RESUMO
Characteristics and distribution of six plants are described. The chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of leaf and stem of Polymnia maculata, Trigonospermum annuum, Buddleia parviflora Kunt, Canna indica L, Gnaphalium oxyphyllum y Saurauia scabrida Hensl., selected for farmers information, were analysed as a potential resources in animal feeding. The results in dry matter: Crude protein (%): Go and Ss 10.9, Bp 16.7, Pm 11.7 and Ta 11.3. Cell wall (%): Go 54.1, Ss 52.3, Ci 54.4, Bp 68.3, Pm 27.8 and Ta 30.9. Lignin (%): Go and Ss 16.6, Ci 15.5, Bp 10.4, Pm 10.6 and Ta 13.3. IN vitro dry matter digestibility (%): Go 55.1, Ss 37.6, Ci 55.4, Bp 46.5, Pm 82.4 and Ta 81.4. Calcium and phosphorus (mg/100g) respectively: Go 1095 and 379, Ss 1132 and 387, Ci 600 and 421, Bp 800 and 855, Pm 1146 and 421 and Ta 905 and 480. Tannic acid (mg/100g): Go 1450, Ss 1480, Bp 575, Ci 518, Pm 3329 and Ta 2760. Trypsin inhibitor (UIT/g): Go 22264, Ss 29720, Bp 755, Ci 4228, Pm 931 and Ta 4412. Hemagglutinins were detected in Pm and Ta. Alkaloids were detected as scarce in Bp, Ci and Pm, moderate in Ta. Saponins and Cyanogenic glucosides were not detected. It is concluded that Pm and Ta could be considered as a forage for ruminants; Go, Bp and Ci as a complement; recommended the voluntary intake, in vivo digestibility and weight increase trials.
Assuntos
Ração Animal , Plantas Comestíveis/química , Alcaloides/análise , Animais , Fibras na Dieta/análise , Proteínas Alimentares/análise , Hemaglutininas/análise , México , Minerais/análise , Plantas Tóxicas/química , Ruminantes , Especificidade da Espécie , Inibidores da Tripsina/análiseRESUMO
Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) is a perennial plant with an interesting economic value by processing it for liquid wax production. By pressing of jojoba seeds, by-product which has been called "residual meal" has been obtained, and because of its high protein content, it would be a great interest to evaluate it as animal feedstuff. The results of this study showed the following. Both seed and residual meal were analyzed in regard to their chemical proximal composition: crude protein 14.03 and 25.24%; ether extract, 48.89 and 14.73%; crude fiber, 10.03 and 10.07%; ash, 1.59 and 4.72, and nitrogen-free extract, 25.46 and 45.25, the limiting amino acids being methionine, lysine and isoleucine. The trypsin inhibitor factors were 13.747 and 11,197 TIU/g; and hemagglutinins and saponins were negative for both samples. Cyanogenic glucosides were positive in both samples. It was concluded that jojoba residual meal is an alternative as an adequate feedstuff in those regions where jojoba is produced. Nevertheless, prior to consumption it must be treated so as to eliminate the toxic factors.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/análise , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Nozes/análise , Óleos de Plantas/análise , Inibidores da Tripsina/análise , Manipulação de Alimentos , Valor NutritivoRESUMO
La jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) es una planta que últimamente ha despertado grand interés mundial debido a la cera líquida que de ella se obtiene. Aun cuando se ha prestado mucha atención al uso potencial de esta cera como sustituto del aceite de ballena (cachalote), poco ha sido el trabajo efectuado sobre el subproducto, de elevado contenido proteínico, que queda después de la extracción del aceite. Considerando que una de las principales preocupaciones actuales es la búsqueda de nuevas fuentes de alimentos, tanto para consumo humano como animal, es clara la necesidad de efectuar un estudio sobre este producto. Como resultados significativos de la caracterización realizada se obtuvo: proteína cruda, 14.03 y 25.25%; extracto etéreo, 48.89 y 14.73%; fibra cruda, 10.03 y 10.07%; cenizas, 1.59 y 4.72, y extracto libre de nitrógeno, 25.46 y 45.25, siendo los aminoácidos limitantes la metionina, lisina e isoleucina; el inhibidor de tripsina, 13,747 y 11,197 UIT/g, y presencia de glucósidos cianogénicos en la semilla y la pasta, respectivamente. Se puede considerar, que por su valor nutritivo, la pasta residual de jojoba es un suplemento adecuado para la alimentación animal. Sin embargo, requiere de un tratamiento previo a su consumo para eliminar los factores tóxicos