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Introducción: El trabajo interdisciplinario busca derribar barreras existentes entre las diversas disciplinas, para que puedan interactuar entre sí, de manera regulada, bajo directrices, metodologías y procedimientos, buscando alcanzar un propósito. El objetivo del estudio fue sistematizar evidencias científicas sobre el trabajo metodológico interdisciplinario en la Carrera de Medicina. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática, utilizando como fuentes de información la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud Regional (BVS) y el motor de búsqueda Google académico. La búsqueda se realizó entre los años 2018 al 2022. Se usaron descriptores, palabras claves y ecuaciones de búsquedas. Resultados: Se encontraron 363 artículos y se seleccionaron los que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión, quedando un total de 7 artículos seleccionados, en los que se encontraron aspectos importantes sobre las dificultades existentes en el trabajo metodológico interdisciplinario entre las disciplinas Bases Biológicas y Principal Integradora en la carrera medicina. Conclusiones: existen problemas en lograr la integración interdisciplinar entre las disciplinas Bases Biológicas y Principal Integradora de la carrera de medicina. Todo esto incrementa la necesidad de crear un conjunto de acciones para fortalecer el trabajo metodológico interdisciplinario entre las asignaturas estudiadas, en función de formar un estudiante integral.

Introduction: Interdisciplinary work seeks to break down existing barriers between the various disciplines, so that they can interact with each other, in a regulated manner, under guidelines, methodologies and procedures in order to achieve a purpose. The objective of the study was to systematize scientific evidence on interdisciplinary methodological work in the Medical Career. Material and methods: A systematic review was carried out using the Regional Virtual Health Library (VHL) and the Google Scholar search engine as sources of information. The search was carried out between the years 2018 and 2022. Descriptors, keywords, and search equations were used. Results: A total of 363 articles were found and those that met the inclusion criteria were selected, leaving a total of 7 articles selected, in which important aspects of the existing difficulties in interdisciplinary methodological work between the Biological Bases and Main Integrative disciplines were found in the medical career. Conclusions: There are problems in achieving interdisciplinary integration between the Biological Bases and the Main Integrative disciplines of the medical career. All this increases the need to create a set of actions to strengthen the interdisciplinary methodological work between the subjects studied, in order to form a well-rounded student.

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A prática interdisciplinar tem o potencial de contribuir para a superação de uma visão fragmentária em saúde, encontrando potencialidade de desenvolvimento na formação da residência multiprofissional em saúde. Assim, objetivou-se reconhecer as vertentes da interdisciplinaridade na residência multiprofissional em saúde com lócus na atenção primária sob a ótica dos campos de operacionalização. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, que contemplou as perspectivas de 13 profissionais envolvidos no processo organizacional e pedagógico dos programas de residência multiprofissional em saúde do estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil. Os dados foram organizados conforme proposta da análise de conteúdo. Quatro categorias analíticas foram estruturadas, condizentes com as finalidades da interdisciplinaridade: científica, escolar, profissional e prática. Reconheceu-se a presença transversal de todas as finalidades da interdisciplinaridade nessa modalidade de formação. No entanto, identificou-se uma maior valorização da finalidade escolar, embricada no processo formativo baseado em competências estruturadas na articulação de conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes. Ao passo, a finalidade científica demonstrou-se menos perceptível no conteúdo analisado, implicando na menor proposição e incentivo dos programas de residência a essa prática. Destarte, suscitam-se reflexões relevantes à saúde coletiva ao enfatizar a interdisciplinaridade como possibilidade para a formação efetiva em saúde.

Interdisciplinary practice has the potential to contribute to overcoming a fragmented view of health, finding potential for development in the formation of multidisciplinary residency in health. Thus, the objective was to recognize the purposes of interdisciplinarity in multiprofessional residency in health with a locus in primary care from the perspective of operational fields. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, which included the perspectives of 13 professionals involved in the organizational and pedagogical process of multidisciplinary residency programs in health in the state of Ceará, Northeastern Brazil. Data were organized according to the content analysis proposal. Four analytical categories were structured, consistent with the purposes of interdisciplinarity: scientific, academic, professional and practical. The transversal presence of all the purposes of interdisciplinarity in this training modality was recognized. However, a greater appreciation of the school purpose was identified, embedded in the training process based on structured competences in the articulation of knowledge, skills and attitudes. At the same time, the scientific purpose proved to be less noticeable in the analyzed content, implying a lower proposition and encouragement of residency programs to this practice. Thus, reflections relevant to collective health are raised by emphasizing interdisciplinarity as a possibility for effective training in health.

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BACKGROUND: Rapid demographic, epidemiological, technological, cultural/behavioural, and educational transitions, as they become more complex, demand new integrated and complementary professional skills and abilities. Interprofessional Education (IPE) is a promising alternative to deal with these changes, especially in courses in the health area. This systematic review was to explore the potentialities and limitations of IPE, from the perspective of undergraduate students, through a thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. METHODS: A thematic synthesis of qualitative studies was conducted. The question elaborated for this review was: "What is the impact of interprofessional education on the teaching and learning of students in the health area inserted in Higher Education Institutions?". The search strategy was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Cochrane Library, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). In addition, searches were carried out in grey literature on the ERIC platforms, ProQuest Disserts and Theses, and Academic Google. The assessment of the quality of the studies was carried out using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Data were summarized through thematic synthesis. From the databases, 8,793 studies were identified. After standardized filters procedures, critical summaries, and assessment of relevance to the eligibility criteria, 14 articles were included. RESULTS: The synthesis of the studies revealed the potential of this teaching approach, arranged in three analytical themes: learning from each other and about them; the value of education and interprofessional practice; patient-centred health care. On the other hand, some limitations were also identified, such as barriers related to EIP; the difficulties related to teaching methodologies. CONCLUSION: Overcoming the identified limitations can enhance the results of the IPE, in view of its impact on the education of students and on the health care of the population.

