant higher FasL expression when compared with ADDwoR (P < 0.001). Significant higher FasL expression was observed in the group without OA (P = 0.001). All patients without OA presented ADDwR, while all the patients with OA presented ADDwoR. CONCLUSION: A higher area of in situ immunostaining of FasL was found in temporomandibular discs with reduction, which is the less severe condition. Moreover, a reduced expression of FasL in the discs of patients with osteoarthrosis was found, suggesting that some aspects of apoptosis might underlie the progression of TMJ disorders.
Assuntos
Cartilagem Articular/química , Proteína Ligante Fas/análise , Osteoartrite/metabolismo , Disco da Articulação Temporomandibular/química , Disco da Articulação Temporomandibular/patologia , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/metabolismo , Articulação Temporomandibular/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Apoptose/fisiologia , Cartilagem Articular/patologia , Cartilagem Articular/cirurgia , Membrana Celular/patologia , Condrócitos/patologia , Corantes , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Luxações Articulares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoartrite/patologia , Osteoartrite/cirurgia , Disco da Articulação Temporomandibular/cirurgia , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/patologia , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/cirurgia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of FAS ligand (FASL) in ipsilateral and contralateral testicles of rats submitted to ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS: Wistar rats (n=21) distributed into groups control (GC), n=5, testicular exposure; ischemia (GI), (n=8), Torsion in the left testicular Cord (TCT) for three hours followed by orchiectomy without distortion and orchietomy of the contralateral testicle after 24 hours; and reperfusion (GR), (n=8), left TCT for 3 hours and distortion and repositioning on the scrotum and bilateral orchiectomy after 24 hours. Quantification of the FASL expression by immune-histochemistry. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed similarity between GC and GI (p>0.05), differences detected are concentrated on the GR (p<0.05), increase in immunoexpression of FASL in the subgroups Right GR (406.8+-61.5) and Left GR (135.3 +-28.9) with significant predominance in the GR subgroup. CONCLUSION: Ischemia/reperfusion increased the FASL expression significantly in contralateral testicles in GR, in rats.
Assuntos
Proteína Ligante Fas/análise , Precondicionamento Isquêmico/métodos , Torção do Cordão Espermático/metabolismo , Testículo/metabolismo , Animais , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Orquiectomia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Testículo/irrigação sanguínea , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of FAS ligand (FASL) in ipsilateral and contralateral testicles of rats submitted to ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS: Wistar rats (n=21) distributed into groups control (GC), n=5, testicular exposure; ischemia (GI), (n=8), Torsion in the left testicular Cord (TCT) for three hours followed by orchiectomy without distortion and orchietomy of the contralateral testicle after 24 hours; and reperfusion (GR), (n=8), left TCT for 3 hours and distortion and repositioning on the scrotum and bilateral orchiectomy after 24 hours. Quantification of the FASL expression by immune-histochemistry. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed similarity between GC and GI (p>0.05), differences detected are concentrated on the GR (p<0.05), increase in immunoexpression of FASL in the subgroups Right GR (406.8+-61.5) and Left GR (135.3 +-28.9) with significant predominance in the GR subgroup. CONCLUSION: Ischemia/reperfusion increased the FASL expression significantly in contralateral testicles in GR, in rats.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Proteína Ligante Fas/análise , Precondicionamento Isquêmico/métodos , Torção do Cordão Espermático/metabolismo , Testículo/metabolismo , Imuno-Histoquímica , Orquiectomia , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo , Testículo/irrigação sanguíneaRESUMO
The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the immunoexpression of FasL, Fas, FADD, cleaved caspase 8, and cleaved caspase 3 in gastric cancer. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded gastric adenocarcinoma tissues from 87 patients, including adjacent normal tissues, were included on tissue microarray by immunohistochemistry. The tumor and the adjacent normal tissues were positive for FasL in 66.7% and 90.6%, for Fas in 52.8% and 52.4%, for FADD in 67.4% and 82.3%, for cleaved caspase 8 in 27.9% and 37.7%, and for cleaved caspase 3 in 33.7% and 8.3%, respectively. FasL and the FADD from tumor were statistically different in relation to the histological type. Cleaved caspase 8 was statistically different in relation to clinical stage (p=0.031). The FADD from normal tissue was statistically different in relation to age (p=0.039), sex (p=0.055), clinical stage (p=0.019), and Fas was different in relation to tumor size (p=0.012). In the tumor, we observed a correlation between FasL and Fas, FasL and FADD, and FasL and cleaved caspase 3. In the adjacent normal tissue, a correlation was observed between FasL and Fas, FasL and FADD. There was no association of another marker with sex, age, clinical stage, and survival. Our results suggest that these proteins mediate the early extrinsic apoptotic pathway in gastric cancer and adjacent normal mucosa. FasL protein binds to Fas protein and subsequently binds to death receptor FADD signaling activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. In this phase, there was inhibition of caspase 8 and, consequently, decreased apoptosis.