RESUMO
The objective were to evaluate the effects of supplementation of standardized dry extract of Rosmarinus officinalis (RO) and the application of aesthetic radiofrequency on the oxidative stress markers catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), non-protein thiols (NP-SH), and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and the biochemical markers triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (TGO/AST), pyruvic-glutamic transaminase (TGP/ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT), and creatinine. This study included 32 women received the aesthetic therapy to reduce localized fat. They were divided into the control group (n = 8) receiving placebo capsules and the intervention group (n = 24) subdivided into Group A, B, and C, each with eight members receiving supplementation with 100, 500, and 1000â mg/day of standardized dry extract of RO, respectively. The Universal Trial Number (UTN) - U1111-1274-6255. Supplementation with RO (500â mg/day) demonstrated a reduction in oxidative stress (quantified with through a significant increase in NP-SH and a reduction in SOD and CAT enzymes). The radiofrequency aesthetic treatment did not promote an increase in oxidative stress; however, it caused significant changes in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and creatinine. RO is a plant with antioxidant effects and its oral consumption is safe in selected women subjects in hepatic and renal markers.
Assuntos
Suplementos Nutricionais , Estresse Oxidativo , Extratos Vegetais , Rosmarinus , Humanos , Feminino , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Método Duplo-Cego , Rosmarinus/química , Adulto , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Ondas de Rádio , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Biomarcadores/sangue , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Catalase/metabolismo , Catalase/sangue , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the neuroprotective effects of the SOD2 gene in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury function and the underlying mechanisms in a mice model of middle cerebral artery ischemia reperfusion. METHODS: SOD2 transgenic mice were engineered using transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and the genotype was identified using PCR after every three generations. Transgenic and C57BL/6J wild type mice were simultaneously subjected to the middle cerebral artery occlusion model. RESULTS: SOD2 expression in the brain, heart, kidney, and skeletal muscle of transgenic mice was significantly higher than that in the wild type. Following ischemia reperfusion, the infarct volume of wild type mice decreased after treatment with fenofibrate compared to the CMC group. Infarction volume in SOD2 transgenic mice after CMC and fenofibrate treatment was significantly reduced. The recovery of cerebral blood flow in wild type mice treated with fenofibrate was significantly enhanced compared with that in the CMC group. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of SOD2 in transgenic mice was significantly higher than that in wild type mice, the neuroprotective role of fenofibrate depends on an increase in SOD2 expression.
Assuntos
Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fenofibrato , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Transgênicos , Traumatismo por Reperfusão , Superóxido Dismutase , Animais , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/genética , Superóxido Dismutase/genética , Fenofibrato/farmacologia , Fenofibrato/uso terapêutico , Isquemia Encefálica/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/genética , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol, urapidil, and a combined administration of these drugs against middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury model in rats. METHODS: Thirty-five rats were divided into five groups of seven animals each. Animals in IR, IR resveratrol (IRr), IR urapidil (IRu), and IR + combination of resveratrol and urapidil (IRc) were exposed to MCAO induced cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury model. Rats in IRr and IRu groups received 30-mg/kg resveratrol and 5-mg/kg urapidil respectively. Animals in IRc received a combined treatment of both drugs. At the end of the study, brain tissues were used for oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase), pro-apoptotic caspase-3, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, and pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α cytokine level measurements. RESULTS: The MCAO model successfully replicated IR injury with significant histopathological changes, elevated tissue oxidative stress, and upregulated apoptotic and inflammatory protein expression in IR group compared to control group (p < 0.001). All parameters were significantly alleviated in IRr group compared to IR group (all p < 0.05). In IRu group, all parameters except for caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were also significantly different than IR group (all p < 0.05). The IRc group showed the biggest difference compared to IR group in all parameters (all p < 0.001). The IRc had higher superoxide dismutase and Bcl-2 levels, and lower caspase-3 levels compared to both IRr and IRu groups (all p < 0.05). Also, the IRc group had lower MDA and TNF-α levels compared to IRu group (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that combined treatment of resveratrol and urapidil may be a novel strategy to downregulate neurodegeneration in cerebral IR injury.
