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Introduction: with the technological advance in dentistry, light-polymerized three-dimensional (3D) printing resins had become an alternative for the manufacture of occlusal splint splints. Objective: the present study aimed to analyze the flexural strength of a resin for 3D printing compared to conventional acrylic resins (chemically activated and thermally activated), under the influence of thermocycling. Material and method: 60 specimens were made, which were distributed in six experimental groups (n = 10), according to the resin employed (chemically activated acrylic resin, thermally activated acrylic resin and 3D printing resin) and the treatment received (control and thermocycling). The specimens were submitted to flexural strength by the three-point flexural test. Result: data analysis showed that the material factor (<0.0001) and the thermocycling factor (p = 0.0096) influenced flexural strength, however, the interaction between the two factors did not (p = 0.9728). Conclusion: it was concluded that 3D printing resins presented the lowest flexural resistance to acrylic resins, especially when submitted to thermocycling.

Introdução: com o avanço tecnológico dentro da odontologia, as resinas fotopolimerizáveis para impressão tridimensional (3D) se tornaram uma alternativa para a fabricação de dispositivos interoclusais. Objetivo: o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a resistência flexural de uma resina para impressão tridimensional comparada com resinas acrílicas convencionais (quimicamente ativada e termicamente ativada), sob a influência da termociclagem. Material e método: foram confeccionados 60 corpos de prova, que foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em seis grupos experimentais (n=10), de acordo com a resina utilizada (resina acrílica ativada quimicamente, resina acrílica ativada termicamente e resina para impressão 3D) e com o tratamento recebido (controle e termociclagem). Os corpos de prova foram submetidos ao ensaio de flexão de três pontos para determinação da resistência flexural. Resultado: a análise dos dados demonstrou que o fator material (<0.0001) e o fator termociclagem (p=0.0096) influenciaram a resistência flexural, entretanto, a interação entre os dois fatores não (p=0.9728). Conclusão: deste modo podemos concluir que a resina para impressão 3D apresentou desempenho inferior às resinas acrílicas, especialmente quando submetida a termociclagem.

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Various forms of temporary resins are offered on the market; however, the properties of temporary resins obtained by milling and 3D printing have not been fully examined. This study aimed to compare the flexural strength and Vickers hardness of milled and 3D-printed resins. Methods: Three resins were tested: Evolux PMMA (milled resin), Cosmos Temp (3D-printed resin), and Structur 2 SC (bis-acrylic resin, group control). Specimens were prepared with rectangular shapes (n = 12) for flexural strength measurements and disc shapes (n = 9) for Vickers hardness tests. Flexural strength tests were performed at a crosshead speed of 0.75 mm/min, and the Vickers hardness was measured under a load of 20 N for 10 s. The obtained data were subjected to the Kruskal­Wallis test. Results: A significant difference (p < 0.05) in flexural strength was observed among the three sample groups: Evolux PMMA (111.76 MPa), Structur 2 SC (87.34 MPa), and Cosmos Temp (56.83 MPa). No significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between the Vickers hardness values of Structur 2 SC (33.37 VHN) and Evolux PMMA (29.11 VHN); however, both materials were statistically superior to Cosmos Temp (10.90 VHN). Conclusion: While the mechanical properties of the milled resin were superior or similar to those of the bisacrylic resin, the 3D-printed resin was statistically inferior to both the milled and bis-acrylic resins

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Resumen Introducción: El presente informe de caso clínico se enfoca en el diagnóstico y tratamiento para la rehabilitación de la dentición temporal en el sector anterosuperior utilizando tecnología CAD-CAM. Objetivo: Proponer una alternativa para mitigar el margen de error y tiempo de trabajo en el paciente pediátrico, reintegrando la estética y funcionalidad en la cavidad oral. Métodos: Se describe el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 6 años que acudió a la clínica universitaria de la Universidad UTE con lesiones cariosas extensas en sus dientes anterosuperiores y su rehabilitación a través de la utilización de coronas personalizadas de resina mediante un encerado digital realizado en CAD-CAM. Resultados: El tratamiento efectuado en el niño fue satisfactorio, se evidenció una mejoría en la dimensión vertical e incremento en la estética dental y facial, mejorando su aspecto y autoestima después de la rehabilitación. Conclusión: La utilización del encerado digital en pacientes pediátricos podría ser una alternativa que permita reducir el tiempo de trabajo del tratamiento en una rehabilitación estética dental.

