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Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technology allows the use of different manufacturing techniques. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the marginal fit of temporary restorations manufactured using conventional chairside methods, milling, and three-dimensional printing. Fifteen 3-element temporary restorations specimens were produced and categorized into three groups: non-digital, obtained using the conventional chairside method (GC); milled (GM); and three-dimensionally printed (GP). Marginal fit was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) performed under two conditions: one with only the central screw tightened, and the other with all three screws tightened. Horizontal misfit values were categorized as over-, equal-, and under-extended and qualitatively analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Tukey-Kramer test (α=0.05). In the vertical assessment, three-dimensionally printed restorations demonstrated greater misfit than restorations obtained by milling and the conventional chairside method (P<0.05). In the horizontal assessment, the misfit in the GP group was significantly higher than that in the GM and GC groups. Restorations obtained using the conventional chairside method and milled provisional restorations showed more favorable results than three-dimensionally printed restorations.

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Various forms of temporary resins are offered on the market; however, the properties of temporary resins obtained by milling and 3D printing have not been fully examined. This study aimed to compare the flexural strength and Vickers hardness of milled and 3D-printed resins. Methods: Three resins were tested: Evolux PMMA (milled resin), Cosmos Temp (3D-printed resin), and Structur 2 SC (bis-acrylic resin, group control). Specimens were prepared with rectangular shapes (n = 12) for flexural strength measurements and disc shapes (n = 9) for Vickers hardness tests. Flexural strength tests were performed at a crosshead speed of 0.75 mm/min, and the Vickers hardness was measured under a load of 20 N for 10 s. The obtained data were subjected to the Kruskal­Wallis test. Results: A significant difference (p < 0.05) in flexural strength was observed among the three sample groups: Evolux PMMA (111.76 MPa), Structur 2 SC (87.34 MPa), and Cosmos Temp (56.83 MPa). No significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between the Vickers hardness values of Structur 2 SC (33.37 VHN) and Evolux PMMA (29.11 VHN); however, both materials were statistically superior to Cosmos Temp (10.90 VHN). Conclusion: While the mechanical properties of the milled resin were superior or similar to those of the bisacrylic resin, the 3D-printed resin was statistically inferior to both the milled and bis-acrylic resins

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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the decision-making by patients to replace temporary restorations with permanent restorations after endodontic treatment and to verify the associated factors and evaluate the quality/integrity of the temporary restorative material within one month. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using non-probabilistic sampling which analyzed patients after one month of endodontic treatment. The self-administered questionnaire contained sociodemographic, treatment decision-making and endodontic treatment questions. The restoration present in the mouth was evaluated in the clinical oral examination. The Poisson Regression test was used to verify the prevalence ratio. Results: The prevalence failure to perform permanent restorations was 61.1% of patients, and 42.7% reported not having adhered. The reasons are lack of time and not knowing the importance of replacing the restoration with a definitive one. The glass ionomer temporary restorative frequency was higher among those who chose not to replace the temporary restoration with a permanent one (PR=5.19; 95%CI 2.10-12.33). In addition, there was an association between the quality of the restorative material and the type of material, and the best clinical quality of the restoration was statistically associated with glass ionomer and composite resin. Conclusions: The findings show the importance of guidance by the dental surgeon in helping patients decide to replace their temporary restoration

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Maintaining natural-looking soft tissues around dental implants is one of the biggest challenges for the restorative team. To achieve this, the emergence profile of the preexisting teeth in the alveolus can be emulated rather than conditioning the soft tissue architecture arbitrarily. The biotransfer technique uses an interim restoration with a biologically driven emergence profile fabricated before the implant surgery.

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Objective: To evaluate color and surface gloss stability of bis-acryl resins and resin composites, submitted to artificial staining with cigarette smoke. Material and Methods: Specimens of each material were prepared (n=15). Two resin composites (GrandioSO [RCG], Filtek Supreme [RCZ]) and five bis-acryl resins (Luxatemp Star [BisLUX], Protemp4 [BisPRO], Structor3 [BisSTR], Visalys Temp [BisVIS] and Yprov [BisYPR]) were tested. Initial color was assessed using a spectrophotometer and surface gloss with a glossmeter. Samples were submitted to smoke exposure (10 cigarettes under 8 minutes per cycle). After 3 and 6 cycles, color and gloss were reassessed. Final readings were performed after brush prophylaxis. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). Results: Differences and interaction of factors (p<0.01) were detected for both color and gloss readings. Resin composites were the least affected by aging, with gloss reduction after prophylaxis. Differences were detected among bis-acryl resins, with better results for BisLUX and BisPRO. BisPRO and BisSTR, showed reduction in gloss after 60 cigarettes, while BisYPR gloss decreased at all evaluated periods. Conclusion: Resin composites are less susceptible to changes after smoke exposure, while bis-acryl resins results are brand-dependent. Prophylaxis negatively influenced the surface gloss of most of the tested materials (AU)

