RESUMO
UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to characterize the main periodontal bacterial species in Down syndrome (DS) patients with and without periodontitis. METHOD: This cross-sectional study involved 75 DS patients, 45 with and 30 without periodontitis. Informed consent, health and dental questionnaires and periodontitis diagnosis were performed PCR and LAMP assays were performed on subgingival dental plaque sample. RESULTS: Tannerella forsythia was the most frequent bacteria detected in the group with and without periodontitis (95.5 and 63.3%) followed by Treponema denticola (88.8 and 50%) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (53.3 and 25% respectively). There were statistical differences between groups (p < 0.05). Pg fimA type I was the most frequent Porphyromonas gingivalis genotype. Two different sets of primers (Aa-F/Aa-R and ltx3/ltx4) were used to detect Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and different frequencies were obtained, (68% and 14.6% respectively), they had a weak correlation (Cohen Kappa = 0.16). After sequencing of PCR products, ltx3/ltx4 showed more specificity. JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans was not detected in any sample. CONCLUSIONS: The composition of oral biofilm is fundamental for the development of periodontal disease independently of immunological alterations associated with DS. The frequency of detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans reported in the literature has a wide range, because the primers and probes applied
Assuntos
Biofilmes/classificação , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Síndrome de Down/microbiologia , Periodontite/microbiologia , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/classificação , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/genética , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/isolamento & purificação , Toxinas Bacterianas/genética , Bacteroides/isolamento & purificação , Estudos Transversais , Primers do DNA , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Exotoxinas/genética , Feminino , Proteínas de Fímbrias/análise , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Consórcios Microbianos , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/classificação , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/microbiologia , Bolsa Periodontal/classificação , Bolsa Periodontal/microbiologia , Periodontite/classificação , Periodonto/microbiologia , Pili Sexual/genética , Porphyromonas gingivalis/genética , Porphyromonas gingivalis/isolamento & purificação , Perda de Dente/classificação , Treponema denticola/isolamento & purificação , Adulto JovemRESUMO
EAEC, enteroaggregative E. coli; EPEC, enteropathogenic E. coli; ETEC, enterotoxigenic E. coli; EIEC,enteroinvasive E. coli; STEC, shiga-toxin producing E. coli; DAEC, diffusely adhering E. coli; AA, agregative adherence; OMP, outer membrane protein; AAF, aggregative adherence fimbriae; ECP, E. coli common pilus; T1SS, type I secretion system; EAST-1,enteroaggregative E. coli heat stable enterotoxin 1; ORF, open reading frame; Pet, plasmid-encoded toxin; Pic, protein involved in colonization; ShET1, Shigella enterotoxin 1; HlyE, hemolysin E; OM, outer membrane; T5SS, type V secretion system; TPS, twopartner secretion; SPATE, serine protease autotransporter of the Enterobacteriaceae; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; Shmu, Shigellamucinase; cAMP, cyclic adhenosin monophosphate; cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate; STa, heat-stable toxin a; GC-C, guanylyl cyclase C; IL, interleukin; IEC, intestinal epithelial cells; MAPK, mitogen-activating protein kinase; TLR5, toll-like receptor 5; TNFá, tumour necrosis factor á; GRO, growth-related gene product; ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1;GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Assuntos
Humanos , Citotoxinas/análise , Citotoxinas/toxicidade , Enterotoxinas/análise , Enterotoxinas/toxicidade , Flagelina/análise , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica , Fímbrias Bacterianas/microbiologia , Proteínas de Fímbrias/análise , Proteínas de Fímbrias/imunologia , Proteínas de Fímbrias/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
We analyzed a randomly selected group of 30 diffusely adherent (DAEC), 30 enteropathogenic, 30 enteroaggregative, and five Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from children with diarrhea. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) colonization factors (CFs) were evaluated by a dot-blot assay using 21 CF-specific monoclonal antibodies. Out of 95 non-ETEC strains, three DAEC were found to express coli surface antigen 20 (CS20). No other E. coli expressed CFs. We confirmed the three CS20-positive strains as ETEC-negative by repeat PCR and as toxin-negative by ganglioside-GM1-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has identified currently recognized CFs in non-ETEC diarrheagenic E. coli strains identified using molecular methods. CFs may be an unrecognized relevant adherence factor in other E. coli, which may then play a role in pathogenesis and the immune response of the host.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Escherichia coli/análise , Escherichia coli/imunologia , Proteínas de Fímbrias/análise , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Antígenos de Bactérias/análise , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Antígenos de Superfície/análise , Antígenos de Superfície/imunologia , Aderência Bacteriana , Criança , Diarreia/microbiologia , Escherichia coli Enteropatogênica/genética , Escherichia coli Enteropatogênica/imunologia , Escherichia coli Enteropatogênica/metabolismo , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/patogenicidade , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/imunologia , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/genética , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/imunologia , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/metabolismoRESUMO
Pathogenic strains of Vibrio cholerae O139 possess the cholera toxin A subunit (ctxA) gene as well as the gene for toxin co-regulated pili (tcpA). We report the isolation of a ctxA-negative, tcpA-negative V. cholerae O139 strain (INDREI) from a patient in Mexico diagnosed with gastrointestinal illness. Certain phenotypic characteristics of this strain were identical to those of V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor. Unlike ctxA-positive V. cholerae O139 strains, this strain was sensitive to a wide panel of antibiotics, including ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, furazolidone, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and streptomycin, but was resistant to polymyxin B. Ribotype and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of INDRE1 differed from those of ctxA-positive V. cholerae O139 and other V. cholerae strains. Phenotypic characteristics of the Mexico strain were similar to those reported for V. cholerae O139 isolates from Argentina and Sri Lanka.