Abstract Introduction: This case report focuses on the diagnosis and treatment for the rehabilitation of the primary dentition in the anterosuperior sector using CADCAM technology. Objective: To propose an alternative to mitigate the margin of error and working time in pediatric patients, reintegrating esthetics, and functionality in the oral cavity. Methods: We describe the case of a 6-year-old male patient who came to the clinic of Universidad UTE with extensive carious lesions in his anterosuperior teeth and his rehabilitation using personalized resin crowns by means of a digital waxup performed in CAD-CAM. Results: The treatment performed on the child was satisfactory, there was an improvement in the vertical dimension and an increase in dental and facial esthetics, improving his appearance and self-esteem after the rehabilitation. Conclusión: The use of digital wax-up in pediatric patients could be an alternative that allows the treatment time to be reduced in esthetic dental rehabilitation.

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O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar as propriedades de superfície, estabilidade de cor e propriedades mecânicas de resinas acrílicas para base de dentadura do método convencional, processada por micro-ondas, fresada e impressa 3D diante de diferentes tempos de envelhecimento e imersão em bebidas corantes. Além disso, realizar uma revisão sistemática para avaliar e comparar, através de estudos de ensaios clínicos, próteses totais fabricadas pelo método CAD/CAM com fabricadas convencionalmente, em termos de tempo clínico, manutenção, retenção, estabilidade, eficácia mastigatória, satisfação e qualidade de vida. Um total de 480 amostras redondas (10 × 3,3 ± 0,03 mm) foram confeccionadas para avaliação das propriedades de superfície e estabilidade de cor, divididas entre os quatro grupos principais de resinas e subdivididas em quatro tempos de análise (T0, T1, T2 e T3) e bebidas corantes (água, café, vinho e refrigerante cola), resultando um n = 10 para cada subgrupo. Um total de 160 amostras retangulares (64 × 10 × 3,3 ± 0,03 mm) foram confeccionadas para avaliação das propriedades mecânicas, divididas entre os quatro grupos principais de resinas e subdivididas em quatro tempos de análise (T0, T1, T2 e T3), resultando um n = 10 para cada subgrupo. A revisão sistemática seguiu os Itens de Relatório Preferenciais para Revisões Sistemáticas e Meta-Análises (PRISMA) e foi registrada no Registro Prospectivo Internacional de Revisões Sistemáticas (PROSPERO) (CRD42022296907). A busca eletrônica foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science e Scopus até dezembro de 2021. A questão formulada para população, intervenção, comparação e resultado (PICO) foi "Pacientes reabilitados com próteses totais com tecnologia CAD/CAM apresentam parâmetros clínicos semelhantes aos pacientes reabilitados com próteses totais convencionais?". A resina fresada apresentou os melhores resultados das propriedades de superfície diante do efeito do envelhecimento, enquanto que a resina impressa 3D apresentou resultados semelhantes as resinas tradicionais. A resina de Impressão 3D apresentou não ter propriedades ópticas adequadas diante do efeito do envelhecimento, enquanto que a resina fresada apresentou as melhores propriedades. As bebidas corantes não alteraram as propriedades de superfície das resinas, entretanto afetaram suas propriedades ópticas, principalmente a resina de impressão 3D e a processada por micro-ondas. A resina de dentadura fresada CAD/CAM apresentou propriedades mecânicas semelhantes as resinas tradicionais, enquanto que a impressa 3D não apresentou propriedades mecânicas adequadas para uso clínico à longo prazo. As próteses do método de fresagem apresentaram melhor desempenho clínico que as próteses convencionais, em termos de qualidade de vida, satisfação, retenção, estabilidade, tempo clínico e custo, enquanto que as de impressão 3D não apresentaram diferenças. Ambos os métodos do CAD/CAM apresentaram não haver diferenças da eficácia mastigatória em relação as próteses convencionais(AU)

