RESUMO
During gestation, a woman's body undergoes physiological changes that alter thyroid function. Pregnant women with hypothyroidism may exhibit gestational complications, including hypertension and preeclampsia. We investigated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in circulating RNAs from pregnant women with TSH levels just above the normal range to determine the impact of a mild elevation of TSH in pregnancy. We selected three women with healthy thyroid pregnancy (HTP), three pregnant women with gestational hypothyroidism (GHT), and three nonpregnant women (NPG) to construct transcriptome libraries. We also compared our results with data from the GEO dataset and DisGeNET. We identified 1500 DEG in GHT and 1656 DEG in HTP. From GEO dataset, we recognized 453 DEGs in trimester-specific plasma RNA, 1263 DEGs in placental tissues from healthy women, 1031 DEGs from preeclamptic uteroplacental tissues and 1657 DEGs from placental tissues from severely preeclamptic women. In this scenario, 12.26% and 12.86% genes were shared between these datasets in GHT and HTP, respectively. We stablished 62 genes in GHT DEGs related to hypertensive phenotype hallmarks. In conclusion, even in women with a mild TSH increment, we were able to detect some DEGs that could be associated with a hypertensive phenotype.
Assuntos
Ácidos Nucleicos Livres/metabolismo , Hipotireoidismo/complicações , Pré-Eclâmpsia/diagnóstico , Tireotropina/sangue , Adulto , Ácidos Nucleicos Livres/sangue , Biologia Computacional , Conjuntos de Dados como Assunto , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Hipotireoidismo/sangue , Hipotireoidismo/diagnóstico , Hipotireoidismo/genética , Pré-Eclâmpsia/sangue , Pré-Eclâmpsia/genética , Gravidez , Terceiro Trimestre da Gravidez/sangue , Terceiro Trimestre da Gravidez/genética , Valores de Referência , Tireotropina/normas , Transcriptoma , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Fetal exposure to maternal glucocorticoids may determine fetal growth and the programing of later disorders. Availability of the glucocorticoids in the placenta is regulated by the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSDs) enzymes. To date, there are discrepancies with regard to cortisol (F) cord blood levels in fetuses with intrauterine growth retardation in different species. Objective To study the expression and activity of 11beta-HSDs in placentas from full term small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) newborns, and cortisol cord blood concentration. METHODS: Twenty-five placentas from AGA, 24 SGA and 25 LGA were collected. RESULTS: SGA newborns had significantly lower and LGA newborns had significantly higher birth weight, birth length, head circumference, and placental weight than AGA counterparts. We observed a direct correlation between placental weight and birth weight, birth length and head circumference, and higher cord F levels in SGA newborns. The 11beta-HSD1 expression was similar among the SGA, AGA, and LGA placentas. However, within the placentas of SGA newborns, the 11beta-HSD1 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in the chorionic plate compared with basal plate. An inverse correlation between cord F levels and activity of 11beta-HSD1 in the chorionic plate of the SGA placentas was detected. The 11beta-HSD2 activity was seven- to eightfold higher compared with 11beta-HSD1 in the placentas, and there was a lower 11beta-HSD2 activity in females' SGA placentas compared with the male SGA placentas. CONCLUSION: We observed a lower expression and activity of 11beta-HSD1 in the chorionic plate of the SGA placentas, suggesting a possible compensatory mechanism to diminish the higher cortisol fetal concentrations observed in fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction.
Assuntos
11-beta-Hidroxiesteroide Desidrogenase Tipo 1/genética , 11-beta-Hidroxiesteroide Desidrogenase Tipo 2/genética , Peso ao Nascer/genética , Placenta/metabolismo , Terceiro Trimestre da Gravidez/genética , Nascimento a Termo/genética , 11-beta-Hidroxiesteroide Desidrogenase Tipo 1/metabolismo , 11-beta-Hidroxiesteroide Desidrogenase Tipo 2/metabolismo , Córion/enzimologia , Córion/metabolismo , Feminino , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal/enzimologia , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal/genética , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal/metabolismo , Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Pequeno para a Idade Gestacional/metabolismo , Masculino , Gravidez , Terceiro Trimestre da Gravidez/metabolismo , Fatores Sexuais , Nascimento a Termo/metabolismoRESUMO
Este manual está dirigido a la partera tradicional para ayudarle a que haga su trabajo como toda una profesional y así forme parte del gran ejército de cuidado y promoción a la salud. Las parteras tradicionales deben ver a las embarazadas regularmente toda la gestación y también deben capacitarse para atender el parto en condiciones de gran limpieza y aplicar varias medidas que son importantes para la madre y el recién nacido. La tarea no termina allí, ya que las parteras deben hacer la revisión de la madre en el puerperio, fomentar la alimentación al pecho, ver que el niño vaya creciendo normalmente y que reciba sus vacunas. Asimismo, la partera debe aconsejar a la pareja del beneficio que tiene la planificación familiar tanto para la salud de la madre como el bienestar del niño. Por ello el trabajo que realizan las parteras tradicionales es de gran importancia para contribuir a asegurar la salud de la población que vive en el campo y que necesita mucho de sus cuidados