RESUMO
The supplementation of Selenium-enriched probiotics is effective in reducing oxidative stress and maintaining meat quality stability in broiler chicken especially under heat stress. An experimental study was conducted to perform Comparative analysis of Selenium yeast with inorganic Se in broilers under heat stress. A total of 120 broilers chicks of one day were assigned to 4 groups each consisting 30 chicks fed on same basal diet but different selenium sources. The basal diet of group D1 was not supplemented with Se source (Negative control), group D2 basal diet was supplemented with inorganic selenium (Sodium selenite 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase), group D3 basal diet was supplemented with commercially available organic selenium (Seleno-methionine 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase) and group D4 basal diet was supplemented with self-developed organic selenium (Se-enriched yeast 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase). The performance parameters i.e. feed intake (FI), live body weight (BW) and FCR were not significantly (p>0.05) effected by selenium supplementation in the starter phase but were significantly (p<0.05) effected in the finisher phase. Selenium supplementation significantly (p<0.05) effected serum Se level in different supplemented groups. Higher serum Se value (58.20±0.06) was recorded in D4 group. Similarly significantly lower selenium value was recorded for D4 and higher was recorded for D1 (11.36±0.08). However lower serum Paraoxonase (PON) value was recorded for D4 (13.24±0.01) and higher for D1 (13.33±0.03). Comparatively self-developed Se enriched yeast increased the Se accumulation and improved antioxidant system. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was found higher in D4 (12.333±0.03) followed by D3, D2 and D1 respectively. Whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly lower (p<0.05) in D4 (0.1437±0.003) followed by D3 (0.1457±0.002). Selenium supplementation increased the [...].
A suplementação de probióticos enriquecidos com selênio é eficaz na redução do estresse oxidativo e na manutenção da estabilidade da qualidade da carne em frangos de corte, especialmente sob estresse por calor. Um estudo experimental foi conduzido para realizar uma análise comparativa da levedura selênio com o Se inorgânico em frangos de corte sob estresse térmico. Um total de 120 pintos de um dia foi dividido em 4 grupos, cada um consistindo de 30 pintos alimentados com a mesma dieta basal, mas com diferentes fontes de selênio. A dieta basal do grupo D1 não foi suplementada com fonte de Se (controle negativo), a dieta basal do grupo D2 foi suplementada com selênio inorgânico (selenito de sódio 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora), a dieta basal do grupo D3 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico disponível comercialmente (fase inicial de seleno-metionina 0,22 mg / kg e fase finalizadora de 0,15 mg / kg) e a dieta basal do grupo D4 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico autodesenvolvido (fermento enriquecido com Se 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora). Os parâmetros de desempenho, ou seja, consumo de ração (FI), peso corporal vivo (PC) e FCR não foram significativamente (p > 0,05) afetados pela suplementação de selênio na fase inicial, mas foram significativamente (p < 0,05) afetados na fase final. A suplementação de selênio afetou significativamente (p < 0,05) o nível de Se sérico em diferentes grupos suplementados. O maior valor de Se sérico (58,20 ± 0,06) foi registrado no grupo D4. Da mesma forma, valor de selênio significativamente menor foi registrado para D4 e maior foi registrado para D1 (11,36 ± 0,08). No entanto, um valor mais baixo de Paraoxonase (PON) sérica foi registrado para D4 (13,24 ± 0,01) e mais alto para D1 (13,33 ± 0,03). A levedura enriquecida com Se comparativamente autodesenvolvida aumentou o acúmulo de Se e melhorou o sistema [...].