The objective of this study was to investigate the surface properties, color stability and mechanical properties of acrylic resins for denture base of the conventional method, processed by microwave, milled and 3D printed in face of different aging times and immersion in coloring drinks. In addition, carry out a systematic review to evaluate and compare, through clinical trial studies, complete dentures manufactured by the CAD/CAM method with those manufactured conventionally, in terms of clinical time, maintenance, retention, stability, masticatory efficiency, satisfaction and quality of life. A total of 480 round samples (10 × 3.3 ± 0.03 mm) were made to evaluate surface properties and color stability, divided among the four main groups of resins and subdivided into four analysis times (T0, T1, T2 and T3) and coloring drinks (water, coffee, wine and cola), resulting in n = 10 for each subgroup. A total of 160 rectangular samples (64 × 10 × 3.3 ± 0.03 mm) were prepared to evaluate the mechanical properties, divided among the four main groups of resins and subdivided into four analysis times (T0, T1, T2 and T3), resulting in n = 10 for each subgroup. The systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42022296907). The electronic search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus databases until December 2021. The question formulated for population, intervention, comparison and result (PICO) was "Patients rehabilitated with complete dentures with CAD/CAM technology present clinical parameters similar to patients rehabilitated with conventional complete dentures?". The milled resin presented the best results of surface properties in the face of aging effect, while the 3D printed resin presented similar results to traditional resins. The 3D Printing resin did not have adequate optical properties due to the aging effect, while the milled resin showed the best properties. Coloring drinks do not change the surface properties of resins, but optical printing solutions, mainly 3D printing resin and microwave-processed resin. The CAD/CAM milled denture resin presented mechanical properties similar to traditional resins, while the 3D printed denture resin did not present adequate mechanical properties for long-term clinical use. The milling method prostheses showed better clinical performance than conventional prostheses, in terms of quality of life, satisfaction, retention, stability, clinical time and cost, while the 3D printing prostheses showed no differences. Both CAD/CAM methods showed no differences in masticatory efficiency in relation to conventional prostheses(AU)

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Abstract The increasing number of reports of web-based experiences on the success of Cannabis-based therapies in controlling seizures in children suffering from refractory epilepsy have led to efforts by governments and associations to a recent change in legislation. The Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) allowed the import of Cannabis extracts in 2015 and the registration of the first industrialized drug in 2017. In 2019, ANVISA approved procedures for the granting of a Sanitary Authorization for manufacturing and imports, establishing marketing requirements, prescribing, dispensing, monitoring and surveillance of cannabis products for medicinal purposes. Similar to other consumer products of health concern, is necessary to ensure the quality and health safety of these products worldwide. The aim of the present study to evaluate the presence of As, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Co, Cr and Mn present in Cannabis extracts and resins used in the treatment of pediatric patients with neurological diseases. Samples (48 national and 24 imported) were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry - ICP-MS. The imported extracts presented more homogeneous inorganic element values, while national extracts showed varied levels, thus indicating the highest health risk.

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A busca por naturalidade dos procedimentos restauradores em reabilitação oral tem contribuído para o desenvolvimento de vários tipos de materiais livres de metal ("metal free"). A confecção de próteses com estes sistemas totalmente puros, mostra-se como excelente alternativa restauradora, com potencial estético superior às próteses metalocerâmicas. É indiscutível que a tecnologia CAD/CAM (Computer-aided design/ Computer-aided manufacturing) vem se tornando realidade nos consultórios e laboratórios de Prótese Dentária de todo o mundo. Esta tecnologia possibilita o uso de cerâmicas e polímeros na fabricação de próteses, com qualidade e resistência mecânica satisfatórias, padronizando os processos, reduzindo custos e tempo clínico-laboratorial. A grande diversidade destes novos materiais restauradores livres de metal, com suas distintas propriedades estéticas e mecânicas, faz com que seja necessária uma seleção racional desses materiais, a fim de se alcançar a longevidade desejada do tratamento protético reabilitador. Dentre estes materiais, destacam-se as cerâmicas vítreas, as zircônias monolíticas, as cerâmicas infiltradas por polímeros e as resinas nanocerâmicas. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os dados mais relevantes e atuais sobre as propriedades destes novos materiais, os sistemas disponíveis, suas indicações, limitações e seu uso associado com a tecnologia CAD/CAM. Esta revisão consistiu em uma pesquisa eletrônica da literatura publicada nos últimos 15 anos, nas bases de dados: Medline/Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, Bireme, Lilacs e BBO, utilizando-se os seguintes descritores do MESH: [CADCAM AND restorative materials AND monolitic] OR [Monolitic CAD-CAM restorative materials]. Concluiu-se que os materiais monolíticos obtidos pelo sistema CAD/CAM foram desenvolvidos para oferecer uma melhor adaptação e durabilidade das peças, com ótimas taxas de sobrevida e redução de tempo clínico e laboratorial, oferecendo ao paciente conforto, sessões clínicas mais curtas e restaurações de qualidade superior aos sistemas convencionais. Todos os materiais citados nesta revisão apresentaram vantagens e desvantagens, cabendo ao profissional selecionar o melhor material para cada situação clínica em específico, levando em conta os prós e contras de cada um(AU)

