RESUMO
In the northeast of Brazil, caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) is one of the key reasons for herd productivity decreasing that result in considerable economic losses. A comparative study was carried out using computed radiography (CR), histological analysis (HA), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) of the joints of CAE infected and normal goats. Humerus head surface of positive animals presented reduced joint space, increased bone density, and signs of degenerative joint disease (DJD). The carpal joint presented no morphological alterations in CR in any of the animals studied. Tarsus joint was the most affected, characterized by severe DJD, absence of joint space, increased periarticular soft tissue density, edema, and bone sclerosis. Histological analysis showed chronic tissue lesions, complete loss of the surface zone, absence of proteoglycans in the transition and radial zones and destruction of the cartilage surface in the CAE positive animals. Analysis by SEM showed ulcerated lesions with irregular and folded patterns on the joint surface that distinguished the limits between areas of normal and affected cartilage. The morphological study of the joints of normal and CAE positive goats deepened understanding of the alteration in the tissue bioarchitecture of the most affected joints. The SEM finding sustained previous histological reports, similar to those found for rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting that the goat infected with CAE can be considered as a potential model for research in this area.
Assuntos
Vírus da Artrite-Encefalite Caprina/fisiologia , Artrite/patologia , Cartilagem Articular/patologia , Encefalite/patologia , Doenças das Cabras/patologia , Infecções por Lentivirus/veterinária , Animais , Artrite/diagnóstico por imagem , Artrite/virologia , Cartilagem Articular/diagnóstico por imagem , Cartilagem Articular/ultraestrutura , Cartilagem Articular/virologia , Encefalite/diagnóstico por imagem , Encefalite/virologia , Doenças das Cabras/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças das Cabras/virologia , Cabras , Histologia , Infecções por Lentivirus/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Lentivirus/patologia , Infecções por Lentivirus/virologia , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , RadiografiaRESUMO
The small ruminant lentiviruses, namely caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) and Maedi Visna virus (MVV) are grown currently in secondary synovial membrane cells. Primary and secondary cell cultures are sometimes difficult to obtain and support a low number of passages and, therefore, permissive cell lines are needed. A transformed cell line was obtained by transfection of ovine synovial membrane secondary cell culture with a plasmid containing the SV40 large T antigen gene. The transformed cell culture described in this paper showed a higher growth rate and a more homogenous population of fibroblast-like cells when compared to the original ovine synovial membrane secondary cell cultures. Karyotype analysis has indicated the induction of many random chromosome changes, leading to a decrease in chromosome number. The SV40 DNA was detected in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm of transformed cells. The putative expression of large T antigen was presumed by the detection of the corresponding mRNA by PCR. Finally, the transformed ovine synovial membrane cells were shown to be permissive to small ruminant lentiviruses, and these are suggested as a cell line for in vitro isolation and propagation of these viruses.