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Apoptose/fisiologia , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Caspase 3/análise , Caspase 8/análise , Proteína Ligante Fas/análise , Proteína de Domínio de Morte Associada a Fas/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Análise Serial de Tecidos , Receptor fas/análiseRESUMO
Cystic ovarian disease (COD) is an important cause of infertility that affects cattle. Alterations in the ovarian micro-environment of females with follicular cysts could alter the normal processes of proliferation and programmed cell death in ovarian cells. Thus, the objective in the present study was to evaluate apoptosis and proliferation in induced ovarian cystic follicles in cows to investigate the follicular persistence. Stage of estrous cycle was synchronized in 10 heifers and 5 were then subjected to the induction of COD by administration of ACTH. After the ovariectomy number of in situ apoptotic cells by TUNEL assay, active caspase-3, FAS/FASLG and members of the BCL2 family were compared by immunohistochemistry and multiplex PCR and cell proliferation by evaluation of Ki-67 protein and cyclin D1 and E mRNA. Significantly (p<0.05) lesser proliferative and apoptotic rates were found in cystic follicles from cows with COD compared with those with regular cycles. The relatively minimal proliferation found by immunohistochemistry with Ki-67 marker were confirmed by the gene expression of cyclin D1 and E. Lesser apoptotic rates were associated with decreased amounts of apoptotic-related proteins BAX, FASLG and caspase-3 as well as the in situ apoptosis detected by TUNEL assay, and increased amounts of the anti-apoptotic survival factor cellular BCL2 in the cystic follicles of the COD group. The BAX/BCL2 gene expression profile confirmed the immunohistochemical findings. Results from the present study indicate that cellular proliferation and apoptosis are altered in cystic follicles of cattle. The present study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the aberrant persistence of follicular cysts and related diseases.
Assuntos
Apoptose , Proliferação de Células , Cisto Folicular/veterinária , Cistos Ovarianos/veterinária , Hormônio Adrenocorticotrópico/farmacologia , Animais , Caspase 3/análise , Bovinos , Sobrevivência Celular , Ciclina D1/análise , Ciclina E/análise , Proteína Ligante Fas/análise , Feminino , Cisto Folicular/induzido quimicamente , Cisto Folicular/patologia , Antígeno Ki-67/análise , Cistos Ovarianos/induzido quimicamente , Cistos Ovarianos/patologia , Ovário/química , Ovário/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/análise , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/análiseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients have impaired cellular immune responses. It has been hypothesized that tumor cells expressing Fas Ligand (FasL) induce in T lymphocytes: (a) apoptosis (tumor counterattack) and (b) down-regulation of CD3zeta expression. However, the hypothesis of tumor counterattack is still controversial. METHODS: We analyzed FasL expression on NSCLC cell lines and on tumor cells from lung adenocarcinoma patients by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. FasL mRNA expression was detected in NSCLC cell lines using RT-PCR, and functional FasL was evaluated on Fas-expressing Jurkat T-cells by annexin-V-FITC staining and by SubG(1) peak detection. Also, the proapoptotic effect of microvesicles released from NSCLC cell lines in Jurkat T-cells was studied. Alterations in the expression levels of CD3zeta, CD3epsilon, and CD28 [measured as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI)] were determined in Jurkat T-cells after co-culture with NSCLC cell lines or tumor-derived microvesicles. Furthermore, the expression levels of CD3zeta and CD3epsilon in CD4+T and CD8+T lymphocytes from lung adenocarcinoma patients was studied. RESULTS: Our results indicate that NSCLC cells neither FasL expressed nor induced apoptosis in Jurkat T-cells. Tumor-derived microvesicles did not induce apoptosis in Jurkat T-cells. In contrast, NSCLC cell lines down-regulated CD3epsilon but not CD3zeta chain expression in Jurkat T-cells; this effect was induced by soluble factors but not by microvesicles. In lung adenocarcinoma patients, significant decreases of MFI values for CD3epsilon, but not CD3zeta, were found in CD4+T and CD8+T cells from pleural effusion compared to peripheral blood and in peripheral blood of patients compared to healthy donors. CONCLUSIONS: Our data do not support the tumor counterattack hypothesis for NSCLC. Nonetheless, down-regulation of CD3epsilon in T-cells induced by NSCLC cells might lead to T-cell dysfunction.