The naturalness of restorative procedures in oral rehabilitation has contributed to the development of various types of metal-free materials ("metal free"). The manufacture of prostheses with these totally pure systems is shown to be an excellent restorative alternative, with an aesthetic potential superior to metal-ceramic prostheses. It is indisputable that CAD/ CAM (Computer-aided design/Computer-aided manufacturing) technology is becoming a reality in dental practices and laboratories around the world. This possibility of manufacturing ceramic materials and polymers in strength manufacturing, with strength technology, manufacturing processes, standardizing quality clinical time, higher cost and clinical time. These new aesthetic properties of metal, these dif ferences with aesthetic and mechanical characteristics, these differences are necessary for a rational selection of materials with a choice of rehabilitative prosthetic treatment. Among these materials, they stand out as glass ceramics, as monolithic zirconia, as polymer-infiltrated ceramics and as nanoceramic resins. The purpose of working with your materials, and their associated use with CAD/CAM technology. This review consists of an electronic search of the literature published in the last 15 years, in the following databases: Medline/ Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, Bireme, Lilacs and BBO, using the following MESH descriptors: [CAD-CAM AND restorative materials AND monolithic] OR [CADCAM monolithic restorative materials]. It is concluded that the CAD/CAM materials were designed with comfort for a better adaptation and durability of the parts, with excellent survival rates and reduction of clinical and laboratory time, offering the patient, shorter clinical sessions and superior quality restorations to the systems conventional. All those mentioned in this review present advantages and advantages of each material, and it is up to the professional to select the best one for each specific clinic, in each situation of materials and against indications of materials(AU)

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Abstract: Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of four different self-adhesive resin cements to a resin-based ceramic CAD/CAM block, at the baseline, and after subjecting them to 5,000 thermo-cycles.Materials and Methods: Four self-adhesive dual-cured resin cements; G-CEM LinkAce (GC EUROPE, Leuven, Belgium), RelyX U200 (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), Maxcem Elite (Kerr, CA, USA), TheraCem (Bisco, Schaumburg, USA) were applied to Cerasmart CAD/CAM blocks (GC EUROPE, Leuven, Belgium). CAD/CAM blocks were sectioned into sticks and subjected to µTBS tests at 24 hours, and the other half were subjected to tests after 5000 thermo-cycles. The data were tested by one-way variance analysis (p<0.05). Results: The highest bond strength values were observed in TheraCem, followed by G-CEM LinkAce and RelyX U200, respectively (p<0.05). At the baseline, G-CEM LinkAce, RelyX U200, and Maxcem Elite showed statistically similar results. After 5,000 thermal-cycles, a significant decrease was observed in the bond strength values of G-CEM LinkAce (p<0.05). Conclusion: Between the adhesive cements used in the study, TheraCem showed the highest micro-tensile bond strength values both in the baseline (24h) results, and after the 5,000 thermal- cycle aging procedures.

Resumen: Propósito: Evaluar y comparar la resistencia adhesiva microtensil (μTBS) de cuatro cementos de resina autoadhesivos diferentes con un bloque CAD/CAM de cerámica a base de resina, antes y después de 5.000 ciclos de termociclado. Materiales y métodos: cuatro cementos de resina de doble curado autoadhesivos; G-CEM LinkAce (GC EUROPE, Lovaina, Bélgica), RelyX U200 (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Alemania), Maxcem Elite (Kerr, CA, EE. UU.), TheraCem (Bisco, Schaumburg, EE. UU.) fueron aplicados a bloques Cerasmart CAD/CAM (GC EUROPE, Lovaina, Bélgica). Los bloques CAD/CAM se seccionaron en barras y se sometieron a pruebas µTBS a las 24 horas, y la otra mitad se sometió a pruebas después de 5000 ciclos térmicos. Los datos fueron probados por análisis de varianza unidireccional (p<0.05). Resultados: Los valores más altos de fuerza de unión se observaron en TheraCem, seguido de G-CEM LinkAce y RelyX U200, respectivamente (p<0.05). En la línea de base, G-CEM LinkAce, RelyX U200, Maxcem Elite mostró resultados estadísticamente similares. Después de 5.000 procesos de ciclo térmico, se observó una disminución significativa en los valores de resistencia de la unión de G-CEM LinkAce (p<0.05). Conclusión: entre los cementos adhesivos utilizados en el estudio, TheraCem mostró los valores más altos de resistencia de la unión micro-extensible tanto en la línea de base (24 h) como después de 5,000 procedimientos de envejecimiento térmico.