Objetivo: Avaliar a estabilidade de cor e brilho superficial de resinas compostas e bisacrílicas, submetidos ao manchamento artificial por fumaça de cigarro. Material e Métodos: Foram preparados espécimes de cada material (n=15). Duas resinas compostas (GrandioSO [RCG], Filtek Supreme [RCZ]) e cinco resinas bisacrílicas (Luxatemp Star [BisLUX], Protemp4 [BisPRO], Structor3 [BisSTR], Visalys Temp [BisVIS] e Yprov [BisYPR]) foram testados. A cor inicial foi avaliada usando um espectrofotômetro e o brilho de superfície com um medidor de brilho. As amostras foram submetidas à exposição de fumaça de cigarro (10 cigarros com até 8 minutos por ciclo). Após 3 e 6 ciclos, a cor e o brilho foram reavaliados. As leituras finais foram realizadas após a profilaxia escova de robinson. Os dados foram analisados usando de medidas repetidas e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: Foram detectadas diferenças e interação de fatores (p<0,01) tanto para leituras de cor quanto para leituras de brilho. As resinas compostas foram as menos afetados pelo envelhecimento, com redução do brilho após a profilaxia. Foram detectadas diferenças entre as resinas bisacrílicas, com melhores resultados para BisLUX e BisPRO. BisPRO e BisSTR, mostraram redução de brilho após 60 cigarros, enquanto que o brilho da BisYPR diminuiu em todos os períodos avaliados. Conclusão: As resinas compostas são as menos suscetíveis a mudanças após a exposição à fumaça, enquanto os resultados das resinas bisacrílicas são dependentes da marca. A profilaxia influenciou negativamente o brilho de superfície da maioria dos materiais testados.(AU)

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Objective: To evaluate the ability of different separating mediums to prevent adhesion between provisional restorations and hybridized dentin surfaces when used with the Immediate Dentin Sealing technique (IDS). Material and Methods: 120 extracted human teeth ­ 40 premolars and 80 molars ­ were selected to integrate acrylics samples separated into 4 different groups (n=10) according to the separating medium used for IDS protection. Forty samples were made of three teeth mounted in a self-cure acrylic resin block (Jet, Classic, São Paulo, Brazil) arranged side by side, simulating the positioning and proximal contacts present in the dental arch between the second premolar, first molar and second molar. A standard dental preparation for ultra-thin occlusal veneer was performed and complete occlusal dentin exposure was achieved by selective removal of the occlusal enamel with a high-speed conical round burr (Code: 1801.4138 FG, KG Sorensen, Medical Burs Ind. e Com. de Pontas e Brocas Cirúrgicas Ltda, São Paulo, Brazil). Dentin hybridization were performed on the control group and 3 different groups of separating mediums (n=10): PC­commercial provisional separating agent (Pro-V Coat, Bisco, Schaumburg, USA); GG­glycerin gel (K-Y Gel; Johnson & Johnson Industry and Commerce LTDA, São Paulo, Brazil); PJ­petroleum jelly (Rioquímica, São Paulo, Brazil). Provisionalization were manufactured on the prepared teeth. After 2 weeks, the tensile test was performed, and the analysis of the failure pattern was performed by 3D laser confocal microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The data were analyzed with the 1-way ANOVA and the Tukey test (α = 0.05). Results: Significantly lower tensile strength values were found for the commercial provisional separating agent (30.39 ± 10.01 N) compared to others (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The commercial provisional separating agent showed greater effectiveness on protecting hybridized dentin against the provisional restorations (AU)

Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade de diferentes agentes isolantes em prevenir a adesão entre as restaurações provisórias e a superfícies de dentina hibridizadas quando usados com a técnica do Selamento Dentinário Imediato (IDS). Material e Métodos: 120 dentes humanos extraídos - 40 pré-molares e 80 molares - foram selecionados para integrar as amostras de acrílico divididas em 4 grupos diferentes (n = 10) de acordo com o meio de separação usado para proteção IDS. Foram confeccionadas 40 amostras de três dentes montados em um bloco de resina acrílica autopolimerizável (Jet, Classic, São Paulo, Brasil) dispostos lado a lado, simulando o posicionamento e os contatos proximais presentes na arcada dentária entre o segundo pré-molar, primeiro molar e segundo molar. Um preparo dentário padrão para laminado oclusal ultrafino foi realizado e a exposição completa da dentina oclusal foi obtida pela remoção seletiva do esmalte oclusal com uma broca cônica arredondada de alta rotação (Código: 1801.4138 FG, KG Sorensen, Medical Burs Ind. E Com. de Pontas e Brocas Cirúrgicas Ltda, São Paulo, Brasil). A hibridização da dentina foi realizada no grupo controle e em 3 grupos diferentes de agentes isolantes (n = 10): PC - agente de separação provisório comercial (Pro-V Coat, Bisco, Schaumburg, EUA); GG ­ gel de glicerina (K-Y Gel; Johnson & Johnson Industry and Commerce LTDA, São Paulo, Brasil); PJ ­ vaselina (Rioquímica, São Paulo, Brasil). As restaurações provisórias foram fabricadas nos dentes preparados. Após 2 semanas, foi realizado o teste de tração, e a análise do padrão de falha foi realizada por microscopia confocal a laser 3D e Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV). Os dados foram analisados com a ANOVA de 1 fator e o teste de Tukey (α = 0,05). Resultados: Valores de resistência à tração significativamente menores foram encontrados para o agente separador provisório comercial (30,39 ± 10,01 N) em comparação com os demais (p < 0,05). Conclusão: O agente separador provisório comercial mostrou maior eficácia para a proteção da dentina hibridizada contra as restaurações provisórias (AU)

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Objetivos: Realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre métodos de rehabilitación mínimamente invasivos, y presentar un caso clínico acerca de un nuevo procedimiento denominado sistematización adhesiva temporaria (SAT), destinado a pacientes que presentan pérdida de sustancia dentaria y que se caracteriza como un abordaje terapéutico predecible para transferir el proyecto rehabilitador (encerado) a la boca del paciente mediante 3 pasos bien definidos y con objetivos específicos. Caso clínico: Un paciente adulto joven de sexo masculino con desgastes severos por bruxismo es rehabilitado temporalmente con resinas compuestas (SAT) para devolver la anatomía perdida en forma adhesiva y conservadora, siguiendo un protocolo de abordaje terapéutico predecible denominado EGOP (estéticamente guiado y oclusalmente protegido). Este procedimiento, que es considerado muchas veces de transición previo a las restauraciones finales, nos permite evaluar la estética, la oclusión y mejorar la comunicación entre el equipo de trabajo para poder realizar el cambio por restauraciones cerámicas en forma gradual. En aquellos pacientes que necesitan rehabilitaciones totales producto del desgaste dentario severo, la SAT puede ser una herramienta que facilite al odontólogo la posibilidad de restablecer los patrones oclusales y estéticos perdidos sin la necesidad de realizar desgastes dentarios y provisionales como se hacía clásicamente (AU)

Aims: To carry out a literature review on minimally-invasive rehabilitation methods and to present a clinical case on a new procedure called Temporary Adhesive Systemization (TAS), intended for patients that show a considerable loss of dental substance, characterized by a predictable therapeutic approach to transfer the rehabilitation diagnosis wax-up through 3 well defined steps and with specific objectives to the patient´s dentition. Clinical case: A young adult male patient with severe wear due to bruxism is temporarily rehabilitated with composite resins (TAS) to return the lost anatomy in a conservative way, following a predictable therapeutic approach protocol called EGOP (aesthetically guided and occlusally protected). This procedure, which is often considered transitional prior to final restorations, allows us to evaluate aesthetics, occlusion, improve communication between the working team and to be able to gradually change for ceramic restorations. In patients that need full rehabilitation due to severe dental erosion, TAS is a predictable procedure that helps the dentist to re-establish the loss of aesthetical and occlusal patterns, without the need of preparing the teeth for the classic provisional restorations (AU)

