RESUMO

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) caused by Leishmania infantum commonly progresses with renal and ophthalmic lesions associated with active systemic disease. As chronic inflammation related to immune complex deposits is a pathophysiological factor in the development of both glomerulonephritis and uveitis, we aimed to evaluate renal and ocular histopathological lesions and analyze whether they were related to each other and the clinical degree of the disease. For that, we evaluated 15 dogs from CanL-endemic areas. L. infantum PCR-positive dogs were studied according to disease severity into two different groups: Group-1 (G1) had data from seven dogs with mild to moderate CanL and no history of treatment, and G2 was formed with eight dogs with severe to terminal disease that had not responded to CanL treatment. Histopathological analysis of kidneys showed higher frequencies and intensities of glomerular basement membrane thickening (p = 0.026), deposits in glomeruli (p = 0.016), epithelial necrosis (p = 0.020), tubular dilatation (p = 0.003) and interstitial fibrosis (p = 0.04) in G2 dogs than in G1 dogs. Surprisingly, the histopathology of eye bulbs showed a higher frequency and intensity of retinitis (p = 0.019) in G1 dogs than in G2 dogs. The comparative analysis showed that there was no correspondence between histopathological findings in kidneys versus eyes in milder or more severe CanL. Our findings suggested that (1) clinically undetectable eye alterations can be more precocious than those in kidneys in the development of CanL, and (2) the lower frequency of eye lesions and higher frequency of renal lesions in dogs with terminal disease even after treatment indicate that therapy may have been effective in reducing CanL-associated ophthalmic disease but not proportionally in reducing kidney disease.

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RESUMO

This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Dioctophyme renale in stray dogs in the city of Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas received 146 wandering dogs for necropsy, sent by the City Hall of Pelotas from March 2012 to January 2020. Among the necropsied animals, seventeen dogs (11.64%) were diagnosed with dioctophymosis. Among these dogs, 11 were parasitized with one specimen in the right kidney, two dogs presented two specimens in the right kidney, and in other two dogs, the parasites were in the abdominal cavity. In one dog, two parasites were found in the left kidney; in another dog, both kidneys were parasitized, with two parasites in the right kidney and one in the left kidney. The data obtained in this study showed that the occurrence of D. renale in stray dogs in the city of Pelotas is high, and D. renale mainly parasitizes the right kidney.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Dioctophyme renale in stray dogs in the city of Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas received 146 wandering dogs for necropsy, sent by the City Hall of Pelotas from March 2012 to January 2020. Among the necropsied animals, seventeen dogs (11.64%) were diagnosed with dioctophymosis. Among these dogs, 11 were parasitized with one specimen in the right kidney, two dogs presented two specimens in the right kidney, and in other two dogs, the parasites were in the abdominal cavity. In one dog, two parasites were found in the left kidney; in another dog, both kidneys were parasitized, with two parasites in the right kidney and one in the left kidney. The data obtained in this study showed that the occurrence of D. renale in stray dogs in the city of Pelotas is high, and D. renale mainly parasitizes the right kidney.

Resumo Este trabalho possui como objetivo verificar a ocorrência de D. renale em cães errantes do município de Pelotas, no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal de Pelotas recebeu 146 cães errantes para necropsia, encaminhados pela Prefeitura Municipal de Pelotas, no período de março de 2012 a janeiro de 2020. Dentre os cães necropsiados, 17 animais foram diagnosticados com dioctofimose, determinando uma ocorrência de 11,64%. Desses animais, onze estavam parasitados com um exemplar no rim direito, dois animais possuíam dois exemplares no rim direito. Em dois animais, os parasitas estavam na cavidade abdominal; em um animal havia, dois parasitas no rim esquerdo e noutro animal os dois rins estavam parasitados, tendo dois exemplares no rim direito e um exemplar no rim esquerdo. Os dados obtidos neste trabalho permitem concluir que é elevada a ocorrência de D. renale nos cães errantes do município de Pelotas, parasitando principalmente o rim direito.

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RESUMO

Cystic echinococcosis, known as hydatidosis, is a parasitic zoonosis caused by the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus. Renal hydatidosis is a very rare condition, representing 1% to 2% of cases. We present an 18-year-old patient who, after suffering a trauma, experienced severe lower back pain and persistent gross hematuria disproportionate to the trauma. Ultrasonography and tomography revealed cystic images compatible with right renal hydatidosis and hemoperitoneum. In addition, rapid clinical deterioration was observed with decreased hematocrit, leading to lumpectomy with abundant cysts inside and outside the right kidney, without viable parenchyma. Therefore, a total nephrectomy was performed. The patient was discharged with albendazole treatment. Pathological anatomic analysis confirmed the diagnosis of hydatidosis. Surgery remains the best therapeutic option. The use of ultrasonography improves the early detection of zoonosis, especially in pediatric patients, and favors the use of more conservative therapeutic techniques.

