RESUMO
In the semiarid region of Brazil, in areas with vegetation composed mainly of Poincianella pyramidalis, several cases of congenital malformation and reproductive losses were observed in goats and sheep from 2012 to 2014. To determine the teratogenic effect of P. pyramidalis, two groups of eight goats each were used. Goats from Group 1 received fresh P. pyramidalis, harvested daily, as the only roughage during the whole breeding and pregnancy period. Goats in Group 2 (control) received Cynodon dactylon (tifton) hay free choice. Ultrasound examination for pregnancy diagnosis was performed every 28 days. Four goats from Group 1 were pregnant on day 28 but not on day 56, suggesting embryonic death or abortion. Another goat from Group 1 died at day 70 of pregnancy, and the fetuses exhibited micrognathia. The other three goats bore six kids, three of which showed bone malformations in the limbs, spine, ribs, sternum, and head, including arthrogryposis, scoliosis and micrognathia. One kid also showed hypoplasia of the left pulmonary lobes. In the control group, all goats bore a total of 13 kids and none of them exhibited malformations. These results demonstrated that P. pyramidalis causes congenital malformations and other reproductive losses in goats.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/veterinária , Aborto Animal/induzido quimicamente , Caesalpinia/toxicidade , Reabsorção do Feto/veterinária , Doenças das Cabras/induzido quimicamente , Doenças das Cabras/etiologia , Intoxicação por Plantas/veterinária , Complicações na Gravidez/veterinária , Animais , Artrogripose/induzido quimicamente , Artrogripose/veterinária , Brasil , Cynodon , Feminino , Reabsorção do Feto/induzido quimicamente , Doenças das Cabras/fisiopatologia , Cabras , Micrognatismo/induzido quimicamente , Micrognatismo/veterinária , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/toxicidade , Intoxicação por Plantas/fisiopatologia , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/fisiopatologia , Escoliose/induzido quimicamente , Escoliose/veterináriaRESUMO
It has been reported that fetal lymphoid progenitor cells are acquired during gestation and are able to develop in the maternal mouse thymus into functional T cells. Moreover, previous pregnancies increase the number of fetal cells in the mother. In the present study, we investigated whether mouse pregnancy induces changes in T lymphocyte subsets in the maternal thymus. We determined the T lymphocyte subsets in two allogeneic cross-breedings, namely CBA/J×BALB/c (normal) and CBA/J×DBA/2 (abortion prone), and investigated the effects of the age and parity of the female, as well as pregnancy outcome, on thymocyte populations. In addition, hormonal effects were evaluated in a syngeneic combination (CBA/J×CBA/J). We found that during pregnancy both hormonal and allogeneic stimuli induced a reduction in the CD4(+)CD8(+) subset with an increase in the CD4(+)CD8(-) population. Only young females of the normal combination exhibited an increase in the CD4(-)CD8(+) population. All young mice showed an increase in CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T cells. Interestingly, the γδT thymus pool was increased in all females of the normal allogeneic pregnancy only, suggesting the participation of this pool in the observed beneficial effect of multiparity in this cross-breeding. Our results demonstrate that allogeneic pregnancies induce important variations in maternal thymocyte subpopulations depending on the age of the female and the male component of the cross-breeding.
Assuntos
Hibridização Genética/imunologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C/imunologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos CBA/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T , Timo/citologia , Aborto Animal/genética , Envelhecimento , Animais , Feminino , Reabsorção do Feto/veterinária , Idade Gestacional , Tamanho da Ninhada de Vivíparos , Camundongos , Paridade , GravidezRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of fetal resorption in 77 pregnant bitches and its association with the age, size and body condition score of the bitch and to determine the frequency of transuterine migration of embryos. METHODS: The number and position of embryos or fetuses and placental zones were registered postmortem. The prevalence of fetal losses was determined by comparing the number of corpora lutea with the number of embryos or fetuses in each bitch. The prevalence of transuterine migration of embryos was determined by correlating the number of fetuses in each horn and the number of corpora lutea in the ipsilateral ovary. RESULTS: Fetal resorption zones were demonstrated in 42.9 per cent of the bitches. However, pregnancy continued in 84.9 per cent of cases. Of the fetal losses, 25.9 per cent were determined by counting the number of corpora lutea and viable embryos or fetuses. Young bitches tended to have a higher probability of fetal resorption than adult bitches (P<0.06). The presence of fetal resorption zones was not associated with size or body condition. Transuterine migration of embryos had occurred in 15.8 per cent of the bitches. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated that embryo resorption is a normal event in the bitches, with a higher prevalence than previously thought.
Assuntos
Constituição Corporal/fisiologia , Cães/fisiologia , Reabsorção do Feto/veterinária , Fatores Etários , Animais , Animais Selvagens , Estudos Transversais , Cães/embriologia , Feminino , Reabsorção do Feto/epidemiologia , México/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Prevalência , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The RC/79 strain of the Aujeszky's disease virus was able to induce reproductive failure of pregnant gilts intranasally inoculated at different gestation periods. Four gilts 40-46 days pregnant (group A) and 6 gilts 70-73 days pregnant (group B) were instilled with 0.2 ml x 10(5) tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID50/0.2 ml) of the RC/79 strain into each nostril. Two gilts 70-73 days pregnant (group C) were used as non exposed controls. The three groups were kept in separated boxes and they were observed for clinical signs of infections and samples were collected for determination of viral shedding every day. Viral isolation was attempted in Vero cells (figure 1). From the 2nd to 7th day after inoculation, groups A and B showed fever anorexia, sneezing, coughing and depression; and viral isolation from nasal swabs was possible in 7 gilts at days 4 to 11, 9 gilts developed neutralizing antibodies. The virus caused fetal reabsorption in swine during the first period of pregnancy (group A), while infection during late pregnancy resulted in still birth or normal pigs and one mummification (group B). The entire a live litter was composed of no more than 8 suckling pigs in both groups. At necropsy virus from turbinates, ovary , placenta, spleen and lung could be isolated only from 3 gilts (group B, table 1). In 5 of 35 stillbirth and alive fetuses virus could be isolated from spleen (100%), lung (80%), liver (60%) and brain (40%) indicating that the virus has the ability to cross the placental barrier thus producing lesions in porcine fetuses and causing reproductive failure in sows (table 2). Tissue specimens from these 35 fetuses were fixed in 10% formalin, included in paraffin sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. In 13 fetuses microscopic lesions i.e. necrotic foci were found in lung (60%), liver (40%) and spleen (20%), these alterations were coincident with gross lesions in most of them. Inclusion bodies were absent. The gilts organs did not present gross lesions.