RESUMO
In the prenatal period, the three types of connections between the portal sinus and main portal vein have been published in the literature: T, X and H-shaped. The T type is the most frequent in the literature, and the aim of our study is to define the percentage of the connection types during the prenatal period in our population. In this prospective study, 237 women between 20 and 38 weeks of pregnancy without a foetal anomaly or pregnancy-related complications were included, and the precordial veins of the foetuses were examined using a wide-band color Doppler technique. The types of connections were determined by two specialists according to the shape of the colour coded vessels in Doppler examinations. The criteria of Czubalski & Aleksandrowicz (2000) were used. All of the connection types in patients were confirmed using video clips and were stored in the picture archiving and communication system. In 237 patients, the types of connection were determined by the first specialist as 189 foetuses (79.7 %) with the X-shaped or side-to-side connection, 16 foetuses (6.8 %) with the T-shaped or end-to-side type and 32 foetuses (13.5 %) with the H-shaped or parallel-coursed vessels connected with a short segment. The most common types of connections between the portal sinus and main portal vein in foetuses are X shaped or side-to-side, which is contrary to previous studies.
En el período prenatal, se han publicado en la literatura los tres tipos de conexiones entre el seno portal y la vena porta principal: en forma de T, X y H. El tipo T es el más frecuente, y el objetivo de nuestro estudio fue definir el porcentaje de tipos de conexión durante el período prenatal en nuestra población. En este estudio prospectivo, se incluyeron 237 mujeres entre 20 y 38 semanas de embarazo, sin anomalías fetales o complicaciones relacionadas con el embarazo, y se examinaron las venas precordiales de los fetos utilizando una técnica Doppler de banda ancha. Los tipos de conexiones fueron determinados por dos especialistas según la forma de los vasos codificados por color en los exámenes Doppler. Se utilizaron los criterios del estudio de Czubalski & Aleksandrowicz. Todos los tipos de conexión en los pacientes se confirmaron mediante videoclips y se almacenaron en el sistema de comunicación y en archivo de imágenes. En 237 pacientes, el primer especialista determinó en 189 fetos (79,7 %) la conexión en forma de X o de lado a lado; en 16 fetos (6,8 %) la forma de T o Tipo de extremo a lado; y en 32 fetos (13,5 %) los vasos en forma de H o paralelos, conectados con un segmento corto. Los tipos más comunes de conexiones entre el seno portal y la vena porta principal en los fetos son en forma de X o de lado a lado, lo que es contrario a estudios anteriores.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Adolescente , Adulto , Veia Porta/anatomia & histologia , Veias Umbilicais/anatomia & histologia , Feto/irrigação sanguínea , Veia Porta/embriologia , Veia Porta/diagnóstico por imagem , Veias Umbilicais/embriologia , Veias Umbilicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Prospectivos , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores , Variação AnatômicaAssuntos
Feto/irrigação sanguínea , Veias Umbilicais/fisiologia , Veia Cava Inferior/fisiologia , Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal/métodos , Veias Umbilicais/embriologia , Veia Cava Inferior/embriologiaAssuntos
Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal/métodos , Cordão Umbilical/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Segundo Trimestre da Gravidez , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal/normas , Artérias Umbilicais/embriologia , Cordão Umbilical/embriologia , Veias Umbilicais/embriologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Recent findings have suggested that ductus venosus blood flow may be influenced by fetal gender. The aim of this study was to investigate further the influence of fetal gender on ductus venosus Doppler flow in the first trimester. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional and retrospective study performed between January 1998 and January 2003. A total of 932 fetuses at between 10 and 14 weeks' gestation were included. The following inclusion criteria were used: singleton gestation; crown-rump length between 39 and 84 mm; and absence of fetal anomalies. The following variables of the ductus venosus were evaluated: peak velocity during ventricular systole (S-wave) and diastole (D-wave); nadir during atrial contraction in late diastole (A-wave); pulsatility index for veins (PIV); peak velocity index for veins (PVIV); and time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMXV). RESULTS: Four hundred and forty-eight (48.1%) female and 484 (51.9%) male fetuses were included in the study. Comparing males and females at between 10 and 14 weeks' gestation, there was no statistically significant difference in S-wave, D-wave, A-wave, PIV, PVIV or TAMXV. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that fetal gender does not influence ductus venosus blood flow in the first trimester.