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RESUMO

Renicolid digeneans are frequently observed in the renal tubules and ureters of seabirds, such Puffinus puffinus, a migratory species distributed along the Brazilian coast. However, few studies have focused on the relationship between renicolid infection and health status in P. puffinus. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe (i) renal and systemic alterations, (ii) the renicolids and (iii) the biological aspects associated with the presence of renicolids in P. puffinus. Gross and histological assays were performed in 93 P. puffinus stranded on the Paraná coast, southern Brazil, and renicolids were submitted to morphological and molecular assays. A high prevalence of renicolids in P. puffinus (71/93) was observed. In the kidney, the main microscopic findings were lymphocytic interstitial infiltrate, ductal ectasia and tubular necrosis. The renal lesions were significantly associated with the parasite infection. The morphological (n = 84) and molecular analyses (n = 2) confirmed the species as Renicola sloanei (100% and 95.9% of nucleotide identity with R. sloanei strains from P. puffinus and from Spheniscus demersus, respectively). In both parasitized and non-parasitized animals, cardiac and skeletal muscle degeneration and necrosis were the most frequent systemic changes. Therefore, the results suggest renicolids being a possible cause for the demonstrated renal alterations. A contribution of this parasite to a decreased health status of Puffinus puffinus along their migratory route is possible.

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RESUMO

A dioctofimatose é uma doença parasitária causada pelo helminto Dioctophyme renale, tendo como hospedeiros definitivos, cães, gatos, animais silvestres e também o homem, pois este parasito possui potencial zoonótico. Acomete os rins dos seus hospedeiros definitivos, geralmente o direito, mas podem ser encontrados também em outros locais. Embora seja descrito maior ocorrência de casos em cães, também há relatos desta parasitose em gatos. Uma das formas de diagnóstico é através da visualização de ovos do D. renale através do exame de urina. Porém, pelas características comportamentais dos gatos, a coleta de urina nesta espécie é de difícil execução. Portanto, através do estudo de técnicas para pesquisa de ovos deste parasito na urina dos gatos em sílica, presente nas caixas de areia, procura-se facilitar o diagnóstico nestes animais. Para realização deste trabalho, amostras de sílica foram contaminadas com urina contendo ovos de D. renale. As técnicas utilizadas para pesquisa de ovos foram: centrífugo-flutuação em solução hipersaturada glicosada, em duas densidades: 1.230g/ml e 1.275g/ml; flutuação espontânea em solução hipersaturada glicosada, em duas densidades: 1,230g/ml e 1,275g/ml e centrífugo-sedimentação. A avaliação das amostras foi realizada em diferentes tempos, distribuídos da seguinte forma: momento zero, 6 horas, 12 horas, 18 horas, 24 horas, 36 horas, 48 horas, 72 horas, 120 horas, 168 horas, 240 horas e 336 horas após contaminação do material. A técnica de centrífugo-sedimentação foi a que apresentou o melhor resultado, sendo possível identificar ovos morfologicamente viáveis de D. Renale durante os 14 dias de análise.(AU)

Dioctofimatosis is a parasitic disease caused by the helminth Dioctophyme renale, having as definitive hosts, dogs, cats, wild animals and also man, as this parasite has zoonotic potential. It affects the kidneys of its definitive hosts, usually the right, but can also be found in other places. Although a higher occurrence of cases in dogs has been described, there are also reports of this parasitosis in cats. One of the ways of diagnosing the disease is through the visualization of D. renale eggs through the urine exam. However, due to the behavioral characteristics of cats, urine collection in this species is difficult to perform. Therefore, through the study of techniques to search for eggs of this parasite in the urine of cats in silica, present in litter boxes, we seek to facilitate the diagnosis in these animals. To carry out this work, silica samples were contaminated with urine containing D. renale eggs. The techniques used for egg research were: centrifugal-flotation in glycosated hypersaturated solution, in two densities: 1,230g/ml and 1,275g/ml; spontaneous fluctuation in glycosated hypersaturated solution, in two densities: 1.230g/ml and 1.275g/ml and centrifugal-sedimentation. The evaluation of the samples was carried out at different times, distributed as follows: time zero, 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 120 hours, 168 hours, 240 hours and 336 hours after contamination of the material. The centrifugal-sedimentation technique showed the best result, making it possible to identify morphologically viable eggs from D. renale during the 14 days of analysis.(AU)

