RESUMO

Abstract This paper investigates motivation to learn and learning strategies in a sample of 353 Brazilian students in elementary and secondary education. Data were collected through the Motivation to learn scale and two Learning Strategies Assessment Scales, one for elementary school and another for high school. Learning goals and use of metacognitive strategies were predominant in the sample. Significant positive and negative correlations between the subscales were found. Two models emerged explaining 33% and 37% of the variance in the use of learning strategies that can be attributed to motivation to learn factors. The study underscores the importance of motivation to learn for engaging students in strategic behavior.

Resumo O artigo investigou a motivação para aprender e as estratégias de aprendizagem em uma amostra de 353 estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio brasileiro. Foram utilizadas a Escala de avaliação da motivação para a aprendizagem e uma Escala de Avaliação das Estratégias de Aprendizagem para o Ensino Fundamental e outra para o Ensino Médio. A Meta Aprender e as estratégias metacognitivas foram predominantes na amostra. Foram encontradas correlações positivas e negativas significativas entre as subescalas e emergiram dois modelos que explicaram 33% e 37% da variância no uso de estratégias de aprendizagem que podem ser atribuídos aos fatores da motivação. O estudo reforçou a importância da motivação para aprender no engajamento dos estudantes em comportamentos estratégicos.

RESUMO

Self-handicapping strategies refer to the set of choices and attitudes adopted to minimize blame for failure and increase the value of success in achievement situations. This paper aims to describe the stages of construction and the psychometric analysis of a scale to measure the self-handicapping strategies of university students. In study 1, the major steps for the construction of the scales and initial results are reported. The internal consistency indices were acceptable and the principal component analysis revealed factors with little explanation of data variance. In study 2, data from a sample of 834 students from several undergraduate courses of different Brazilian universities were subjected to exploratory factor analysis using the minimum rank factor analysis (MRFA) method and the matrix of polychoric correlations. The parallel analysis criterion for factor retention indicated the one-factor solution as the best fit to data. The importance of having a valid and reliable measure to assess self-handicapping strategies in educational contexts and the promising use of the scale in actions to improve learning in higher education are discussed.

RESUMO

O Ensino Superior (ES) possui grande importância socioeconômica na contemporaneidade, sendo indispensável avaliar seus processos e impactos. A qualidade do ES está relacionada a capacidade de reter os estudantes e assegurar a conclusão do curso, o que se associa a variáveis institucionais e pessoais. Dentre as variáveis individuais, a autoeficácia, as estratégias de estudo e a motivação para aprender são constructos centrais. Este trabalho objetivou a reavaliação das caraterísticas psicométricas, por meio da análise fatorial confirmatória, de três instrumentos: Escala de Autoeficácia para a Aprendizagem, Escala de Motivação para Aprender de Universitários e Escala de Estratégias de Aprendizagem para o Estudante Universitário. Participaram 264 estudantes de ambos o sexo, de diferentes anos de formação e de cursos das três áreas de conhecimento: humanas, saúde e exatas. O estudo reafirmou a validade e a precisão dos instrumentos, que avaliam variáveis relevantes do processo de aprendizagem e sucesso acadêmico no ES. (AU)

Higher Education (HE) has great socioeconomic importance, with it being essential to evaluate its processes and impacts. The quality of HE relates to the ability to retain students and ensure course completion, which is associated with institutional and personal variables. Among the individual variables, self-efficacy, learning strategies and motivation to learn are central constructs. This work aimed to reassess the psychometric characteristics, through confirmatory factor analysis, of three instruments: the Self-Efficacy Scale for Learning, the Motivation Scale for Learning by University Students and the Scale of Learning Strategies for University Students. This study included 264 students of both genders, from different years and courses of the three areas of knowledge: humanities, health and exact sciences. The study reaffirmed the validity and reliability of the instruments, which evaluate variables relevant to the learning process and academic success in HE. (AU)