Assuntos
Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Estresse Oxidativo , Traumatismo por Reperfusão , Resveratrol , Estilbenos , Animais , Resveratrol/farmacologia , Resveratrol/uso terapêutico , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/tratamento farmacológico , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/prevenção & controle , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Estilbenos/uso terapêutico , Estilbenos/farmacologia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Ratos Wistar , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/tratamento farmacológico , Resultado do Tratamento , Ratos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análise , Superóxido Dismutase/análise , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Malondialdeído/análise , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Distribuição Aleatória , Isquemia Encefálica/tratamento farmacológico , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Caspase 3/metabolismo , Caspase 3/análiseRESUMO
Context The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during in vitro culture of ovarian tissues impairs follicular development and survival. Aims To evaluate the effects of punicalagin on the development and survival of primordial follicles, stromal cell and collagen fibres, as well as on the levels of mRNA for nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2 ), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1 ), catalase (CAT ), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1 ) and perirredoxin 6 (PRDX6 ), and activity of antioxidant enzymes in cultured bovine ovarian tissues. Methods Bovine ovarian cortical tissues were cultured for 6days in α-MEM+ alone or with 1.0, 10.0, or 100.0µM punicalagin at 38.5°C with 5% CO2 . Follicle morphology and growth, stromal cell density, and collagen fibres were evaluated by classical histology, while the expression of mRNA was evaluated by real-time PCR. The activity of enzymes was analysed by the Bradford method. Key results Punicalagin improved follicle survival and development, reduced mRNA expression for SOD1 and CAT , but did not influence stromal cells or collagen fibres. Punicalagin (10.0µM) increased the levels of thiol and activity of SOD1, CAT , and GPX1 enzymes. Conclusions Punicalagin (10.0µM) promotes follicle survival and development and activates SOD1, CAT , and GPX1 enzymes in bovine ovarian tissues. Implications Punicalagin improves follicle development and survival in cultured ovarian tissues.
Assuntos
Catalase , Glutationa Peroxidase GPX1 , Glutationa Peroxidase , Taninos Hidrolisáveis , Folículo Ovariano , Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Folículo Ovariano/efeitos dos fármacos , Folículo Ovariano/metabolismo , Folículo Ovariano/enzimologia , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/farmacologia , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Glutationa Peroxidase/genética , Catalase/metabolismo , Catalase/genética , Ovário/efeitos dos fármacos , Ovário/enzimologia , Ovário/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase-1/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase-1/genética , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultura de Tecidos , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in SOD2 and SOD3 genes modulate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Para athletes with dental caries experience. The cross-sectional study included 264 Para athletes (143 in athletics, 61 in weightlifting and 60 in swimming). A trained and calibrated team recorded the decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT). The Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to measure OHRQoL. Genomic DNA was extracted from the athletes' saliva, and genetic polymorphisms in the SOD2 (rs5746136 and rs10370) and SOD3 (rs2855262 and rs13306703) genes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. A multivariate General Linear Model analysis, adjusted for sex, revealed that the SOD3 gene polymorphism (rs2855262) had a significant effect on the psychological disability domain [codominant (p = 0.045) and recessive (p=0.038) models]. The SOD2 gene polymorphism (rs5746136) had a significant effect on the total OHIP-14 score [dominant model (p = 0.038)] and the psychological discomfort [dominant model (p = 0.034)] and physical disability [codominant model (p=0.037)] domains. Presence of the SOD2 rs10370 polymorphism led to statistical differences in the total score [codominant (p = 0.026) and dominant (p = 0.023) models] and the handicap domain scores [codominant (p = 0.027) and dominant (p = 0.032) models]. Polymorphisms of the SOD2 and SOD3 genes may be important biomarkers of OHRQoL in Para athletes with dental caries experience.
