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Soil erosion is a concern in many parts of the world, causing environmental and social impacts. Aiming at obtaining indicators of the recovery of brownfields created by gullies in urban areas, this study adapts the Tailored Improvement of Brownfield Regeneration in Europe (TIMBRE) for the analysis and classification of areas affected by gullies in the city of Bauru, Brazil. The TIMBRE methodology assists in the decision-making of priority areas for remediation and their reinsertion in urban spaces. The inventory of areas affected by gullies was compiled based on the analysis of two image sets (2004 and 2020) available on Google Earth. For the classification of brownfields, three classes were considered: Class 1 - local potential for business development, Class 2 - attractiveness and marketing, and Class 3 - environmental risks. These results demonstrate a correlation between gullies and urban expansion. The inventory identified 175 gullies in the municipality's urban perimeter in 2004, which affected an area of over 64 ha. In 2020, the number of gullies increased to 189, but the affected area decreased to 62 ha due to the recovery of some large gullies. The proposed methodology identified the area of Quinta da Bela Olinda as the one with the highest scores in all three classifications. Quinta da Bela Olinda is the location that has a local potential for business development, as it is the most attractive brownfield, as well as the area with the highest environmental risk. This area should, thus, be prioritized by public management for remediation. In conclusion, the proposed method of analysis can be transferred to other areas with adaptations in the criteria used and, therefore, may facilitate the management of urban areas affected by gullies in other places around the world.

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The apparent tortuosity due to adsorption of diffusing tracers in a porous material is determined by a scaling approach and is used to analyze recent data on LiCl and alkane diffusion in mesoporous silica. The slope of the adsorption isotherm at small loadings is written as ß = qA/qG, where qA is the adsorption-desorption ratio and qG = ϵ/(as) - 1 is a geometrical factor depending on the range a of the tracer-wall interaction, the porosity ϵ, and the specific surface area s. The adsorption leads to a decrease of effective diffusion coefficient, which is quantified by multiplying the geometrical tortuosity factor τgeom by an apparent tortuosity factor τapp. In wide pores or when the adsorption barrier is high, τapp = ß + 1, as obtained in previous works, but in narrow pores there is an additional contribution from frequent adsorption-desorption transitions. These results are obtained in media with parallel pores of constant cross sections, where the ratio between the effective pore width ϵ/s and the actual width is ≈0.25. Applications to mesoporous silica samples are justified by the small deviations from this ideal ratio. In the analysis of alkane self-diffusion data, the fractions of adsorbed molecules predicted in a recent theoretical work are used to estimate τgeom of the silica samples, which is ≫1 only in the sample with the narrowest pores (nominal 3 nm). The application of the model to Li+ ion diffusion leads to similar values of τgeom and to a difference of energy barriers of desorption and adsorption for those ions of ∼0.06 eV. Comparatively, alkane self-diffusion provides the correct order of magnitude of τgeom, with adsorption playing a less important role, whereas adsorption effects on Li+ diffusion are much more important.

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The current case study focuses on the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) mapping of Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - a region at risk from petroleum sector pollution. By mapping 981.5 km of coastline and classifying it in 10 oil sensitivity indices, we integrated biotic resources, socioeconomic attributes, and geoenvironmental diversity into a georeferenced database. Results reveal a high oil sensitivity of the bay, with approximately 89 % of the mapped coast scoring ESI 8 and ESI 10. These scores comprise, respectively, estuarine and solid substrate habitats that are sheltered from wave action. Notably, numerous manufacturing and oil handling plants, along with intensive urbanization, also contribute to the bay's oil sensitivity. Additionally, the rich biotic diversity in the study area, particularly in protected areas housing 79 conservation units, further amplifies its environmental vulnerability. This study aims to serve as a reference for detailed ESI mapping of coastal areas in tropical rainy zones with significant environmental diversity, industrial development, and a dense population.

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The oil spill environmental sensitivity index is a key tool for preventing and dealing with environmental disasters caused by oil spills. This study aims to review the available literature on the subject and highlight the importance of methodological advances to improve how the index is applied in continental areas, especially in regions crossed by pipelines. Most current mapping techniques focus on coastal areas and fail to consider the stretches of land that are vulnerable to geodynamic natural disasters. In this context, the need to implement environmental sensitivity indices specific for pipelines has become urgent. This study also presents an overview of the main accidents around the world and a detailed analysis of the history of Brazilian disasters related to oil spills along continental stretches, with a focus on pipelines and natural disasters. In addition, this work highlights the importance of carrying out new research in mountainous areas of Brazil and is aimed at preventing Natechs (natural hazard triggering technological disasters) and improving contingency plans. As a result, several pathways have been identified, which involves the necessity of resolving gaps in terrestrial environmental sensitivity mapping methodologies, particularly as applied to pipelines. Furthermore, solutions must be capable of integrating terrestrial, fluvial, coastal, and maritime environmental sensitivity mapping techniques. Moreover, the need to implement dynamic risk monitoring systems in real time is critical to help manage such a complex problem.