La Educación Superior (ES) actualmente posee una gran importancia socioeconómica, siendo indispensable evaluar sus procesos e impactos. La calidad de la ES se relaciona con la capacidad de retener a los estudiantes y asegurar la finalización de la carrera, lo que se asocia con variables institucionales y personales. Entre las variables individuales, la autoeficacia, las estrategias de estudio y la motivación para aprender son constructos centrales. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo la reevaluación de las características psicométricas, por medio de análisis factorial confirmatorio, de tres instrumentos: Escala de Autoeficacia para el Aprendizaje, Escala de Motivación para el Aprendizaje de Estudiantes Universitarios y Escala de Estrategias de Aprendizaje para Estudiantes Universitarios. Participaron 264 estudiantes de ambos sexos, de diferentes años de formación y de titulaciones de las tres áreas de conocimiento: humanidades, salud y ciencias. El estudio reafirmó la validez y la precisión de los instrumentos que evalúan variables relevantes del proceso de aprendizaje y el éxito acadêmico en la ES. (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Teacher education programs should have as one of their purposes the promotion of self-regulatory skills for learning among students who aspire to be teachers so that they can take a leading role in their learning and foster these skills in their future students. Considering the importance of knowing what students in teacher education programs do to study and learn, as well as how efficacious they feel to deal with academic demands, this study is part of a larger research and aims to investigate the learning and study strategies and self-efficacy for learning beliefs of 220 students enrolled in teacher education programs in Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics of a Higher Education Institution in the state of Piauí, and examine them in relation to age, gender, licentiate area, and course semester. Brazilian translations of the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI - Third Edition) and the Self-efficacy for Learning Form were used for data collection. Scales were administered in the classrooms both through online platforms and in paper and pencil. Nonparametric inferential statistical approaches were used to test hypotheses regarding group differences. Statistically significant differences were found in LASSI in relation to gender, licentiate area, and course semester. Overall, students in Physics dealt better with anxiety; in Mathematics showed more favorable attitudes towards learning; in Chemistry reported managing their time better; in Biological Science showed significantly lower scores on many scales than did other students. Findings from this study could help inform curricular design decisions regarding teacher education programs and inform the design of interventions to strengthen the learning and study strategies and the self-efficacy for learning beliefs of future teachers.

