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Fundamento: la finalidad de la estrategia curricular Dominio del Idioma Inglés, propuesta por la subcomisión de estrategias curriculares de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana desde el 2009, es la competitividad idiomática de los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: diseñar acciones metodológicas para la implementación de la estrategia curricular Dominio del Idioma Inglés en la carrera de Medicina de la Filial Universitaria Municipal de Santo Domingo. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo con enfoque mixto entre enero de 2011 y diciembre de 2013; se utilizaron métodos teóricos: análisis-síntesis e inducción-deducción y empíricos: análisis documental de la Resolución 210/2007, planes de trabajo metodológico y actas en los diferentes niveles organizativos, modelo del profesional y planes de clase; y la encuesta en forma de entrevista a directivos, y de cuestionario a docentes para identificar las principales insuficiencias en la preparación idiomática y metodológica. Resultados: se constató que las principales insuficiencias están relacionadas con la dirección y ejecución del trabajo metodológico interdisciplinar y con el pobre desarrollo de habilidades para la gestión de la información médica en idioma inglés, por lo que se diseñaron acciones metodológicas para lograr una mayor objetividad en la implementación interdisciplinar de esta estrategia que tribute al actual modelo del profesional de la salud. Conclusiones: las acciones fueron valoradas como pertinentes por criterios de especialistas, porque contribuyeron a transformar progresivamente la realización del trabajo metodológico para desarrollar una competencia idiomática interdisciplinar y profesional como garantía de un desempeño competente en contextos de habla inglesa.

Background: the purpose of the curricular strategy of the English Language command, proposed by the subcommittee of curricular strategies of Havana University of Medical Sciences since 2009 is the idiomatic competence of health professionals. Objective: to design methodological actions for the implementation of the curricular strategy of the English Language command in the Medicine career of Santo Domingo's Municipality Health University Site. Methods: it was carried out a development investigation with a combined approach from January 2011 to December 2013; theoretical methods were used: analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction and empiric ones: documental analysis of the 210/2007 Regulation from the Ministry of Higher Education , methodological plans and meeting records at different organizational levels, model of the professional and lesson plans; and the survey in interview form was applied to administrative leaders and a questionnaire was applied to the professors to identify the main inadequacies in the idiomatic and methodological preparation. Results: it was verified that the main inadequacies are related with the management and execution of the interdisciplinary methodological work and with the poor development of abilities for the medical information management in the English language, that's why methodological actions were designed to achieve a bigger objectivity in the interdisciplinary implementation of this strategy that contributes with the current model of health professionals. Conclusions: the actions were valued as pertinent by the specialists' criteria, because they contributed to transform the work with the methodological activity progressively to develop an interdisciplinary and professional idiomatic competence as guarantee of a competent performance in English-speaking contexts.

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Phytoplankton species collected from the limnetic to euryhaline sections of Tehuantepec River were identified, classified and compared with regional information from Mexico and South America. We collected 15 samples every three months from July 1997 through August 1998 with a 20 microm net and a Van Dorn bottle. Indicator values and a code checklist are included. A total of 58 families, 121 genera, 273 species, one subspecies, 75 varieties, 13 forms and one morphotype were identified in the taxa Bacillariophyta (42.0 %), Chlorophyta (29.0 %), Cyanoprocaryota (18.0 %), Euglenophyta (5.0 %), Dinophyta (3.0 %), Cryptophyta (2.0 %) and Chrysophyta (1.0 %). The predominant families were Scenedesmaceae (24 species), Oocystaceae (22), Bacillariophyceae (21), Chaetocerotaceae (15) and Euglenaceae (14). Five families, eight genera, 72 species, 45 varieties and eight forms are first records for Mexico. The species Chroococcus turgidus, Microcystis flosaquae and Pseudanabaena limnetica (which produce massive blooms or red tides) are important in this river of moderate water quality.