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A strong rationale supports the development of adsorption-based extracorporeal blood purification in conditions such as sepsis, acute kidney disease, uremia, and acute liver failure. The retention of compounds as a consequence of acute or chronic organ dysfunction might have detrimental effects. When a causative effect of an accumulated compound in a pathogenic condition is demonstrated, a rationale for the removal of this solute is also established. Adsorption is a mass transfer mechanism in which a solute chemically interacts with the surface of a solid structure (sorbent) and is removed from its solvent (i.e., blood or plasma). Traditional extracorporeal blood purification techniques utilize semipermeable membranes and depend mainly on diffusion and convection as mechanisms of mass transfer. Protein-bound solutes and water-soluble compounds with molecular weight above 25 kDa are scantly removed by either diffusive or convective clearances. In contrast, recently developed resins have demonstrated safety aligned with notable adsorptive capability, which enables the extraction of endotoxins, inflammatory mediators, and uremic toxins. The understanding of the kinetics of these elements and the improvement in patient selection are key factors to propel exploratory and confirmatory trials that ultimately will lead to the expected changes in clinical practice.

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This study aims at providing an overview of the socioeconomic consequences that debris-flow events have caused in Brazil, positioning the country in the international scenario and identifying areas where targeted actions are necessary. The analysis is conducted by calculating the debris-flow mortality rate (MR) and by using the so-called F-N plots (frequency of events that have caused N or more fatalities vs. the number of fatalities), based on a compilation of debris-flow-related disasters from 1920 to 2021. In total, 45 debris-flow events were documented in the considered period, responsible for 5771 fatalities and more than 5.5 billion USD in economic losses. The Serra do Mar Mountain Range is the main site of reported debris-flow occurrences (64.5%), followed by Serra da Mantiqueira (13.3%), and Serra Geral (13.3%). Southeast Brazil (SEB) is the region most affected by debris-flow events, due to the highest population density and the development of several cities in hilly areas, such as Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro state) and Cubatão (São Paulo state). The debris-flow MR of SEB is higher than any other region in Brazil, pushing the national debris-flow MR upwards, and the F-N curve of SEB consolidates the region as the one with the highest risk to the phenomenon, indicating a higher probability of fatal events. The F-N plots further show that debris-flow events in Brazil represent a higher societal risk than in countries such as China, Japan and Italy. While there are differences in country size and the scale effect should be considered, these results highlight the urgent need for investments in disaster prevention and preparedness programs. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10346-022-01984-7.

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Trata-se do texto de abertura referente ao dossiê temático A (segundo a organização editorial da revista), cujo objetivo consistiu em colocar em perspectiva os Programas: PIBID e PRP, de modo a prospectar os impactos formativos de tais políticas de formação ao campo da docência em Educação Física. Com efeito, os resultados das comunicações científicas compreendidas na referida seção temática patenteiam contextos; experiências; desafios; adversidades; e caminhos formativos (alvissareiros ou não) para o intricado tecido da constituição professoral em Educação Física

This is the opening text referring to the thematic dossier A (according to the magazine's editorial organization), whose objective was to put into analyze the Programs: (PIBID) and (PRP), in order to prospect the formative influences from such programs for the field of teaching in Physical Education. The scientific communications included in the above-mentioned thematic section reflect contexts, experiences, challenges, adversities, and training paths (auspicious or not) for the intricate fabric of the teaching constitution in Physical Education

Este es el texto inicial referente al dossier temático A (según la organización editorial de la revista), cuyo objetivo fue poner en análisis los Programas: (PIBID) y (PRP), con el fin de prospectar las influencias formativas de dichos programas. para el ámbito de la docencia en Educación Física. En efecto, los resultados de las comunicaciones científicas incluidas en el citado apartado temático revelan contextos; experiencias; desafíos; infortunios; y caminos formativos (auspicio o no) para el intrincado entramado de la constitución docente en Educación Física

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Objetivo: cotejar a percepção de concluintes do curso (licenciatura) em Educação Física em relação à participação no Programa Residência Pedagógica (edição 2022/2023) em uma universidade federal sul-mineira, de modo a verificar suas implicações para formação inicial e constituição da carreira professoral. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com enfoque narrativo. Contou com a participação de quatro residentes. Em termos analíticos para perscrutação dos dados, empregou-se a triangulação enquanto método. Resultados e discussão: Como resultado desse caminho heurístico formulou-se três categorias, quais sejam: a primeira (1ª) diz respeito aos dados pessoais e a trajetória formativa dos(as) pesquisados(as), com ênfase na formação inicial; enquanto a segunda (2ª) traduz as experiências formativas oriundas da participação em programas para formação de professores, especificamente o Programa Residência Pedagógica (subprojeto Educação Física); e por último, a terceira (3) averiguou os contributos do aludido programa quanto aos aspectos epistemológicos e didáticos à formação docente em Educação Física. Conclusão: Em linhas gerais, constatamos contribuições significativas em diferentes esferas da formação, com destaque à compleição de uma identidade professoral mais consolidada em decorrência da experiência, em que pese o açodamento temporal da participação salientado pela maioria dos(as) aspirantes à docência, considerando o fato do programa contemplar apenas a segunda metade dos cursos de licenciaturas