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to investigate motivational regulation strategies and motivation to learn of High School students, as well as to examine the intercorrelations between these two variables and their relationships with sociodemographic variables. The sample of the study was composed of 233 students from two public schools, who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and two Likert scales. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics procedures. Results revealed that students seem to use motivational regulation strategies and generally feel motivated to learn. Female students reported using significantly more strategies to stay motivated than did males. Positive and significant correlations were found within the factors of the motivational regulation strategies scale and between the two scales. It is expected that the present study stimulates further research and contributes to the design of interventions to strengthen students´ motivation to learn.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar as estratégias de regulação da motivação e a motivação para aprender de estudantes do Ensino Médio, bem como examinar as intercorrelações entre essas duas variáveis e suas relações com variáveis sociodemográficas. Participaram da pesquisa 233 alunos de duas escolas públicas, que responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico e a duas escalas Likert. Os dados foram analisados pelos procedimentos da estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados revelaram que os estudantes parecem utilizar estratégias de regulação da motivação e geralmente se sentem motivados para aprender. Estudantes do gênero feminino reportaram usar significativamente mais estratégias para se manter motivados do que os do masculino. Correlações positivas e significativas foram encontradas entre os fatores da escala de estratégias de regulação da motivação e entre as duas escalas. Espera-se que o presente estudo estimule novas pesquisas e possibilite o delineamento de intervenções para fortalecer a motivação para aprender dos estudantes.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Teacher education programs should have as one of their purposes the promotion of self-regulatory skills for learning among students who aspire to be teachers so that they can take a leading role in their learning and foster these skills in their future students. Considering the importance of knowing what students in teacher education programs do to study and learn, as well as how efficacious they feel to deal with academic demands, this study is part of a larger research and aims to investigate the learning and study strategies and self-efficacy for learning beliefs of 220 students enrolled in teacher education programs in Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics of a Higher Education Institution in the state of Piauí, and examine them in relation to age, gender, licentiate area, and course semester. Brazilian translations of the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI ­ Third Edition) and the Self-efficacy for Learning Form were used for data collection. Scales were administered in the classrooms both through online platforms and in paper and pencil. Nonparametric inferential statistical pproaches were used to test hypotheses regarding group differences. Statistically significant differences were found in LASSI in relation to gender, licentiate area, and course semester. Overall, students in Physics dealt better with anxiety; in Mathematics showed more favorable attitudes towards learning; in Chemistry reported an aging their time better; in Biological Science showed significantly lower scores on many scales than did other students. Findings from this study could help inform curricular design decisions regarding teacher education programs and inform the design of interventions to strengthen the learning and study strategies and the self-efficacy for learning beliefs of future teachers.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract Self-handicapping strategies refer to the set of choices and attitudes adopted to minimize blame for failure and increase the value of success in achievement situations. This paper aims to describe the stages of construction and the psychometric analysis of a scale to measure the self-handicapping strategies of university students. In study 1, the major steps for the construction of the scales and initial results are reported. The internal consistency indices were acceptable and the principal component analysis revealed factors with little explanation of data variance. In study 2, data from a sample of 834 students from several undergraduate courses of different Brazilian universities were subjected to exploratory factor analysis using the minimum rank factor analysis (MRFA) method and the matrix of polychoric correlations. The parallel analysis criterion for factor retention indicated the one-factor solution as the best fit to data. The importance of having a valid and reliable measure to assess self-handicapping strategies in educational contexts and the promising use of the scale in actions to improve learning in higher education are discussed.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to estimate validity evidence based on the internal structure and accuracy of the adapted version of the Learning Strategies Assessment Scale for High School (EAVAP-EM), using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Participants were 701 first- to third-year high school students (M = 16.1; SD = 1.0), from public and private institutions in the states of Paraná and São Paulo. The CFA indicated the presence of the three factors of the EAVAP-EM, with adequate internal consistency. The instrument also showed good fit indices. There were positive and significant correlations between the factors, with magnitude ranging from medium to large. Moreover, students reported making more use of metacognitive strategies. The results evinced significant advances regarding measures with good psychometric parameters to assess learning strategies, considering their relevance to the psychoeducational context (AU).

Objetivou-se no presente estudo estimar indicadores de validade com base na estrutura interna e precisão da versão adaptada da Escala de Avaliação das Estratégias de Aprendizagem para o Ensino Médio (EAVAP-EM), por meio de uma análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC). Participaram 701 alunos do primeiro ao terceiro ano do Ensino Médio (M = 16,1; DP = 1,0), provenientes de instituições públicas e particulares dos estados do Paraná e de São Paulo. A AFC indicou a presença dos três fatores da EAVAP-EM, com consistência interna considerada adequada, sendo que o instrumento apresentou bons índices de ajuste. Houve correlações positivas e significativas entre os fatores, com magnitude variando de média a grande. Ainda, os estudantes reportaram fazer mais uso de estratégias metacognitivas. Os resultados evidenciam importantes avanços no que concerne a medidas com bons indicadores psicométricos para avaliação das estratégias de aprendizagem, considerando sua relevância ao contexto psicoeducacional (AU).

El objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar evidencias de validez a partir de la estructura interna y la precisión de la versión adaptada de la Escala de Evaluación de Estrategias de Aprendizaje para la Escuela Preparatoria (EAVAP-EM), mediante un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC). Participaron 701 estudiantes de primero a tercer año de secundaria (M = 16.1; DS = 1.0), de instituciones públicas y privadas de las provincias de Paraná y São Paulo. El AFC indicó la presencia de los tres factores del EAVAP-EM, con consistencia interna considerada adecuada. El instrumento mostró índices de ajuste adecuados. Hubo correlaciones positivas y significativas entre los factores, cuya magnitud varió de moderada a alta. Además, los estudiantes informaron que hacen un mayor uso de las estrategias metacognitivas. Los resultados evidencian avances importantes en cuanto a medidas con buenos indicadores psicométricos para evaluar estrategias de aprendizaje, considerando su relevancia para el contexto psicoeducativo (AU).

