RESUMO
Aripiprazol é um antipsicótico atípico (AAt) frequentemente indicado para o tratamento agudo da mania, assim como para quadros mistos de transtorno bipolar (TB) tipo I e para o tratamento de manutenção do TB tipo I. A potencial ação antidepressiva dos AAts possibilita que medicamentos dessa classe aumentem as chances do aparecimento de mania em indivíduos suscetíveis. Com o objetivo de sumarizar evidência que possibilite a discussão técnica desse tópico, aqui relatamos três casos de pacientes com TB com mania induzida por aripiprazol. Pacientes tinham diagnósticos e comorbidades diferentes e estavam em regime terapêutico também diferente. Mania foi temporalmente associada à introdução de aripiprazol. Melhora considerável aconteceu após a retirada do fármaco. Sugerimos que o aripiprazol, por meio da sua ação antidepressiva, seja fator de risco para virada maníaca e hipomaníaca. Recomendamos o uso associado de estabilizador de humor com potencial antimaníaco para prevenir eventual inversão de fase. Sugere-se, ainda, a provável eficácia antidepressiva do aripiprazol.
Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic often used as monotherapy or as add-on therapy in patients with manic episodes, as well as for bipolar disorders. The antidepressive effect of the atypical antipsychotic medications raises the possibility that these drugs may increase the risk of mania in susceptible individuals. With the aim of providing further evidence on this subject, herein we reported three patients with bipolar disorder and mania induced by aripiprazole. Patients had different final diagnosis as well as different comorbidities. Their therapeutic regimen was different as well. Onset of manias was temporarily associated with aripiprazole use and important improvement happened after the discontinuation of this drug. We suggest that aripiprazole, due to its antidepressant properties, is a risk factor for mania and hypomania. Mood stabilizer is recommended in certain individuals using this drug, in order to prevent phase switch. We also suggest the antidepressant efficacy of aripiprazole.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Antidepressivos/efeitos adversos , Eletroconvulsoterapia , Transtorno Bipolar/induzido quimicamente , Transtorno Ciclotímico/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Treatment-emergent affective switch has been associated to cycle acceleration and poorer outcome, but there are few studies addressing this issue. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare the outcome of patients presenting treatment-emergent affective switch with patients with spontaneous mania, regarding presence and polarity of a new episode and time to relapse. METHOD: Twenty-four patients with bipolar disorder according to the DSM-IV were followed for 12 months. Twelve patients had treatment-emergent affective switch and twelve had spontaneous mania. Patients were evaluated weekly with the Young Mania Rating Scale and the Hamilton Depression Scale until remission of the index episode, and monthly until completion of the 12-month follow-up. RESULTS: Eleven patients with treatment-emergent affective switch had a recurrence on follow-up, all of them with major depressive episodes. In the group with spontaneous mania, six patients had a recurrence: two had a depressive episode, and four had a manic episode (p = 0.069 for new episode, p = 0.006 for polarity of the episode). Patients with treatment-emergent affective switch relapsed in a shorter period than patients with spontaneous mania (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: In this first prospective study, treatment-emergent affective switch patients were at greater risk of relapses, especially depressive episodes, and presented a shorter duration of remission when compared with patients with spontaneous mania.
OBJETIVO: A ciclagem para mania associada ao antidepressivo tem sido relacionada à aceleração do ciclo e pior evolução, mas há poucos estudos na literatura sobre este assunto. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar prospectivamente a evolução de pacientes com mania associada a antidepressivo com pacientes com mania espontânea, em relação a tempo para recaída e polaridade do novo episódio. MÉTODO: Vinte e quatro pacientes com transtorno bipolar, de acordo com os critérios diagnósticos do DSM-IV, foram seguidos por 12 meses: 12 pacientes com mania associada a antidepressivo e 12 pacientes com mania espontânea. Os pacientes foram avaliados semanalmente com a Escala para Mania de Young e a Escala para Depressão de Hamilton até remissão do episódio inicial e, mensalmente, até completar o período de seguimento de 12 meses. RESULTADOS: Onze pacientes com mania associada ao antidepressivo tiveram uma recorrência no seguimento, sendo todos os episódios depressivos. No grupo de mania espontânea, seis pacientes apresentaram recorrência, sendo dois episódios depressivos, e quatro episódios de mania (p = 0,069 para novo episódio e p = 0,006 para polaridade do episódio). Pacientes com mania associada a antidepressivo recaíram em um menor período de tempo que os pacientes com mania espontânea (p = 0,016). CONCLUSÕES: Neste estudo prospectivo, os pacientes com mania associada a antidepressivo apresentaram maior risco de recorrência, especialmente episódios depressivos, e com menor duração de remissão quando comparados aos pacientes com mania espontânea.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antidepressivos/efeitos adversos , Transtorno Bipolar/induzido quimicamente , Transtorno Bipolar/psicologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Transtorno Ciclotímico/induzido quimicamente , Seguimentos , Estudos Prospectivos , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Recidiva , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Treatment-emergent affective switch has been associated to cycle acceleration and poorer outcome, but there are few studies addressing this issue. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare the outcome of patients presenting treatment-emergent affective switch with patients with spontaneous mania, regarding presence and polarity of a new episode and time to relapse. METHOD: Twenty-four patients with bipolar disorder according to the DSM-IV were followed for 12 months. Twelve patients had treatment-emergent affective switch and twelve had spontaneous mania. Patients were evaluated weekly with the Young Mania Rating Scale and the Hamilton Depression Scale until remission of the index episode, and monthly until completion of the 12-month follow-up. RESULTS: Eleven patients with treatment-emergent affective switch had a recurrence on follow-up, all of them with major depressive episodes. In the group with spontaneous mania, six patients had a recurrence: two had a depressive episode, and four had a manic episode (p = 0.069 for new episode, p = 0.006 for polarity of the episode). Patients with treatment-emergent affective switch relapsed in a shorter period than patients with spontaneous mania (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: In this first prospective study, treatment-emergent affective switch patients were at greater risk of relapses, especially depressive episodes, and presented a shorter duration of remission when compared with patients with spontaneous mania.