RESUMO
In this paper, the Curitiba-centred narrative on the success of its urban planning experience will be qualified in light of the complexities of its metropolitan development trajectory. It will be claimed that the institutional vacuum that surrounds Brazilian metropolitan areas in general, and Greater Curitiba in particular, has been intensified by the emergence of a competitive and decentralised state spatial regime, which has consolidated a fragmented and neo-localist system of governance. Preliminary empirical evidence will be provided on the challenges that are being faced within the new regime in articulating socio-spatial, economic and environmental strategies in the direction of a more sustainable metropolitan future.
Assuntos
Planejamento de Cidades , Governo Local , Política Pública , Responsabilidade Social , Reforma Urbana , Brasil/etnologia , Cidades/economia , Cidades/etnologia , Cidades/história , Cidades/legislação & jurisprudência , Planejamento de Cidades/economia , Planejamento de Cidades/educação , Planejamento de Cidades/história , Planejamento de Cidades/legislação & jurisprudência , Economia/história , Economia/legislação & jurisprudência , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Governo Local/história , Política Pública/economia , Política Pública/história , Política Pública/legislação & jurisprudência , Reforma Urbana/economia , Reforma Urbana/educação , Reforma Urbana/história , Reforma Urbana/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
Urban shrinkage is not a new phenomenon. It has been documented in a large literature analyzing the social and economic issues that have led to population flight, resulting, in the worse cases, in the eventual abandonment of blocks of housing and neighbourhoods. Analysis of urban shrinkage should take into account the new realization that this phenomenon is now global and multidimensional but also little understood in all its manifestations. Thus, as the world's population increasingly becomes urban, orthodox views of urban decline need redefinition. The symposium includes articles from 10 urban analysts working on 30 cities around the globe. These analysts belong to the Shrinking Cities International Research Network (SCIRN), whose collaborative work aims to understand different types of city shrinkage and the role that different approaches, policies and strategies have played in the regeneration of these cities. In this way the symposium will inform both a rich diversity of analytical perspectives and country-based studies of the challenges faced by shrinking cities. It will also disseminate SCIRN's research results from the last 3 years.
Assuntos
Cidades , Dinâmica Populacional , Características de Residência , Responsabilidade Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Reforma Urbana , Austrália/etnologia , Brasil/etnologia , Cidades/economia , Cidades/etnologia , Cidades/história , Cidades/legislação & jurisprudência , França/etnologia , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Internacionalidade/história , Internacionalidade/legislação & jurisprudência , Japão/etnologia , Dinâmica Populacional/história , Características de Residência/história , Problemas Sociais/economia , Problemas Sociais/etnologia , Problemas Sociais/história , Problemas Sociais/legislação & jurisprudência , Problemas Sociais/psicologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos/história , Estados Unidos/etnologia , Reforma Urbana/economia , Reforma Urbana/educação , Reforma Urbana/história , Reforma Urbana/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
The 1990s in Brazil were a time of institutional advances in the areas of housing and urban rights following the signing of the new constitution in 1988 that incorporated the principles of the social function of cities and property, recognition of the right to ownership of informal urban squatters and the direct participation of citizens in urban policy decision processes. These propositions are the pillars of the urban reform agenda which, since the creation of the Ministry of Cities by the Lula government, has come under the federal executive branch. This article evaluates the limitations and opportunities involved in implementing this agenda on the basis of two policies proposed by the ministry the National Cities Council and the campaign for Participatory Master Plans focusing the analysis on government organization in the area of urban development in its relationship with the political system and the characteristics of Brazilian democracy.
Assuntos
Habitação , Mudança Social , Migrantes , Saúde da População Urbana , População Urbana , Brasil/etnologia , História do Século XX , Habitação/economia , Habitação/história , Habitação/legislação & jurisprudência , Mudança Social/história , Migrantes/educação , Migrantes/história , Migrantes/legislação & jurisprudência , Migrantes/psicologia , Saúde da População Urbana/história , População Urbana/história , Reforma Urbana/economia , Reforma Urbana/educação , Reforma Urbana/história , Urbanização/história , Urbanização/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
This article analyses the connections between the ideas and principles of American city planning from 1920 with those articulated by Brazilian city planners in the 1930s and implemented by the administration of the City of Rio de Janeiro, then the capital of Brazil, notably during the period of the Estado Novo [The New State] from 1937 to 1945. In a period characterized by the centralization of political power and the concentration of decision-making in the hands of the president and the state, the City of Rio de Janeiro undertook a series of restructuring projects which utilized new forms of administration and organization. This article explores the links between urban planning in Brazil and the USA that were a notable feature of these projects. It examines particular requirements set down in city plans, city planning commissions and funding for urban activities, such as 'excess condemnation', by focusing upon articles and books written by four Brazilian engineers and proposals put forward by the American City Planning Institute, detailed in the proceedings of the National Conference on City Planning, in the periodical, City Planning and works by affiliated authors.