Assuntos
Animais , Antioxidantes/análise , Galinhas/metabolismo , Resposta ao Choque Térmico , Selênio/administração & dosagem , Selênio/efeitos adversosRESUMO
The supplementation of Selenium-enriched probiotics is effective in reducing oxidative stress and maintaining meat quality stability in broiler chicken especially under heat stress. An experimental study was conducted to perform Comparative analysis of Selenium yeast with inorganic Se in broilers under heat stress. A total of 120 broilers chicks of one day were assigned to 4 groups each consisting 30 chicks fed on same basal diet but different selenium sources. The basal diet of group D1 was not supplemented with Se source (Negative control), group D2 basal diet was supplemented with inorganic selenium (Sodium selenite 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase), group D3 basal diet was supplemented with commercially available organic selenium (Seleno-methionine 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase) and group D4 basal diet was supplemented with self-developed organic selenium (Se-enriched yeast 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase). The performance parameters i.e. feed intake (FI), live body weight (BW) and FCR were not significantly (p>0.05) effected by selenium supplementation in the starter phase but were significantly (p<0.05) effected in the finisher phase. Selenium supplementation significantly (p<0.05) effected serum Se level in different supplemented groups. Higher serum Se value (58.20±0.06) was recorded in D4 group. Similarly significantly lower selenium value was recorded for D4 and higher was recorded for D1 (11.36±0.08). However lower serum Paraoxonase (PON) value was recorded for D4 (13.24±0.01) and higher for D1 (13.33±0.03). Comparatively self-developed Se enriched yeast increased the Se accumulation and improved antioxidant system. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was found higher in D4 (12.333±0.03) followed by D3, D2 and D1 respectively. Whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly lower (p<0.05) in D4 (0.1437±0.003) followed by D3 (0.1457±0.002). Selenium supplementation increased the [...].(AU)
A suplementação de probióticos enriquecidos com selênio é eficaz na redução do estresse oxidativo e na manutenção da estabilidade da qualidade da carne em frangos de corte, especialmente sob estresse por calor. Um estudo experimental foi conduzido para realizar uma análise comparativa da levedura selênio com o Se inorgânico em frangos de corte sob estresse térmico. Um total de 120 pintos de um dia foi dividido em 4 grupos, cada um consistindo de 30 pintos alimentados com a mesma dieta basal, mas com diferentes fontes de selênio. A dieta basal do grupo D1 não foi suplementada com fonte de Se (controle negativo), a dieta basal do grupo D2 foi suplementada com selênio inorgânico (selenito de sódio 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora), a dieta basal do grupo D3 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico disponível comercialmente (fase inicial de seleno-metionina 0,22 mg / kg e fase finalizadora de 0,15 mg / kg) e a dieta basal do grupo D4 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico autodesenvolvido (fermento enriquecido com Se 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora). Os parâmetros de desempenho, ou seja, consumo de ração (FI), peso corporal vivo (PC) e FCR não foram significativamente (p > 0,05) afetados pela suplementação de selênio na fase inicial, mas foram significativamente (p < 0,05) afetados na fase final. A suplementação de selênio afetou significativamente (p < 0,05) o nível de Se sérico em diferentes grupos suplementados. O maior valor de Se sérico (58,20 ± 0,06) foi registrado no grupo D4. Da mesma forma, valor de selênio significativamente menor foi registrado para D4 e maior foi registrado para D1 (11,36 ± 0,08). No entanto, um valor mais baixo de Paraoxonase (PON) sérica foi registrado para D4 (13,24 ± 0,01) e mais alto para D1 (13,33 ± 0,03). A levedura enriquecida com Se comparativamente autodesenvolvida aumentou o acúmulo de Se e melhorou o sistema [...].(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Selênio/administração & dosagem , Selênio/efeitos adversos , Galinhas/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/análise , Resposta ao Choque TérmicoRESUMO
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the intake of a mixture of fish and sacha inchi oils (iOM), organic selenium (iSe), and organic chromium (iCr) on egg production (EP) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of Isa Brown second-cycle laying hens (SCLH) for 16 weeks (91-106 weeks old). Egg production and FCR were evaluated using multivariate models that included conventional equations and artificial neural networks (ANN) to study multiple nutritional interactions as alternatives to univariate dose-response models. Based on the best models, iOM, iSe, and iCr levels were optimized, and a global sensitivity analysis was implemented to quantify their influence on EP and FCR. The modified logistic model was selected as the best strategy to represent EP. In the case of FCR, an ANN model with a feed-forward architecture and softmax transfer function was selected as the best alternative. One of the scenarios to simultaneously optimize EP (89.1%) and FCR (1.94 kg feed/kg egg) at 16 weeks of production was established with 3.3 g/hen·day of iOM, 0.132 mg/ hen·day of iSe, and 0.176 mg/hen·day of iCr. However, optimization considering only FCR results in much lower optimal iCr levels (between 0.083 and 0.105 mg/hen·day) with a slight decrease in EP (87.9%). The global sensitivity analysis showed that iSe is an essential factor associated with the increase in EP, and iCr is the most influential factor for the decrease in FCR. When both criteria were taken into account simultaneously from a desirability function, iSe was the most critical factor.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Selênio/efeitos adversos , Galinhas/fisiologia , Cromo/efeitos adversos , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/efeitos adversos , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Análise MultivariadaRESUMO
An experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with 500 Ross 308 broiler chickens to investigate the effect of three different sources of selenium on performance and characteristics of immune system. Chickens were arranged in 10 treatments and five repetitions (10 chickens for each repetition). Ten treatments of experimental diet were considered in the study, including a basal diet (control); 0.5, 0.8, and 1.2 mg nano-selenium + basal diet (three treatments); 0.5, 0.8, 1.2 mg selenomethionine + basal diet; and 65, 80, and 100 mg vitamin E + selenium + basal diet. Findings suggested that adding selenomethionine (1.2 mg) to the basal diet resulted in a significant effect on feed conversion ratio and weight of broilers. In fact, weight and bursa of Fabricius were significantly under influence of the diets containing nano-selenium. Moreover, a significant difference was observed in the antibodies produced against Newcastle and influenza as well as the total immunoglobin and IgG produced against sheep red blood cell at two stages in the group treated with nanoselenium. Finally, results indicated that nano-selenium can better improve performance and immune system of broilers compared with diets containing selenomethionine and vitamin E.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Selênio/efeitos adversos , Galinhas/imunologia , Sistema ImunitárioRESUMO
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient in the diet of mammals and has an important role in the immune function. Selenium is a key element in selenoproteins involved in the in the maintenance of the antioxidant defense. Diet with selenium is beneficial for the treatment of diseases correlated with high levels of oxidative stress, also observed in the Chagas disease. Chagas disease is a neglected disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and several research groups are focused on the illness treatment. Immunomodulation of the infection using microelements is an important tool to avoid deleterious effects of the Chagas disease. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the effects of selenium supplementation on pregnant Wistar rats infected with T. cruzi. Selenium treatment stimulated the weight and length of fetuses and placentas allied to the decrease of blood parasitemia. However, selenium demonstrated a low influence on T cells, diminishing the B cell population (CD45RA+). Moreover, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was downregulated under selenium administration. Low pro-inflammatory cytokines levels probably are related to the increase in the number of amastigote nests in infected and treated animals. Thus, selenium supplementation during pregnancy could impair the local placental immune response. Further studies are necessary to assess the interaction between selenium and the acute Chagas' disease during pregnancy, which will base future supplementation strategies.
Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/imunologia , Suplementos Nutricionais/efeitos adversos , Placenta/efeitos dos fármacos , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/imunologia , Selênio/efeitos adversos , Trypanosoma cruzi/imunologia , Animais , Linfócitos B/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Doença de Chagas/terapia , Citocinas/antagonistas & inibidores , Citocinas/biossíntese , Feminino , Feto/efeitos dos fármacos , Parasitemia/imunologia , Placenta/imunologia , Placenta/parasitologia , Gravidez , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/terapia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Selênio/administração & dosagem , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
Brazil nuts are the fruit of the enormous tropical tree Bertholletia excelsa that are produced in and exported from the territory of the Amazon. As a natural rich source of selenium (Se), the consumption of Brazil nuts is often suggested as therapeutic among patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases. In this review, the current knowledge regarding the main health concerns of Brazil nut consumption, such as Se toxicity, Se-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus, weight gain, radioactivity, aflatoxins, and allergic reactions, is presented and discussed.
Assuntos
Bertholletia , Selênio , Bertholletia/efeitos adversos , Bertholletia/química , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Selênio/efeitos adversos , Selênio/uso terapêutico , Selênio/toxicidade , Tireoidite Autoimune/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
O trabalho teve o objetivo de fazer um levantamento bibliográfico das principais funções do selênio na alimentação de bovinos, visando sua ocorrência nas pastagens brasileira, os malefícios da sua deficiência ou até mesmo a intoxicação e as fontes e formas de suplementação para os bovinos. O Selênio consiste em um mineral de grande importância na manutenção da homeostase do organismo, pois possui propriedades e estreita relação com a proteção da integridade das membranas celulares, através de sua capacidade de atuar como parte do sistema antioxidante. As selenoproteínas, entre elas a glutationa peroxidase, atuam de tal forma que removem os radicais livres, o peróxido de hidrogêneo e os lipoperóxidos formados durante o metabolismo celular normal e os converte em água, oxigênio e hidróxidos de ácidos graxos não-tóxicos. Devido às suas propriedades o selênio é indicado como suplemento alimentar. Seus benefícios já foram estudados e relatados na prevenção e tratamento da distrofia muscular nutricional, como promotor de crescimento, agente imunoestimulante, na prevenção e controle da incidência de mastite, auxiliando também em melhores índices de produção de leite.