La dioctofimatosis es una enfermedad parasitaria causada por el helminto Dioctophyme renale, que tiene como hospedadores definitivos, perros, gatos, animales salvajes y también el hombre, ya que este parásito tiene potencial zoonótico. Afecta los riñones de sus huéspedes definitivos, generalmente el derecho, pero también se puede encontrar en otros lugares. Aunque se ha descrito una mayor incidencia de casos en perros, también hay informes de esta parasitosis en gatos. Una de las formas de diagnóstico es a través de la visualización de los huevos de D. renale a través del examen de orina. Sin embargo, debido a las características de comportamiento de los gatos, la recolección de orina en esta especie es difícil de realizar. Por lo tanto, a través del estudio de técnicas para buscar huevos de este parásito en laorina de gatos en sílice, presentes en cajas de arena, buscamos facilitar el diagnóstico en estos animales. Para llevar a cabo este trabajo, las muestras de sílice se contaminaron con orina que contenía huevos de D. renale. Las técnicas utilizadas para investigar los huevos fueron: flotación centrífuga en solución hipersaturada glicosilada, en dos densidades: 1.230 g/ml y 1.275 g/ml; fluctuación espontánea en solución glicosilada hipersaturada, en dos densidades: 1.230 g/ml y 1.275 g/ml y sedimentación centrífuga. La evaluación de las muestras se realizó en diferentes momentos, distribuidos de la siguiente manera: tiempo cero, 6 horas, 12 horas, 18 horas, 24 horas, 36 horas, 48 horas, 72 horas, 120 horas, 168 horas, 240 horas y 336 horas después de la contaminación del material. La técnica de sedimentación centrífuga mostró el mejor resultado, permitiendo identificar huevos morfológicamente viables de D. renale durante los 14 días de análisis.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Dioctophymosis is caused by Dioctophyme renale, a nematode that usually affects the right kidney of carnivores. The aim of this study was to report on a case of a dog with progressive weight loss and swollen abdomen that was diagnosed as presenting dioctophymosis. The patient underwent surgical treatment through which 34 nematodes were found, of which 18 were female and 16 were male, with a maximum length of 74 centimeters. The parasites were free in the abdominal cavity and inside the right kidney, and had caused peritonitis, free fluid, severe adherences between the abdominal organs and renal perforation. Parasitic diseases with a high number of specimens of this species are uncommon in dogs. The disease progresses with an inflammatory reaction and consequent formation of adherences and granulomatous tissue. This surrounds the eggs that were eliminated in the abdominal cavity by the free parasites. This disease occurs frequently in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, where the patient of this report was living. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the case with the largest number of specimens of D. renale removed from a single dog in vivo.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A dioctofimatose é uma doença parasitária causada pelo helminto Dioctophyme renale, tendo como hospedeiros definitivos, cães, gatos, animais silvestres e também o homem, pois este parasito possui potencial zoonótico. Acomete os rins dos seus hospedeiros definitivos, geralmente o direito, mas podem ser encontrados também em outros locais. Embora seja descrito maior ocorrência de casos em cães, também há relatos desta parasitose em gatos. Uma das formas de diagnóstico é através da visualização de ovos do D. renale através do exame de urina. Porém, pelas características comportamentais dos gatos, a coleta de urina nesta espécie é de difícil execução. Portanto, através do estudo de técnicas para pesquisa de ovos deste parasito na urina dos gatos em sílica, presente nas caixas de areia, procura-se facilitar o diagnóstico nestes animais. Para realização deste trabalho, amostras de sílica foram contaminadas com urina contendo ovos de D. renale. As técnicas utilizadas para pesquisa de ovos foram: centrífugo-flutuação em solução hipersaturada glicosada, em duas densidades: 1.230g/ml e 1.275g/ml; flutuação espontânea em solução hipersaturada glicosada, em duas densidades: 1,230g/ml e 1,275g/ml e centrífugo-sedimentação. A avaliação das amostras foi realizada em diferentes tempos, distribuídos da seguinte forma: momento zero, 6 horas, 12 horas, 18 horas, 24 horas, 36 horas, 48 horas, 72 horas, 120 horas, 168 horas, 240 horas e 336 horas após contaminação do material. A técnica de centrífugo-sedimentação foi a que apresentou o melhor resultado, sendo possível identificar ovos morfologicamente viáveis de D. Renale durante os 14 dias de análise.