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Abstract: Objective: This study investigated the effects of three types of mouthwash on the color stability of three resin-based restorative materials (nanohybrid resin composite, sonic-activated bulk-fill material, and compomer). Materials and Methods: To this end, 120 cylindrical disc specimens were prepared and polished, after which they were incubated in distilled water for 24 hours for post-polymerization. The baseline color values of each specimen were measured with a spectrophotometer, then the specimens were randomly divided into four groups. Following immersion in the mouthwashes for 24 hours, the specimens were rinsed with distilled water and dried before the color measurement was repeated. The values of color change (ΔE₀₀) were subsequently calculated. A two-way analysis of variance and Duncan's post hoc multiple comparison tests were conducted to determine statistically significant differences among the restorative materials. Results: All samples showed discoloration after immersion, albeit some instances of discoloration were imperceptible. In this respect, a statistically significant difference was found among the restorative materials and mouthwashes (p<0.05). Imperceptible ΔE₀₀ values were derived on the nanohybrid resin composite and compomer, but perceptible and acceptable ΔE₀₀ values were detected on the sonic-activated bulk-fill materials (p<0.05). The clinically unacceptable discoloration was observed on the sonic-activated bulk-fill composite immersed in Listerine®. Conclusions: Clinicians should make recommendations based on the potential staining capacity of mouthwashes prescribed for daily use in restorative materials. In this way, the need for renewal of restorations due to discoloration could be avoided.

Resumen: Objetivo: Este estudio investigó los efectos de tres tipos de enjuague bucal en la estabilidad del color de tres materiales de restauración a base de resina (resina nanohíbrida, resina bulk-fill de activación sónica y compómero). Materiales y Métodos: Para ello se prepararon y pulieron 120 muestras de discos cilíndricos, después de lo cual se incubaron en agua destilada durante 24 horas pospolimerización. Los valores de color de base de cada muestra se midieron con un espectrofotómetro, después las muestras se dividieron aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos. Tras la inmersión en los enjuagues bucales durante 24 horas, los especímenes se enjuagaron con agua destilada y se secaron antes de repetir la medición del color. Posteriormente se calcularon los valores de cambio de color (ΔE₀₀). Se llevó a cabo un análisis bidireccional de la varianza y las pruebas de comparación múltiple post hoc de Duncan para determinar las diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los materiales de restauración. Resultados: Todas las muestras mostraron decoloración después de la inmersión, aunque algunos casos esta fue imperceptible. Se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los materiales de restauración y los enjuagues bucales (p<0,05). Se obtuvieron valores imperceptibles de ΔE₀₀ en el compuesto de resina nanohíbrida y el compómero, pero se detectaron valores perceptibles y aceptables de ΔE₀₀ en la resina bulk-fill activada sónicamente (p<0,05). Se observó una decoloración clínicamente inaceptable en la resina bulk-fill activada sónicamente inmersa en Listerine®. Conclusiones: Los clínicos deben hacer recomendaciones basadas en la capacidad potencial de coloración de los enjuagues bucales prescritos para uso diario en los materiales de restauración. De esta manera, se podría evitar la necesidad de renovar las restauraciones debido a la decoloración.

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Plastination is currently the most important anatomical preservation technique due to the possibility of preserving bodies and organs for an indefinite period, in a dry and biosecure form, while preserving the morphological characteristics of the tissues. However, the shrinkage of the samples is also part of the plastination, perhaps becoming one of its few disadvantages. This paper presents the shrinkage caused by the classic technique of sheet plastination with polyester resin (Biodur® P40) in human brain slices, with the aim of statistically establishing the percentages of tissue shrinkage caused by this plastination protocol.