Assuntos
Atletas , Saúde Bucal , Qualidade de Vida , Superóxido Dismutase , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Análise de Variância , Atletas/psicologia , Atletas/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Cárie Dentária/genética , Índice CPO , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Valores de Referência , Saliva/química , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Superóxido Dismutase/genéticaRESUMO
Roundup Transorb® (RDT) is the most popular glyphosate-based herbicide (GHB) used in agriculture, and its impact extends to non-target organisms. The annual killifish Austrolebias charrua is an endangered species endemic to southern South America and inhabits temporary ponds. This study evaluates the effects of RDT concentrations (0.065 and 5 mg/L GAE) on A. charrua exposed for 96 h. Gene expression of cat, sod2, gstα, gclc, and ucp1 was evaluated on the liver and gills. Highlighting that even at low concentrations permitted by Brazilian legislation, the RDT can have adverse effects on A. charrua.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Glicina , Glifosato , Herbicidas , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Herbicidas/toxicidade , Glicina/análogos & derivados , Glicina/toxicidade , Projetos Piloto , Fundulidae/genética , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Brasil , Brânquias/metabolismo , Peixes ListradosRESUMO
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the dysfunction and death of motor neurons through multifactorial mechanisms that remain unclear. ALS has been recognized as a multisystemic disease, and the potential role of skeletal muscle in disease progression has been investigated. Reactive aldehydes formed as secondary lipid peroxidation products in the redox processes react with biomolecules, such as DNA, proteins, and amino acids, resulting in cytotoxic effects. 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) levels are elevated in the spinal cord motor neurons of ALS patients, and HNE-modified proteins have been identified in the spinal cord tissue of an ALS transgenic mice model, suggesting that reactive aldehydes can contribute to motor neuron degeneration in ALS. One biological pathway of aldehyde detoxification involves conjugation with glutathione (GSH) or carnosine (Car). Here, the detection and quantification of Car, GSH, GSSG (glutathione disulfide), and the corresponding adducts with HNE, Car-HNE, and GS-HNE, were performed in muscle and liver tissues of a hSOD1G93A ALS rat model by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ion trap tandem mass spectrometry in the selected reaction monitoring mode. A significant increase in the levels of GS-HNE and Car-HNE was observed in the muscle tissue of the end-stage ALS animals. Therefore, analyzing variations in the levels of these adducts in ALS animal tissue is crucial from a toxicological perspective and can contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
Assuntos
Aldeídos , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica , Carnosina , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Glutationa , Animais , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/metabolismo , Aldeídos/metabolismo , Aldeídos/química , Carnosina/metabolismo , Glutationa/metabolismo , Ratos , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Humanos , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Masculino , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Ratos Transgênicos , Superóxido Dismutase-1/metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
This study investigates Cystobasidium benthicum (Cb) probiotic yeast and Cyrtocarpa edulis (Ce) fruit dietary effects, single (0.5 %) or combined (Cb:Ce, 0.25:0.25 %), on growth performance, humoral immunity in serum and skin mucus, and intestinal morphology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after 14 and 28 days. The Cb group presented the highest (P < 0.05) specific growth rate, weight gain, and absolute growth rate with respect to the control group. Immunological assays indicated that Cb, Ce and Cb:Ce groups increased serum nitric oxide concentration compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Cb and Cb:Ce groups showed the highest serum myeloperoxidase enzyme activity at day 14 and 28, respectively (P < 0.05); whereas, Cb:Ce group had the highest (P < 0.05) myeloperoxidase activity in skin mucus. The superoxide dismutase enzyme activity was unaffected. On day 28, Cb, Ce, and Cb:Ce groups showed higher and lower (P < 0.05) catalase enzyme activity in serum and skin mucus, respectively, compared with the control group. Only the Cb group had higher (P < 0.05) total protein concentration in serum (day 14) and skin mucus (day 14 and 28) with respect to the control group. The lysozyme activity in serum (day 28) and skin mucus (day 14) was higher (P < 0.05) in the Cb group compared to the control group. Only the skin mucus of Ce group showed bactericidal activity against Aeromonas dhakensis (P < 0.05). Histological studies indicated that Cb and Cb:Ce groups increased microvilli height, and Cb, Ce and Cb:Ce augmented goblet cell area at day 14 compared to the control group (P < 0.05). At day 28, microvilli height was higher in all groups and the number of intraepithelial leukocytes increased in Cb and Ce groups with respect to the control group (P < 0.05). The ex vivo assay revealed that A. dhakensis in leukocytes decreased cell viability similar to the control group (P < 0.05). A principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed the results. In conclusion, C. benthicum in the diet was the best supplement to improve the growth and immunity of Nile tilapia.