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ABSTRACT: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate measurement accordance using an electronic apex locator for estimation of working length in endodontics when different restorative materials for interim crown restoration are utilized. For this study, 13 single-rooted premolars with endodontic occlusal access cavity were prepared. To establish the working length of each tooth, these were mounted in alginate and with the help of an electronic foramen locator and endodontic file K-file # 15, the working length was established. This length was later compared to the estimated working lengths using different intermediate restoration materials. These materials were: Superior Chemfil, Ketac ™ Molar Easymix and Filtek z350 resin. In the electronic measurements, an acceptable tolerance range of variation up to ± 0.5 mm was considered. Highest discrepancies were considered erroneous. For these measurements, central tendency and dispersion were analyzed. The Bland-Altman method was used, and the ANOVA test with a significance level of p <0,05 for statistic difference. Regarding measurements' acceptability and the type of interim restoration material utilized, 7 were acceptable, and 6 were unacceptable for ChemFil Superior, 12 were acceptable and 1 unacceptable for Ketac™ Molar Easymix, and 11 were acceptable and 2 were unacceptable for Filtek Z350 composite resin. The average difference between all electronic measurements was 0.29 (± 0.44). Chemfill Superior showed the most prominent variation between measurements 0.58 (± 0.45). When using an electronic apex locator, measurements showed statistically significant differences depending on the interim restoration material of choice (p<0.05). In conclusion, the measurement accordance using electronic apex locator to estimation the working length is higher, however the electronic estimation of working length can be significatively affected by the material chosen for interim temporary restoration.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio in vitro, fue evaluar la concordancia de las estimaciones de longitud de trabajo mediante localizador electrónico de foramen, utilizando diferentes materiales de restauración intermedia coronaria. Para tales fines fueron preparados 13 premolares uniradiculares con cavidad de acceso oclusal endodóntico. Para establecer la a longitud de trabajo de cada diente, estos fueron montados en alginato y con la ayuda de un localizador electrónico de foramen y lima de endodoncia K-file #15 fue establecida la longitud de trabajo. Esta longitud fue comparada posteriormente con las longitudes de trabajo estimadas utilizando diferentes materiales de restauración in- termedia. Estos materiales fueron: Chemfil superior, Ketac™ Molar Easymix y resina Filtek z350. En las mediciones electrónicas, se consideró un rango de tolerancia aceptable de variación hasta ± 0,5 mm. Las discrepancias mayores se consideraron erróneas. Se calcularon medidas de tendencia central y la dispersión. Se utilizó el método de Bland- Altman y la prueba ANOVA con un nivel de significancia de p <0,05. Con respecto a la aceptabilidad de las mediciones y el tipo de material de restauración intermedia, 7 fueron aceptables y 6 fueron inaceptables para ChemFil Superior, 12 fueron aceptables y 1 inaceptable para Ketac ™ Molar Easymix, y 11 fueron aceptables y 2 fueron inaceptables para el compuesto Filtek Z350 resina. La diferencia promedio entre todas las mediciones electrónicas fue de 0,29 (± 0,44). Chemfil Superior mostró la mayor variación entre medicio- nes 0,58 (± 0,45). Las mediciones mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas dependiendo del material de restauración intermedio elegido (p <0,05). En conclusión, la concordancia en la estimación de la longitud de trabajo usando localizador electrónico de foramen es alta, sin embargo, puede verse afectada significativamente por el material de obturación intermedio.

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Introducción: El reemplazo de restauraciones defectuosas representa la mayor parte de la práctica del odontólogo, lo que lleva a una perdida mayor del remanente dentario ante cada reemplazo. Objetivo: Determinar si existe variación del criterio clínico en alumnos frente a la decisión de recambio en restauraciones de resina compuesta previo y posterior al reacondicionamiento. Material y Métodos: Estudio analítico transversal. Se contó con una muestra de 40 estudiantes de quinto año de un universo de 72. Se utilizó un set fotográfico, que contaba con restauraciones defectuosas, en uno o más parámetros según los criterios RYGE/USPHS, las cuales posteriormente se reacondicionaron, por lo que se contaba con las fotografías del antes y del después del tratamiento conservador. Se realizó una encuesta a partir de las fotografías mostradas en la cual debían indicar la elección de tratamiento. Resultados: Se observó que hay una gran variación de elección de tratamiento previo a ser reparadas con tratamientos conservadores: 38 por ciento y no conservador de 62 por ciento y frente a la misma restauración de resina posterior a haber sido intervenida la elección de tratamiento conservador fue de 83 por ciento y no conservador 17 por ciento. Mediante el Test de McNemar se obtuvo un p<0.0001 entre elección de tratamiento conservador por sobre el no conservador posterior a haber sido realizada el reacondicionamiento de la restauración. Conclusiones: Existe un cambio en la percepción sobre la indicación de tratamiento de restauraciones defectuosas, a favor de una alternativa conservadora, después de que han sido intervenidas con procedimientos mínimamente invasivos(AU)

