RESUMO
Background The epidemiology of ESRD requiring maintenance dialysis (ESRD-D) in large, diverse immigrant populations is unclear.Methods We estimated ESRD-D prevalence and incidence among immigrants in Ontario, Canada. Adults residing in Ontario in 2014 were categorized as long-term Canadian residents or immigrants according to administrative health and immigration datasets. We determined ESRD-D prevalence among these adults and calculated age-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) comparing immigrants to long-term residents. Among those who immigrated to Ontario between 1991 and 2012, age-adjusted ESRD-D incidence was calculated by world region and country of birth, with immigrants from Western nations as the referent group.Results Among 1,902,394 immigrants and 8,860,283 long-term residents, 1700 (0.09%) and 8909 (0.10%), respectively, presented with ESRD-D. Age-adjusted ESRD-D prevalence was higher among immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa (PR, 2.17; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.84 to 2.57), Latin America and the Caribbean (PR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.90 to 2.34), South Asia (PR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.32 to 1.59), and East Asia and the Pacific (PR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.22 to 1.46). Immigrants from Somalia (PR, 4.18; 95% CI, 3.11 to 5.61), Trinidad and Tobago (PR, 2.88; 95% CI, 2.23 to 3.73), Jamaica (PR, 2.88; 95% CI, 2.40 to 3.44), Sudan (PR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.53 to 5.27), and Guyana (PR, 2.69; 95% CI, 2.19 to 3.29) had the highest age-adjusted ESRD-D PRs relative to long-term residents. Immigrants from these countries also exhibited higher age-adjusted ESKD-D incidence relative to Western Nations immigrants.Conclusions Among immigrants in Canada, those from sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean have the highest ESRD-D risk. Tailored kidney-protective interventions should be developed for these susceptible populations.
Assuntos
Emigrantes e Imigrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Falência Renal Crônica/etnologia , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Diálise Renal/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ásia/etnologia , Feminino , Guiana/etnologia , Humanos , Incidência , Jamaica/etnologia , Falência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , América Latina/etnologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ontário/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Somália/etnologia , Sudão/etnologia , Trinidad e Tobago/etnologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Immigrants and refugees to the United States exhibit relatively low levels of physical activity, but reasons for this disparity are poorly understood. 16 gender and age-stratified focus groups were conducted among 127 participants from heterogenous immigrant and refugee groups (Cambodian, Mexican, Somali, Sudanese) in a small Minnesota urban community. We found many similarities in perceived barriers and facilitators to physical activity between heterogeneous immigrant and refugee groups. While the benefits of physical activity were widely acknowledged, lack of familiarity and comfort with taking the first steps towards being physically active were the most significant barriers to physical activity. Participants described being motivated by social support from family, friends, and communities to be physically active. Our findings suggest that shared experiences of immigration and associated social, economic, and linguistic factors influence how physical activity is understood, conceptualized and practiced.
Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/psicologia , Atividade Motora , Refugiados/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Camboja/etnologia , Criança , Pesquisa Participativa Baseada na Comunidade , Feminino , Grupos Focais , Humanos , Masculino , México/etnologia , Minnesota , Somália/etnologia , Sudão/etnologiaRESUMO
It is reported the infection due to Schistosoma intercalatum and the probable hybridization with Schistosoma haematobium in a patient from the eastern region of Africa, where it has not been demonstrated before. The main clinical manifestations were abdominal pain and diarrhea with blood. The diagnosis was possible thanks to the finding in the microscopic examination of the characteristic eggs of Schistosoma intercalatum in faeces and urine by the modified technique of Ziehl-Neelsen.