The objective of this work was to make a bibliographic survey of the main functions of selenium in cattle feeding, aiming at its occurrence in Brazilian pastures, the malfunctions of its deficiency or even intoxication and the sources and forms of supplementation for cattle. Selenium is a mineral of great importance in the maintenance of the body's homeostasis, because it has properties and a close relation with the protection of the integrity of the cellular membranes, through its capacity to act as part of the antioxidant system. Selenoproteins, among them glutathione peroxidase, act in a way that removes free radicals, hydrogen peroxide and lipoperoxides formed during normal cell metabolism and converts them into water, oxygen and hydroxides of non-toxic fatty acids. Due to its properties selenium is indicated as a food supplement. Its benefits have already been studied and reported in the prevention and treatment of nutritional muscular dystrophy, as a growth promoter, immunostimulating agent, in the prevention and control of the incidence of mastitis, also aiding in better rates of milk production.
El trabajo tuvo el objetivo de hacer un levantamiento bibliográfico de las principales funciones del selenio en la alimentación de bovinos, visando su ocurrencia en los pastos brasileños, los maleficios de su deficiencia o incluso la intoxicación y las fuentes y formas de suplementación para los bovinos. El selenio consiste en un mineral de gran importancia en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis del organismo, pues posee propiedades y estrecha relación con la protección de la integridad de las membranas celulares, a través de su capacidad de actuar como parte del sistema antioxidante. Las selenoproteínas, entre ellas la glutatión peroxidasa, actúan de tal forma que eliminan los radicales libres, el peróxido de hidrógeno y los lipoperóxidos formados durante el metabolismo celular normal y los convierte en agua, oxígeno e hidróxidos de ácidos grasos no tóxicos. Debido a sus propiedades el selenio se indica como suplemento alimenticio. Sus beneficios ya fueron estudiados y reportados en la prevención y tratamiento de la distrofia muscular nutricional, como promotor de crecimiento, agente inmunoestimulante, en la prevención y control de la incidencia de mastitis, auxiliando también en mejores índices de producción de leche.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Minerais na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Minerais na Dieta/efeitos adversos , Ração Animal , Selênio/administração & dosagem , Selênio/efeitos adversos , Antioxidantes , Suplementos NutricionaisRESUMO
The present experiment was carried out to evaluate the economic viability of supplementing boar diets with organic selenium aiming to increase the number of seminal doses of sexually mature boars. Twelve boars were divided into three groups: control group received 0.3 mg kg−1 Se from sodium selenite (n = 4), inorganic group received 0.5 mg kg−1 Se from sodium selenite (n = 4), and organic group received 0.5 mg kg−1 Se from Sel-PlexTM (Alltech, Inc., n = 4). The experiment was conducted within 10 weeks and analysis was performed fortnightly. No interaction was observed between treatments and weeks for any of the variables analyzed. Boars fed diet supplemented with 0.5 mg kg−1 of organic selenium exhibited a 23% increase in the seminal doses, which resulted in a 37% reduction in the cost of diet per dose produced by boars in this group compared with boars in the inorganic group. It should be pointed out that the total revenue produced by the organic group was 26% higher than the inorganic group. The feeding of organic Se increases the number of seminal doses and reduces the average cost of the diet, demonstrating to be cost-effective.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Selênio/efeitos adversos , Análise do Sêmen/veterinária , Análise de Custo-Efetividade/métodosRESUMO
O trabalho teve o objetivo de fazer um levantamento bibliográfico das principais funções do selênio na alimentação de bovinos, visando sua ocorrência nas pastagens brasileira, os malefícios da sua deficiência ou até mesmo a intoxicação e as fontes e formas de suplementação para os bovinos. O Selênio consiste em um mineral de grande importância na manutenção da homeostase do organismo, pois possui propriedades e estreita relação com a proteção da integridade das membranas celulares, através de sua capacidade de atuar como parte do sistema antioxidante. As selenoproteínas, entre elas a glutationa peroxidase, atuam de tal forma que removem os radicais livres, o peróxido de hidrogêneo e os lipoperóxidos formados durante o metabolismo celular normal e os converte em água, oxigênio e hidróxidos de ácidos graxos não-tóxicos. Devido às suas propriedades o selênio é indicado como suplemento alimentar. Seus benefícios já foram estudados e relatados na prevenção e tratamento da distrofia muscular nutricional, como promotor de crescimento, agente imunoestimulante, na prevenção e controle da incidência de mastite, auxiliando também em melhores índices de produção de leite.(AU)