Assuntos
Ração Animal , Ciclídeos , Dieta , Frutas , Probióticos , Animais , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Ciclídeos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ciclídeos/imunologia , Dieta/veterinária , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Intestinos/microbiologia , Intestinos/imunologia , Pele , Imunidade Humoral , Muco/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Catalase/metabolismoRESUMO
Important foraging and nesting habitats for Caribbean green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) exist within the Mesoamerican Reef System in the Mexican Caribbean. During the last 25 years, urban development and touristic activities have drastically increased in Quintana Roo, Mexico. Moreover, in the last decade, massive pelagic sargasso blooms have also afflicted this region; however, information about the biochemical responses of Caribbean green turtles to these inputs is absent. This study aimed to assess if the oxidative stress indicators in the red blood cells of green turtles are valuable biomarkers of the extent of the anthropic impact in this region. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were also measured in the plasma of free-living green turtles during 2015-2018 to characterize these habitats further. As biochemical biomarkers, the production rate of superoxide radical (O2â¢-), carbonylated protein content, and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels, and the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase, glutathione peroxidase were measured in erythrocytes. A 15 % occurrence of fibropapillomatosis (FP) was revealed, with tumor size being positively correlated with CAT activity in the affected individuals. A multivariate analysis embracing all oxidative stress markers discriminated green turtles between years of capture (p < 0.001), with those sampled during 2015 presenting the highest production of O2â¢- (p = 0.001), activities of GST (p < 0.001), levels of TBARS (p < 0.001) and carbonylated proteins (p = 0.02). These local and temporal biochemical responses coincided with the first massive Sargassum spp. bloom reported in the region. The results of this study corroborate the utility of the oxidative stress indicators as biomarkers of environmental conditions (sargasso blooms and POPs) in the green turtle as sentinel species.
Assuntos
Ecossistema , Monitoramento Ambiental , Estresse Oxidativo , Tartarugas , Animais , Tartarugas/fisiologia , México , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Biomarcadores , Catalase/metabolismo , Glutationa Transferase/metabolismo , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Sargassum/fisiologia , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Biochemical events provoked by oxidative stress and advanced glycation may be inhibited by combining natural bioactives with classic therapeutic agents, which arise as strategies to mitigate diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to investigate whether lycopene combined with a reduced insulin dose is able to control glycemia and to oppose glycoxidative stress in kidneys of diabetic rats. METHODS: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with 45 mg/kg lycopene + 1 U/day insulin for 30 days. The study assessed glycemia, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and paraoxonase 1 (PON-1) activity in plasma. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and the protein levels of advanced glycation end-product receptor 1 (AGE-R1) and glyoxalase-1 (GLO-1) in the kidneys were also investigated. RESULTS: An effective glycemic control was achieved with lycopene plus insulin, which may be attributed to improvements in insulin sensitivity. The combined therapy decreased the dyslipidemia and increased the PON-1 activity. In the kidneys, lycopene plus insulin increased the activities of SOD and CAT and the levels of AGE-R1 and GLO-1, which may be contributing to the antialbuminuric effect. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that lycopene may aggregate favorable effects to insulin against diabetic complications resulting from glycoxidative stress.