El fitoplancton recolectado en el río Tehuantepec con características limnéticas a eurihalinas se determinó, clasificó y comparó con información regional de México y Suramérica. Se incluyen valores indicadores y un código del listado florístico para facilitar el manejo de estas algas. Se determinó un total de 58 familias, 121 géneros, 273 especies, una subespecie, 75 variedades, 13 formas y un morfotipo, pertenecientes a las divisiones Bacillariophyta (42.0 %), Chlorophyta (29.0 %), Cyanoprocaryota (18.0 %), Euglenophyta (5.0 %), Dinophyta (3.0 %), Cryptophyta (2.0 %) y Chrysophyta (1.0 %). Las familias mejor representadas fueron Scenedesmaceae (24 especies), Oocystaceae (22), Bacillariophyceae (21), Chaetocerotaceae (15) y Euglenaceae (14). Se establecen nuevos registros para México: cinco familias, ocho géneros, 72 especies, 45 variedades y ocho formas. En este río, que presenta una moderada calidad del agua, sobresalieron las especies Chroococcus turgidus, Microcystis flosaquae y Pseudanabaena limnetica (como productoras de mareas rojas).

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Diversas florações da cianobactéria Microcystis aeruginosa têm sido observadas nas águas do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos nos últimos 15 anos, sem o devido estudo de sua distribuição e ocorrência ou do risco de contaminação do ecossistema aquático. Neste estudo, foram realizadas a identificação e a quantificação das cianobactérias da região estuarina da Lagoa dos Patos, particularmente M. aeruginosa, incluindo um levantamento quali-quantitativo dos principais grupos microfitoplanctônicos em relação à sua distribuição geográfica no estuário. Evidenciou-se que, ao longo de 12 meses, Microcystis aeruginosa esteve presente na região estuarina, com valor máximo de 1,3.106cél.Lû1 em dezembro de 1994 e mínimo de 1,5.105 cél.Lû1 em agosto de 1995, evidenciando a região norte do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos como sua principal fonte de entrada. Os períodos de maior abundância celular e colonial dessa cianobactéria foram consistentes com os resultados obtidos para os níveis de clorofila-a nas águas de superfície. Foram realizados testes de toxicidade (DL50 - 24 h) em camundongos com os extratos das florações de M. aeruginosa e foram determinadas, através de HPLCûDAD, as concentrações e algumas das variantes da hepatotoxina microcistina. As florações de M. aeruginosa observadas foram consideradas altamente tóxicas, com concentrações celulares de toxinas atingindo valores maiores que 1 mg.mgû1 p.s. e DL50 - 24 h menores que 100 mg.Kgû1 p.c. Encontraram-se diversas variantes da toxina microcistina, sendo microcistinaûLR a principal.

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Aspectos concernentes à morfogênese de Gallus gallus domesticus viabilizam estudos relacionados à ação da insulina sobre estruturas e topografia embrionárias. Na temperatura de 37,5ºC, ovos foram incubados por 24 h, injetados com 5 ml de insulina de suínos em 3 concentrações e reincubados por mais 72 h. As características morfológicas de 80 embriões foram avaliadas e, de acordo com a organização apresentada, classificados em 5 níveis de morfogênese. Em 21 embriões submetidos aos testes com a insulina registrou-se dismorfismo generalizado (4o nível), enquanto nos de experimento de controle foi verificado morfogênese-padrão (1o nível) e dismorfismo localizado (3o nível). Aqueles espécimes mostraram corpo com dimensões reduzidas, caracterizado por limites ântero-dorsal organizados em uma projeção cefálica e regiões posterior-ventral alteradas, evidenciando um padrão de anormalidades na determinação do eixo ântero-posterior, que indica a ação específica da insulina na morfogênese embrionária no período de 96 horas de incubação.

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Foram calculadas a extensão e sobreposição de nichos tróficos de dípteros caliptrados, criados em variados ambientes do Rio de Janeiro (área rural, urbana e florestal), utilizando-se diferentes substratos de criação (banana amassada, carcaça de camundongo, peixe (sardinha), fígado bovino, camarão e fezes humanas frescas. Foram criadas 14.294 moscas, pertencentes às famílias Calliphoridae, Fanniidae, Muscidae e Sarcophagidae.