The objective of this work was to make a bibliographic survey of the main functions of selenium in cattle feeding, aiming at its occurrence in Brazilian pastures, the malfunctions of its deficiency or even intoxication and the sources and forms of supplementation for cattle. Selenium is a mineral of great importance in the maintenance of the body's homeostasis, because it has properties and a close relation with the protection of the integrity of the cellular membranes, through its capacity to act as part of the antioxidant system. Selenoproteins, among them glutathione peroxidase, act in a way that removes free radicals, hydrogen peroxide and lipoperoxides formed during normal cell metabolism and converts them into water, oxygen and hydroxides of non-toxic fatty acids. Due to its properties selenium is indicated as a food supplement. Its benefits have already been studied and reported in the prevention and treatment of nutritional muscular dystrophy, as a growth promoter, immunostimulating agent, in the prevention and control of the incidence of mastitis, also aiding in better rates of milk production.(AU)
El trabajo tuvo el objetivo de hacer un levantamiento bibliográfico de las principales funciones del selenio en la alimentación de bovinos, visando su ocurrencia en los pastos brasileños, los maleficios de su deficiencia o incluso la intoxicación y las fuentes y formas de suplementación para los bovinos. El selenio consiste en un mineral de gran importancia en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis del organismo, pues posee propiedades y estrecha relación con la protección de la integridad de las membranas celulares, a través de su capacidad de actuar como parte del sistema antioxidante. Las selenoproteínas, entre ellas la glutatión peroxidasa, actúan de tal forma que eliminan los radicales libres, el peróxido de hidrógeno y los lipoperóxidos formados durante el metabolismo celular normal y los convierte en agua, oxígeno e hidróxidos de ácidos grasos no tóxicos. Debido a sus propiedades el selenio se indica como suplemento alimenticio. Sus beneficios ya fueron estudiados y reportados en la prevención y tratamiento de la distrofia muscular nutricional, como promotor de crecimiento, agente inmunoestimulante, en la prevención y control de la incidencia de mastitis, auxiliando también en mejores índices de producción de leche.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Selênio/administração & dosagem , Selênio/efeitos adversos , Minerais na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Minerais na Dieta/efeitos adversos , Ração Animal , Suplementos Nutricionais , AntioxidantesRESUMO
Se and green tea have been shown in epidemiological, observational and preclinical studies to be inversely related to the risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there are limited studies to evaluate their regulatory effects on genes/proteins that relate to CRC oncogenesis in human subjects, such as selenoproteins, WNT signalling pathway, inflammation and methylation. This study examined the effects of supplementation of Se using Brazil nuts and green tea extract (GTE) capsules, alone and in combination, on targeted biomarkers. In total, thirty-two volunteers (>50 years of age) with plasma Se≤1·36 µmol/l were randomised to one of three treatment groups: nine to Se (approximately 48 µg/d) as six Brazil nuts, eleven to four GTE capsules (800 mg (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate) and twelve to a combination of Brazil nuts and GTE. Blood and rectal biopsies were obtained before and after each intervention. Plasma Se levels, rectal selenoprotein P (SePP) and ß-catenin mRNA increased significantly in subjects consuming Brazil nuts alone or in combination, whereas rectal DNA methyltransferase (DNMT1) and NF-κB mRNA were reduced significantly in subjects consuming GTE alone or in combination. None of the interventions significantly affected rectal acetylated histone H3 or Ki-67 expression at the protein level or plasma C-reactive protein. Effects of the combination of Brazil nuts and GTE did not differ from what would be expected from either agent alone. In conclusion, supplementation of Brazil nuts and/or GTE regulates targeted biomarkers related to CRC oncogenesis, specifically genes associated with selenoproteins (SePP), WNT signalling (ß-catenin), inflammation (NF-κB) and methylation (DNMT1). Their combination does not appear to provide additional effects compared with either agent alone.