RESUMO
The inappropriate immune response to foods, such as peanut, wheat and milk may be the basis in the pathogenesis of enteropathies like coeliac and Crohn disease, which present small intestinal malabsorption. A number of recent studies have utilized d-xylose absorption as an investigative tool to study small intestinal function in a variety of clinical settings. Thus, the aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the intestinal absorption of D-xylose in an antigen-specific gut inflammatory reaction rat model. Animals of the experimental group were inoculated with peanut protein extract before their exposure to a challenge diet containing exclusively peanut seeds to induce the gut inflammatory reaction caused by peanut allergy. Our results show that systemic inoculation with peanut protein extract renders significantly higher antibody titres (5.085 +/- 0.126 units) (P < 0.0001) than control rats (0.905 +/- 0.053 units) and that the antibody titres correlate positively to an inflammatory alteration of the gut morphology (P < 0.0001). Animals pertaining to the experimental group showed an intestinal absorption of D-xylose lower than control rats (P < 0.0001). We also observed that D-xylose absorption correlates negatively with IgG titres and positively with morphometric parameters (Pearson correlation). In conclusion, the use of serum D-xylose test was useful to identify the presence of small intestinal malabsorption in our antigen specific gut inflammatory reaction rat model.
Assuntos
Síndromes de Malabsorção/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade a Amendoim/complicações , Xilose , Animais , Arachis/imunologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Duodeno/patologia , Epitopos , Imunoglobulina G/biossíntese , Absorção Intestinal , Síndromes de Malabsorção/etiologia , Síndromes de Malabsorção/imunologia , Síndromes de Malabsorção/patologia , Masculino , Hipersensibilidade a Amendoim/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade a Amendoim/patologia , Proteínas de Plantas/imunologia , Ratos , Xilose/sangueRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The presence of food in the intestinal lumen increases absorption from an isolated intestinal loop, the mechanisms involved are unknown. Casein, and its respective hydrolysate, increased D-xylose absorption in both normal volunteers and experimental animals; this effect was associated with prolonged small intestinal transit time and a decrease of motor activity. AIMS: To separate from casein hydrolysate, groups of peptides and to investigate their effects on both D-xylose absorption and small intestinal motility. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Studies were performed on five dogs with a surgically implanted duodenal cannula. Three groups of peptides were separated by means of a Silica Gel 60 column and were continuously infused through the duodenal cannula. After 15 min, 5 g of D-xylose were injected in the duodenum, plasma levels were measured, and the area under the curve was estimated. Motility was recorded by means of infused catheters and external transducers. RESULTS: Plasma levels of D-xylose were significantly increased during the infusion of one group of peptides compared to the others. In addition, the area under the curve: 3366 +/- 885 mg x min-1 observed with this group was significantly greater than the other two groups: 1432 +/- 183 mg x min-1 and 1137 +/- 280 mg x min-1 respectively. No statistically significant differences in motor activity were observed between the different groups of peptides. CONCLUSIONS: A group of peptides derived from casein was characterized by increasing D-xylose absorption. The presence of beta casomorphines might be the possible mechanism involved.
Assuntos
Caseínas/metabolismo , Motilidade Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Absorção Intestinal/fisiologia , Xilose/fisiologia , Animais , Cães , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Xilose/sangueRESUMO
Plasma levels of d-xylose one hr after a standard 5 g oral dose were measured in 82 children suspected of having celiac disease. Duodenal mucosa was obtained by intestinal biopsy in all. Among patients with normal mucosa, 95% had xylose levels above 20 mg/dl; 100% of patients with a flat mucosa had levels under 20 mg/dl. Results were independent of patients age. We conclude that this is a reliable test to screen patients suspected of having celiac disease, prior to intestinal biopsy.
Assuntos
Doença Celíaca/diagnóstico , Mucosa Intestinal/química , Xilose/sangue , Adolescente , Doença Celíaca/sangue , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Valor Preditivo dos TestesRESUMO
Se estudiaron 50 pacientes, 25 eran eutróficos y 25 con Diarrea de Evolución Prolongada (DEP). A cada caso se le aplicó la prueba de absorción de D-Xilosa, administrando 5 gm de la sustancia en 100 ml de agua vía oral y midiendo la concentración sérica 1 hora después. Los niños eutróficos tuvieron promedio de D-xilosa en suero de 29.4 ñ 7.3 mg/dl, mientras que los afectados por DEP mostraron valor promedio de 19.0 ñ 8.6 mg/dl, p < 0.01. Se concluye que los niños con DEP, muestran una alteración en la absorción de esta pentosa
Assuntos
Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Masculino , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Xilose/sangue , Xilose/uso terapêutico , Doença CrônicaRESUMO
Eleven patients with the hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis mansoni were studied. Intestinal absorption of fat and xylose was normal in all patients. Despite these normal absorption parameters, the mucosa showed variable degrees of villus atrophy and an increase of the number of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria. Through morphometric analysis it was seen that the villi were shorter and the ratio villus height/crypt depth was increased in schistosomiasis patients as compared to normal control children. Five of the 11 biopsies contained granulomata with ova in the mucosa or submucosa.