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This retrospective study analyses the clinical presentation, surgical management and early outcome of 174 patients (mean age, 71 ñ 15 years) admitted for critical limb ischemia. 145 (84 percent) had tissue loss at admission including toe gangrene or ischemic ulcer in 77 and gangrene extending beyond the forefoot in 68. 87 primary limb amputations and 107 revascularizations were performed at iliofemoral (n=20), suprapopliteal (n=22) or infrapopliteal level. Postoperative mortality rate was not significantly different in the "Amputation" group (14 percent) and "Revascularizations" groups 9 percent. Infective complications were comparable in both groups although 5/14 deaths after amputations were were directly related to infections while all deaths after revascularizations resulted from cardiovascular complications. The early limb salvage after revascularizations was 82 percent. 19 secondary limb amputations were performed for bypass failure. Patients in whom primary amputations were required were older (p<0.03) and with significantly higher rates of heart diseases and non-ambulatory status (respectively 24 vs 17 percent, p<0.05 and 37 vs 13 percent, p<0.001) than patients in whom revascularizations were performed. The major findings were that ischemic rest pain and tissue loss confined to digit gangrene or ischemic ulcer were significantly more frequent in the group "Revascularizations" (p<0.0001), while extensive gangrene extending beyond the forefoot (p<0.0001) was significantly more frequent in group "Amputations". Therefore, late presentation of patients and enhanced tissue loss are very likely to play a role in our primary amputation rate, higher than those observed elsewhere. In patients amenable to revascularizations (56 percent), arterial reconstructiions for critical limb icshemia performed in the West Indies provide for a fair likelihood of limb salvage. (AU)

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OBJECTIVE; To determine the prevalence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infection in the population of Suriname in order to enhance the safety of blood transfusion in Suriname. DESIGN; Descriptive. SETTING; Academic Hospital, Paramaribo, Suriname. METHOD: Blood was examined of the 777 regular donors(constituting 97 procent of the total pool) who donated blood between 1 February and 1 June 1995 at the Blood Transfusion Centre of the Suriname Red Cross in Paramaribo, and also of the 140 patients with a sexually transmitted disease (STD) seen during the same period at the Dermatological centre of the Ministry of Health. All sera were sreened with particle agglutination. Sera which were not negative were subsequently tested with a western blot method which distinguishes between HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. RESUTLS. Three sera (0.4 percent) of the blood donors and 2(1.4 procent) of the STD patents were positive for HTLV-1(difference not significant). Nobody was found to be HTLV-2 positive. CONCLUSION; The HTLV-1 prevalence in the Suriname blood donors is similar to that of blood donors and general population of many regions in Brazil, but substantially lower than in several other regions in the Caribbean. Since examination of all donated blood is not a realistic option in Suriname it is recommended that all new regular blood donors should be tested for HTLV antibodies(AU)

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A hospital-based, case-control study of the association between current usage of oral contraceptives and first-time cases of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, or a venous thromboembolic event (deep vein thrombiosis or pulmonary embolus) was carried out in 17 countries from four regions (Africa, Europe, Asia, and Latin America, [including Jamaica]). A total of 3792 cases and 10,281 hospitalised controls matched for age were recruited during a 4-year period, ending June 1993. The study was designed to have sufficient power to detect a relative risk of 2 for developing each of the three study diseases, associated with current oral contraceptive use in each of the four regions, with the exception of acute myocardial infarction (for which all non European regions were combined) and for venous thromboembolic events in Asia, where these disorders are rare. This report describes the background, pilot study, methods, and the analyses carried out to validate the methods used in the study. (Au)

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This study was conducted to describe and compare various anthropometric, body composition, cardiorespiratory, metabolic and neuromuscular characteristics of 12 female athletes, members of the Puerto Rico national softball team. The subjects were divided into three categories according to their game specific requirements (game position): infielders (n = 5), outfielders (n = 4), and pitchers (n = 3). The mean and standard deviations of all the variables in each group was calculated. These athletes demonstrated high levels of body fat and below optimal levels of flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance, and muscular strength and endurance. The results revealed deficiencies in the health related fitness components and in the physical preparation for sports competition. These results also suggest that the subjects are at risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases, sport injuries, and poor sport performance

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Unwanted pregnancies occur in all social and economic classes and ethnic groups. They have excessive emotional consequences, affecting both the immediately involved and the total community. Abortus provocatus (induced abortion) as a possible solution for unwanted pregnancies usually arouses a great deal of commotion. A pro-choice and a pro-life movement exist, both representing opposite points of view. The "Stichting Lobi" (Foundation for sex education and family planning in Suriname) tries to prevent unwanted pregnancies. This report serves as an impulse for better management of this problem. Various speakers presented the subject from medical, legal and religious angles

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