Introduction: The replacement of defective restorations, which leads to a greater loss of the dental remnant before each replacement, represents the large majority of the dentist's practice. Objective: To determine if there is any variation in students´ clinical criterion in relation to the decision of replacement of composite resin restorations prior to and following reconditioning. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted. The sample was composed of 40 fifth-year students in a universe of 72. A set of photographs showing defective restorations in one or more parameters evaluated according to RYGE / USPHS criteria was used. They were later reconditioned, so there were photographs prior to and following conservative treatment. Based on the photographs shown, a survey in which they had to indicate the choice of treatment was performed. Results: We observed that there is a great variation in the choice of treatment prior to the repair with conservative treatments (38 percent) and non-conservative ones (62 percent), compared to the same resin restoration after the choice of conservative treatment (83 percent) and non-conservative one (17 percent). Using the McNemar Test, p<0.0001 was obtained between the choice of conservative treatment over the non-conservative one after the restoration reconditioning had been performed. Conclusions: There is a change in perception of the indication of treatment to repair defective restorations towards a conservative alternative after they have undergone minimally invasive procedures(AU)

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Una adecuada radiopacidad de los materiales para restauraciones provisorias permite su evaluación en el examen radiográfico. Sin embargo, existe gran desconocimiento sobre el cumplimiento de los requerimientos establecidos por la norma ISO 4049. El objetivo del siguiente estudio fue determinar la radiopacidad de los materiales para provisionalización presentes en el mercado nacional y corroborar si estos cumplen con el valor mínimo requerido por la normativa. Se realizó un estudio experimental in vitro, en el cual se prepararon muestras en forma de discos de 10 mm de diámetro y 1 mm de espesor de resinas acrílicas: Acrílico Autocurable (Marché®), Duralay (Reliance), Caulkâ (Dentsply), ALIKE™ (GC) y resinas bisacrílicas: Protemp™4 (3M, 2008), LuxatempStar (DMG), Luxacrown (DMG), Structur Premium (VOCO), ExperTemp™ (Ultradent) y Acrytemp (Zhermack). Las muestras fueron radiografiadas junto a una cuña de aluminio escalonada. Las imágenes fueron analizadas para determinar el valor en escala de grises y su respectivo valor en mm de aluminio. Los datos fueron analizados para verificar si cumplen con la normativa ISO. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La radiopacidad equivalente de las resinas acrílicas en mm de Al en orden descendente fue de 0,85 ± 0,08 para ALIKE™, 0,72 ± 0,32 para acrílico Marché®, 0,65 ± 0,25 para Caulkâ y 0,56 ± 0,05 para Duralay, siendo todos menores a lo requerido por la norma. La radiopacidad equivalente de las resinas bisacrílicas fue de 1,75 ± 0,2 para Acrytemp, 1,51± 0,27 para Luxacrown, 1,47 ± 0,14 para Structur Premium, 1,43 ± 0,23 para LuxatempStar, 1,02 ± 0,28 para Protemp™4 y 1± 0,1 para ExperTemp™, los cuales son mayores a lo exigido por la norma. En conclusión, las resinas bisacrílicasevaluadas en este estudio cumplen con el requisito de radiopacidad exigido, a diferencia de las acrílicas que no lo cumplen.

An adequate radiopacity of materials for provisionalization allows its proper evaluation on the radiographicexam. However, there is a lack of knowledge about compliance with the requirements established by the ISO 4049 norm. The aim of this study was to determine the radiopacity of provisionalization materials available in the national market and verify if they comply with the minimum requirements of ISO regulations. An in vitro experimental study was carried out, samples of 10 mm in diameter and 1 mm thickness of acrylic resins: Self-Cure Acrylic (Marché®), Duralay (Reliance), Caulkâ (Dentsply), Alike™ (GC) and by sacrilic resins: Protemp™4 (3M), Luxatemp Star (DMG), Luxacrown (DMG), Structur Premium (VOCO), ExperTemp™ (Ultradent), Acrytemp (Zhermack) were prepared. The samples were x-rayed together with a stepped aluminum wedge. The images were analyzed to determine the gray scale value and its equivalent value in mm of Aluminum. The data was analyzed to verify compliance with the ISO standard. Statistically significant differences were found. The equivalent radiopacity of acrylicresins in mm of Al in descending order was 0.85± 0.08 for ALIKE™, 0.72 ± 0.32 for acrylic Marché®, 0.65 ± 0.25 forCaulkâ and 0.56 ± 0.05 forDuralay, all being less than the required by norm. The equivalent radiopacity of by sacrilic resins was 1.75 ± 0.2 for Acrytemp, 1.51± 0.27 for Luxacrown, 1.47 ± 0.14 for Structur Premium, 1.43 ± 0.23 for LuxatempStar, 1.02 ± 0.28 forProtemp™4 and 1± 0.1 forExperTemp™,which are greater than the requirements. In conclusion, the bisacrylic resins evaluated in this study comply with the radiopacity standard, however the acrylic resins evaluated do not comply.

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