Objective: to examine the conception of the graduates of the course (degree) in Physical Education in relation to participation in the Pedagogical Residency Program (2022/2023 edition) at a federal university in southern Minas Gerais, in order to verify its implications for initial training and formation of a teaching career. Methodology: This is a qualitative research, with a narrative approach. It had the participation of four students. In analytical terms for scrutinizing the data, triangulation was used as a method. Results and discussion: As a result of this heuristic path, three categories were formulated, namely: the first (1st) concerns personal data and the formative trajectory of the researched ones, with emphasis on initial formation; while the second (2nd) translates the formative experiences arising from participation in teacher training programs, specifically the Pedagogical Residency Program (Physical Education subproject); and finally, the third (3) investigated the contributions of the aforementioned program regarding the epistemological and didactic aspects of teacher training in Physical Education. Conclusion: In general terms, we found significant contributions in different spheres of training, with emphasis on the completion of a more consolidated teacher identity as a result of the experience, in spite of the short period frame of participation highlighted by the majority of aspiring teachers, considering the fact that the program covers only the second half of degree courses

Objetivo: examinar la concepción de los egresados del curso (licenciatura) en Educación Física en relación a la participación en el Programa de Residencia Pedagógica (edición 2022/2023) en una universidad federal del sur de Minas Gerais, con el fin de verificar sus implicaciones para la formación inicial y formación de la carrera docente. Metodología: Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, con enfoque narrativo. Contó con la participación de cuatro estudiantes. En términos analíticos para el escrutinio de los datos, se utilizó como método la triangulación. Resultados y discusión: Como resultado de este recorrido heurístico, se formularon tres categorías, a saber: la primera (1ª) se refiere a los datos personales y la trayectoria formativa de los investigados, con énfasis en la formación inicial; mientras que el segundo (2º) traduce las experiencias formativas derivadas de la participación en programas de formación docente, específicamente el Programa de Residencia Pedagógica (subproyecto de Educación Física); y finalmente, el tercero (3) investigó los aportes del mencionado programa respecto de los aspectos epistemológicos y didácticos de la formación docente en Educación Física. Conclusión: En términos generales, encontramos aportes significativos en diferentes ámbitos de la formación, con énfasis en la culminación de una identidad docente más consolidada como resultado de la experiencia, a pesar del corto período de participación resaltado por la mayoría de los aspirantes a docentes, considerando el hecho de que el programa cubre sólo la segunda mitad de las carreras de grado

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We perform kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of film growth in simple cubic lattices with solid-on-solid conditions, Ehrlich-Schwoebel (ES) barriers at step edges, and a kinetic barrier related to the hidden off-plane diffusion at multilayer steps. Broad ranges of the diffusion-to-deposition ratio R, detachment probability per lateral neighbor, ε, and monolayer step crossing probability P=exp[-E_{ES}/(k_{B}T)] are studied. Without the ES barrier, four possible scaling regimes are shown as the coverage θ increases: nearly layer-by-layer growth with damped roughness oscillations; kinetic roughening in the Villain-Lai-Das Sarma (VLDS) universality class when the roughness is W∼1 (in lattice units); unstable roughening with mound nucleation and growth, where slopes of logW×logθ plots reach values larger than 0.5; and asymptotic statistical growth with W=θ^{1/2} solely due to the kinetic barrier at multilayer steps. If the ES barrier is present, the layer-by-layer growth crosses over directly to the unstable regime, with no transient VLDS scaling. However, in simulations up to θ=10^{4} (typical of films with a few micrometers), low temperatures (small R, Îµ, or P) may suppress the two or three initial regimes, while high temperatures and P∼1 produce smooth surfaces at all thicknesses. These crossovers help to explain proposals of nonuniversal exponents in previous works. We define a smooth film thickness θ_{c} where W=1 and show that VLDS scaling at that point indicates negligible ES barriers, while rapidly increasing roughness indicates a small ES barrier (E_{ES}∼k_{B}T). θ_{c} scales as ∼exp(const×P^{2/3}) if the other parameters are kept fixed, which represents a high sensitivity on the ES barrier. The analysis of recent experimental data in the light of our results distinguishes cases where E_{ES}/(k_{B}T) is negligible, ∼1, or ≪1.