Assuntos
Absorção Intestinal , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Jejuno/patologia , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/fisiopatologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/fisiopatologia , Esplenopatias/fisiopatologia , Xilose/sangue , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , MasculinoRESUMO
Esta investigación se realizó en 71 niños diagnosticados con el síndrome diarreico, de los cuales, el 56 % se caracterizó por presentar una malabsorción a la d'Xilosa (grupo A) y el 44 % restante era de niños diarreicos con una absorción normal de la d'Xilosa (grupo B). En estos dos grupos se analizaron diferentes variables lipídicas, tales como: colesterol total, colesterol unido a la lipoproteína de alta densidad (HDL), colesterol de Beta y pre-Beta, triglicéridos y diferentes fracciones de lipoproteínas. Se obtienen resultados y sobre la base de éstos se ofrecen las conclusiones del estudio. En el grupo A se observó una notable disminución de casi todas las variables lipídicas, con excepción de los triglicéridos y las VLDL. El nivel sérico para el colesterol en HDL alcanzó un promedio de 1,37 mmol/L, considerado dentro del rango de riesgo coronario estándar. En el grupo B solamente disminuyó significativamente la LDL y el colesterol. La hipocolesterolemia y la hipolipoproteinemia disminuyeron su frecuencia. La HDL mostró pronósticos de riesgo más favorables (1,71 mmol/L). Cuando estudiamos la frecuencia de hiperlipoproteinemia en ambos grupos (A y B), se reportó el 18 % de casos afectados y una mayor proporción en el grupo B (28 %). La hipocolesterolemia se presentó en el 55 % de los casos y la hipolipoproteinemia en el 54
Assuntos
Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Eletroforese das Proteínas Sanguíneas , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , Colesterol/sangue , Diarreia , Diarreia Infantil , Hipolipoproteinemias , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangue , Lipoproteínas VLDL/sangue , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Xilose/sangueRESUMO
Se efectúa la prueba de D-Xilosa con 25 g, en 10 pacientes de más de 60 años (media: 75,5), indemnes de afección digestiva o extradigestiva, susceptibles de pertubar el resultado. Para comparar los resultados observados hay un grupo control de 10 adultos jóvenes (media: 23,7). La xilosemia en las dos primeras horas se encuentra dentro de límites normales en los sujetos ancianos como en el grupo control. No ocurre lo mismo con la xilosuria que la absorción de D-Xilosa se efectúa normalmente en los sujetos ancianos, cuando ésta es valorada sobre la xilosemia y no así con la xilosemia en las dos primeras horas para ambos grupos, como una forma simplificada de esta prueba
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Absorção Intestinal , Xilose/sangue , Xilose/farmacocinética , Xilose/urina , Fatores Etários , Idoso de 80 Anos ou maisRESUMO
Se efectúa la prueba de D-Xilosa con 25 g, en 10 pacientes de más de 60 años (media: 75,5), indemnes de afección digestiva o extradigestiva, susceptibles de pertubar el resultado. Para comparar los resultados observados hay un grupo control de 10 adultos jóvenes (media: 23,7). La xilosemia en las dos primeras horas se encuentra dentro de límites normales en los sujetos ancianos como en el grupo control. No ocurre lo mismo con la xilosuria que la absorción de D-Xilosa se efectúa normalmente en los sujetos ancianos, cuando ésta es valorada sobre la xilosemia y no así con la xilosemia en las dos primeras horas para ambos grupos, como una forma simplificada de esta prueba (AU)
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudo Comparativo , Absorção Intestinal , Xilose/farmacocinética , Xilose/sangue , Xilose/urina , Fatores Etários , Idoso de 80 Anos ou maisRESUMO
To ten patients who have more than sixty years old (medium: 75.5), the test of D-Xylose with 25 g was carried out. They have not intestinal or extraintestinal disease, that difficult the results. A control group was, ten adults young (medium: 23.7). The xylose in blood was in the first hours, between the normals limits in both groups. It does not occurred with the xylose in urine of five hours. This work support that the absorption of D-Xylose is carried out normally in old people, when the detection is in blood not in urine. Although we purpose the detection of xylose in blood during the first two hours in both groups, as an easy way for this test.