Spatial-temporal distribution of visceral leishmaniasis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2001-2020: expansion and challenges.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
; 118(7): 448-457, 2024 Jul 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38517304
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Visceral leishmaniasis results from complex interactions among humans, dogs and environment. Brazil accounts for 97% of cases in the Americas.METHODS:
Twenty years (2001-2020) of the endemic disease in the state of Rio de Janeiro were studied. Incidence, lethality, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were investigated, complemented with spatial methodologies (kernel and clusters).RESULTS:
Ninety-seven human cases and 625 dogs were reported. Of the 92 cities, 22 were human endemic areas. The state had a low incidence level (0.6 per 100 000). Lethality was higher compared with the Brazilian average. More than 90% of infections occurred in urban areas. Most cases (66%) occurred in men. The predominant age groups were 0-4 y (28.7%) and 20-39 y (32.9%). Fever (89.5%), splenomegaly (83.2%) and hepatomegaly (76.8%) were the main clinical manifestations. Spatial analysis showed a displacement of the human endemic in the first decade (2001-2010), cases were concentrated in the Metropolitan region, and in the second decade (2011-2020) in the Médio Paraíba region of the state. Most of the endemic area (56.4%) had canine infections without reported human cases.CONCLUSIONS:
Disorderly urbanisation and precarious living conditions favour the transmission of the disease. Changes in the environment and migratory processes contribute to its expansion.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças do Cão
/
Análise Espaço-Temporal
/
Leishmaniose Visceral
Limite:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Aged
/
Animals
/
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
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Infant
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
America do sul
/
Brasil
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Brasil
País de publicação:
Reino Unido