RESUMO
Introducción: la especie Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, (jambolam), sin. Eugenia jambolana L, es una planta rica en metabolitos secundarios con un elevado potencial biológico, medicinal, entre otros y que pueden estar asociados con las propiedades terapéuticas reportadas para S. cumini. Objetivo: comparar capacidad antioxidante de extractos del fruto, pulpa y semilla de S. cumini, con respecto al contenido de polifenoles y antocianinas. Métodos: fruto, pulpa y semillas S. cumini deshidratados y macerados se sometieron a extracción sólido-líquido; el contenido de fenoles se evaluó por el método de Folin-Ciocalteu, el de antocianinas por el método de diferencial de pH y el potencial antioxidante in vitro se evaluó con base en los métodos del radical estable 1,1-difenil2-picrilhidracil, el radical catión 2,2´-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulphonic ácido) y poder antioxidante de reducción del ion férrico. Resultados: el contenido de fenoles obtenidos tanto en los extractos metanólicos como etanólicos fue muy similar en fruto y pulpa, mientras que en las semillas se observó un incremento hasta 5 veces con respecto a la pulpa, presentó correlación con el efecto de protección antioxidante entre los extractos evaluados. Conclusiones: la elevada presencia de fenoles determinada en todos los extractos afectó de manera positiva la capacidad protectora contra radicales libres, y los frutos de S. cumini, podrían ser considerados como una fuente potencial de compuestos biaoctivos con aplicaciones terapéuticas(AU)
Introduction: Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, (jambolam), sin. Eugenia jambolana L, is considered as a source of secondary metabolites with a biological and medicinal potential and these can be associated with its therapeutics properties. Objetive: to correlated the content of polyphenols and anthocyanins with antioxidant capacity in ethanolic and methanolic extracts of S. cumini. Methods: dehydrated and powered fruits, pulp and seeds of S. cumini was subjected to solid-liquid extraction. Total phenolis content was determined by Folin-Cicoulteau method, anthocyanin content was determined by the pH differential method and the potential antioxidant was evaluated using 1,1-difenil2-picrilhidracil radical stable, 2,2´-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical cation and ferric reducing/antioxidant power tests. Results: all extracts showed an important correlation between total phenolis content and antioxidant capacity values, however, in the seed total phenolis content was almost 5 times higher than that obtained in fruit and pulp. Conclusions: all extracts exhibited a considerable antioxidant potential against free radical, and S. cumini could be used as an alternative source of natural bioactive compounds with application in therapeutic research area(AU)
Assuntos
Syzygium/efeitos dos fármacos , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , ColômbiaRESUMO
The Brazilian sandy coastal plain named restinga is frequently subjected to particulate and gaseous emissions from iron ore factories. These gases may come into contact with atmospheric moisture and produce acid rain. The effects of the acid rain on vegetation, combined with iron excess in the soil, can lead to the disappearance of sensitive species and decrease restinga biodiversity. The effects of iron ore dust deposition and simulated acid rain on photosynthesis and on antioxidant enzymes were investigated in Eugenia uniflora, a representative shrub species of the restinga. This study aimed to determine the possible utility of this species in environmental risk assessment. After the application of iron ore dust as iron solid particulate matter (SPM(Fe)) and simulated acid rain (pH 3.1), the 18-month old plants displayed brown spots and necrosis, typical symptoms of iron toxicity and injuries caused by acid rain, respectively. The acidity of the rain intensified leaf iron accumulation, which reached phytotoxic levels, mainly in plants exposed to iron ore dust. These plants showed the lowest values for net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, chlorophyll a content and electron transport rate through photosystem II (PSII). Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were decreased by simulated acid rain. Peroxidase activity and membrane injury increased following exposure to acid rain and simultaneous SPM(Fe) application. Eugenia uniflora exhibited impaired photosynthetic and antioxidative metabolism in response to combined iron and acid rain stresses. This species could become a valuable tool in environmental risk assessment in restinga areas near iron ore pelletizing factories. Non-invasive evaluations of visual injuries, photosynthesis and chlorophyll a fluorescence, as well as invasive biochemical analysis could be used as markers.