Assuntos

RESUMO

Identificar as estratégias que favorecem os alunos a estudarem com o uso das tecnologias digitais é um dos grandes desafios desta sociedade atual. Este estudo buscou evidências de validade da estrutura interna dos itens de um instrumento para mensurar as estratégias de aprendizagem empregadas pelos alunos quando estudam utilizando as tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC). Para tanto, elaborou-se a Escala de Estratégias de Aprendizagem com o Uso das TDIC (EEA-TDIC) para os estudantes dos ensinos médio e superior. Participaram desta pesquisa 822 alunos. As três dimensões do instrumento, estruturadas após análise fatorial exploratória, confirmaram-se nos resultados alcançados com a análise confirmatória. As propriedades psicométricas da EEA-TDIC foram evidenciadas, estabelecendo a escala como medida válida e confiável. Acredita-se que a escala será útil para avaliação e diagnóstico psicoeducacional de forma a orientar ações formativas no contexto educativo. (AU)

Identifying the strategies that help students to study using digital technologies is one of the great challenges for society today. This study sought evidence for the validity of the internal structure of the items of an instrument to measure the learning strategies employed by students when they study using digital information and communication technologies (DICT). Accordingly, the Learning Strategies with the use of DICT Scale (EEA-TDIC) was developed for students in High School and Higher Education. Study participants were 822 students. The three dimensions of the instrument, structured after exploratory factor analysis, were confirmed in the results of the confirmatory analysis. The psychometric properties of the EEA-TDIC were found to be acceptable, establishing the scale as a valid and reliable measure. The scale will be useful for psychoeducational assessment and diagnosis, in order to guide study actions in the educational context. (AU)

Identificar las estrategias que favorezcan a los estudiantes a estudiar con el uso de tecnologías digitales es uno de los grandes desafíos de la sociedad actual. Este estudio buscó evidencias de validez de la estructura interna de los ítems de un instrumento para medir las estrategias de aprendizaje empleadas por el alumnado cuando estudian utilizando tecnologías digitales de la información y la comunicación (TDIC). Para ello, se desarrolló la Escala de Estrategias de Aprendizaje con el uso de TDIC (EEA-TDIC) para estudiantes de Educación Secundaria y Superior. 822 estudiantes participaron en esta investigación. Las tres dimensiones del instrumento, estructuradas tras el análisis factorial exploratorio, se confirmaron en los resultados obtenidos con el análisis confirmatorio. Se evidenciaron las propiedades psicométricas del EEA-TDIC, estableciendo la escala como una medida válida y confiable. Se cree que la escala será de utilidad para la evaluación y el diagnóstico psicoeducativo con el fin de orientar las acciones formativas en el contexto educativo. (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Pesquisas recentes na área educacional têm evidenciado altas taxas de reprovação e evasão no Ensino Superior. Estudiosos afirmam que o problema pode estar relacionado às dificuldades de aprendizagem dos alunos no contexto acadêmico. A autorregulação da aprendizagem é uma perspectiva amplamente investigada pelo seu potencial em auxiliar os estudantes a aprender melhor. O presente trabalho objetivou analisar a produção científica de artigos sobre programas de intervenção em aprendizagem autorregulada no Ensino Superior, publicados em âmbitos nacional e internacional, no período de 2004 a 2016. Os resultados revelaram o impacto positivo que os programas exerceram no fortalecimento da capacidade de aprender a aprender dos universitários. Os programas de intervenção, em sua maioria, foram realizados em cursos extraclasses, com grupos grandes de alunos e dados coletados por meio de instrumentos de autorrelato. Observou-se um maior número de pesquisas realizadas internacionalmente, com o predomínio do ensino de estratégias no aprendizado de língua estrangeira (AU).

Assuntos