La plastinación es actualmente la técnica de preservación anatómica más importante debido a la posibilidad de preservar los cuerpos y órganos por un período indefinido, en forma seca y biosegura, al tiempo que preserva las características morfológicas de los tejidos. Sin embargo, la retracción de las muestras también es parte de la plastinación, quizás convirtiéndose en una de sus pocas desventajas. Este artículo presenta la retracción causada por la técnica clásica de plastinación de cortes con resina poliéster (Biodur® P40) en cortes de cerebro humano, con el objetivo de establecer estadísticamente los porcentajes de retracción de tejidos causados por este protocolo de plastinación.

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Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de ácido fluorídrico com diferentes tempos e concentrações na superfície de materiais restauradores indiretos obtidos a partir de blocos utilizados na tecnologia CAD-CAM. Materiais e Métodos: Amostras dos materiais restauradores indiretos medindo 4x4x0,8mm foram obtidos a partir de blocos CAD para cada material estudado: resina nanocerâmica Lava Ultimate (3M Espe), monossilicato de lítio reforçado por zircônia Celtra Duo (Dentsply) e cerâmica híbrida Vita Enamic (Vita). Os materiais foram submetidos à aplicação de ácido fluorídrico com concentração de 5% ou 10%, sendo o mesmo aplicado pelos tempos de 20, 40, 60 ou 90 segundos. Um grupo controle para cada material foi avaliado, sem nenhum tratamento de superfície, contabilizando nove grupos de cada material (n=10). As amostras foram avaliadas em relação à rugosidade de superfície (Ra e Rz), avaliadas em microscopia óptica confocal; ângulo de contato (θ), energia de superfície (s) e energia livre total de interação (∆G) avaliados em goniômetro, e resistência de união ao cimento resinoso avaliada através do teste de microcisalhamento. Imagens das amostras foram obtidas em microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), microscopia óptica confocal e microscopia de força atômica. Os dados de rugosidade de superfície, ângulo de contato, energia de superfície, energia livre total de interação e resistência de união foram submetidos à ANOVA dois fatores e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que, de maneira geral, o monosilicato de lítio reforçado por zircônia Celtra Duo apresentou melhores resultados quando submetido ao condicionamento com ácido fluorídrico 10% por 40 ou 60 segundos de aplicação. A resina nanocerâmica Lava Ultimate apresentou melhor performance quando condicionada com ácido fluorídrico 10% por 20 ou 40 segundos, enquanto que a cerâmica híbrida Vita Enamic apresentou melhores resultados quando condicionada com ácido fluorídrico 5% por 90 segundos. Conclusão: Cada material interagiu de maneira diferente ao condicionamento com ácido fluorídrico, sendo que o conhecimento do adequado protocolo para cada material é essencial para garantir melhorias nos processos de adesão e durabilidade das restaurações indiretas. Celtra Duo apresentou de maneira geral propriedades mecânicas superiores aos demais. Relevância clínica: Recomenda-se protocolos específicos de tratamento de superfície com ácido fluorídrico de acordo com a composição de cada material restaurador indireto(AU)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different times and concentration of hydrofluoric acid etching on the surface of indirect restorative materials obtained from blocks used in CAD-CAM technology. Methods and Materials: Samples of indirect restorative materials measuring 4x4x0.8mm were obtained for each restorative material studied: Lava Ultimate nanoceramic resin (3M Espe), Celtra Duo zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (Dentsply) and Vita Enamic polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network material (Vita). The materials were submitted to etching with 5% or 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20, 40, 60 or 90 seconds. A control group for each material was evaluated without any surface treatment, totaling nine experimental groups for each material (n = 10). The samples were evaluated in relation to surface roughness (Ra and Rz), evaluated by confocal optical microscopy; contact angle (θ), surface energy (s) and total free interaction energy (∆G) evaluated by goniometer; and microshear bond strength to resin cement. Sample images were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Data of surface roughness, contact angle, surface energy, total free interaction energy and bond strength were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Results: The results showed that, in general, the Celtra Duo zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic showed better results when subjected to etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 40 or 60 seconds. Lava Ultimate nanoceramic resin showed better performance when etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 or 40 seconds, while Vita Enamic polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network showed better results when etched with 5% hydrofluoric acid for 90 seconds. Conclusion: Each material showed different characteristics after etching with hydrofluoric acid, and the knowledge of the proper protocol for each material is essential to ensure improvements in the adhesion process and durability of indirect restorations. Celtra Duo presents general ways of mechanical properties superior to the others. Clinical relevance: Specific surface treatment protocols with hydrofluoric acid are recommended based on the different compositions of indirect restorative materials(AU)

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