Dioctofimatosis is a parasitic disease caused by the helminth Dioctophyme renale, having as definitive hosts, dogs, cats, wild animals and also man, as this parasite has zoonotic potential. It affects the kidneys of its definitive hosts, usually the right, but can also be found in other places. Although a higher occurrence of cases in dogs has been described, there are also reports of this parasitosis in cats. One of the ways of diagnosing the disease is through the visualization of D. renale eggs through the urine exam. However, due to the behavioral characteristics of cats, urine collection in this species is difficult to perform. Therefore, through the study of techniques to search for eggs of this parasite in the urine of cats in silica, present in litter boxes, we seek to facilitate the diagnosis in these animals. To carry out this work, silica samples were contaminated with urine containing D. renale eggs. The techniques used for egg research were: centrifugal-flotation in glycosated hypersaturated solution, in two densities: 1,230g/ml and 1,275g/ml; spontaneous fluctuation in glycosated hypersaturated solution, in two densities: 1.230g/ml and 1.275g/ml and centrifugal-sedimentation. The evaluation of the samples was carried out at different times, distributed as follows: time zero, 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 120 hours, 168 hours, 240 hours and 336 hours after contamination of the material. The centrifugal-sedimentation technique showed the best result, making it possible to identify morphologically viable eggs from D. renale during the 14 days of analysis.

La dioctofimatosis es una enfermedad parasitaria causada por el helminto Dioctophyme renale, que tiene como hospedadores definitivos, perros, gatos, animales salvajes y también el hombre, ya que este parásito tiene potencial zoonótico. Afecta los riñones de sus huéspedes definitivos, generalmente el derecho, pero también se puede encontrar en otros lugares. Aunque se ha descrito una mayor incidencia de casos en perros, también hay informes de esta parasitosis en gatos. Una de las formas de diagnóstico es a través de la visualización de los huevos de D. renale a través del examen de orina. Sin embargo, debido a las características de comportamiento de los gatos, la recolección de orina en esta especie es difícil de realizar. Por lo tanto, a través del estudio de técnicas para buscar huevos de este parásito en laorina de gatos en sílice, presentes en cajas de arena, buscamos facilitar el diagnóstico en estos animales. Para llevar a cabo este trabajo, las muestras de sílice se contaminaron con orina que contenía huevos de D. renale. Las técnicas utilizadas para investigar los huevos fueron: flotación centrífuga en solución hipersaturada glicosilada, en dos densidades: 1.230 g/ml y 1.275 g/ml; fluctuación espontánea en solución glicosilada hipersaturada, en dos densidades: 1.230 g/ml y 1.275 g/ml y sedimentación centrífuga. La evaluación de las muestras se realizó en diferentes momentos, distribuidos de la siguiente manera: tiempo cero, 6 horas, 12 horas, 18 horas, 24 horas, 36 horas, 48 horas, 72 horas, 120 horas, 168 horas, 240 horas y 336 horas después de la contaminación del material. La técnica de sedimentación centrífuga mostró el mejor resultado, permitiendo identificar huevos morfológicamente viables de D. renale durante los 14 días de análisis.

Assuntos

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract Dioctophymosis is caused by Dioctophyme renale, a nematode that usually affects the right kidney of carnivores. The aim of this study was to report on a case of a dog with progressive weight loss and swollen abdomen that was diagnosed as presenting dioctophymosis. The patient underwent surgical treatment through which 34 nematodes were found, of which 18 were female and 16 were male, with a maximum length of 74 centimeters. The parasites were free in the abdominal cavity and inside the right kidney, and had caused peritonitis, free fluid, severe adherences between the abdominal organs and renal perforation. Parasitic diseases with a high number of specimens of this species are uncommon in dogs. The disease progresses with an inflammatory reaction and consequent formation of adherences and granulomatous tissue. This surrounds the eggs that were eliminated in the abdominal cavity by the free parasites. This disease occurs frequently in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, where the patient of this report was living. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the case with the largest number of specimens of D. renale removed from a single dog in vivo.

Resumo A dioctofimose é causada por Dioctophyme renale, um nematódeo que geralmente afeta o rim direito de carnívoros. Este trabalho objetivou relatar o caso de um cão, com perda de peso progressiva e abaulamento abdominal, diagnosticado com dioctofimose. O paciente foi submetido a tratamento cirúrgico, o que permitiu o achado de 34 nematódeos, sendo 18 fêmeas e 16 machos, com tamanho máximo de 74 centímetros. Os parasitos encontravam-se livres na cavidade abdominal e no interior do rim direito, causando peritonite, formação de líquido livre, intensas aderências entre os órgãos abdominais e uma perfuração renal. Parasitoses com alto número de exemplares dessa espécie são incomuns em cães. Cursam com reação inflamatória, com consequente formação de aderências e tecido granulomatoso, envolvendo os ovos eliminados na cavidade abdominal pelos parasitos livres. A doença é frequente na cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, área de origem da paciente afetada. De acordo com a pesquisa realizada, acredita-se que esse é o caso com o maior número de exemplares de D. renale removidos de um cão in vivo.

Assuntos