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Introducción. La distocia de hombros es una complicación del parto vaginal que se produce por dificultad en el parto de los hombros fetales. Puede desencadenarse en forma impredecible e imprevista, por lo que debería ser considerada como riesgo potencial de todo nacimiento. La mayoría de las recomendaciones sobre las maniobras de resolución de distocia de hombros lo hacen desde la posición de litotomía y sin considerar los movimientos intrínsecos de la pelvis durante el parto. Objetivos. Analizar las maniobras de resolución de distocia de hombros a partir del conocimiento de la biomecánica de la pelvis y su relación con los hombros fetales, teniendo en cuenta las diferentes posiciones de parto. Métodos. Revisión bibliográfica no sistematizada. Resultados. Ante la distocia del hombro anterior, si la gestante se encuentra en litotomía podría recomendarse la maniobra de McRoberts con presión suprapúbica seguida de la extracción del brazo posterior. Si la gestante se encuentra en posición vertical, se sugiere pasar a posición de cuatro apoyos y una variante original resultado del análisis de los movimientos de la pelvis llamada 'cuatro apoyos en asimetría'. Esta puede ser realizada desde cualquier posición, no es invasiva y requiere un mínimo de entrenamiento. Conclusiones. La resolución de distocia de hombros no posee un único algoritmo; dependerá del tipo de distocia, la posición de la gestante, el contexto y la mayor o menor habilidad de una maniobra sobre otra. La postura de Gaskin y cuatro apoyos en asimetría debería ser tenida en cuenta antes de realizar maniobras internas para la resolución de la distocia de hombros.

Introduction: Shoulder dystocia is a complication of vaginal delivery caused by a difficulty in delivering the fetal shoulders. It can be triggered in an unpredictable and unplanned manner, so it should be considered as a potential risk for every vaginal birth. Most of the recommendations on shoulder dystocia resolution maneuvers are made from the lithotomy position and without considering the intrinsic movements of the pelvis during labor. Objectives : To analyze the maneuvers for resolving shoulder dystocia based on knowledge of the biomechanics of the pelvis and its relationship with the fetal shoulders, considering the different birthing positions. Methods: Non-systematized bibliographic review. Results : In the case of anterior shoulder dystocia, the McRoberts maneuver with suprapubic pressure followed by extraction of the posterior arm could be recommended for a birthing woman in lithotomy position. If the birthing woman is in an upright position, it is suggested to move to the four-support position and an original variant resulting from the analysis of the biomechanics of the pelvis called 'four-lying in asymmetry'. These maneuvers are non-invasive techniques, require minimal training and resources, and can be performed from any childbirth position. Conclusions : The resolution of shoulder dystocia does not have a single algorithm; it will depend on the type of dystocia, the position of the birthing woman, the context, and the greater or lesser ability of one maneuver over another. Gaskin maneuver and four supports in asymmetry should be considered before performing internal maneuvers for the resolution of shoulder dystocia.

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RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar os mapeamentos de retina realizados em interconsultas oftalmológicas, analisando as prevalências de alterações encontradas e comparando-as com o motivo da interconsulta. Métodos Estudo transversal, com dados encontrados durante exame de mapeamento de retina de pacientes internados ou em atendimento no pronto-socorro. Os dados analisados de cada paciente foram idade, sexo, especialidade médica solicitante, motivo da interconsulta e achados do exame fundoscópico. Resultados Foram avaliados 104 pacientes, com prevalência de alterações ao exame em 43,27%. Os motivos mais frequentes de solicitação de avaliação oftalmológica foram trauma (16,35%) e alterações neurológicas (15,38%). O achado com maior prevalência foi o edema de papila, presente em 17,3% das avaliações gerais. Outros achados muito prevalentes foram as retinopatias diabética e hipertensiva, ambas com 11,53% na avaliação geral, mas com 83,3% e 53,84% de prevalência nos pacientes cujos motivos da consulta foram diabetes mellitus descompensada e crise hipertensiva, respectivamente. Conclusão O edema de papila e as retinopatias diabética e hipertensiva foram as alterações mais prevalentes, o que demonstra a importância do atendimento multidisciplinar sempre que possível, com maior atenção aos pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the indirect ophthalmoscopy performed in ophthalmologic consultations, analyzing the prevalence of the study and comparing them with the reason for the consultation. Methods Cross-sectional study, with data found during the indirect ophthalmoscopy exam of inpatients or in emergency room care. The data analyzed for each patient was sex, the requested medical age, the reason for the consultation and the funduscopic examination findings. Results One hundred and four patients were evaluated and 43.27% of patients with a prevalence of changes in the exam. The most requested reasons for requesting ophthalmologic evaluation were trauma (16.35%) and neurological alterations (15.38%). The most prevalent finding was papillary edema, representing 17.3% of the general estimates. Other very prevalent findings were diabetic and hypertensive retinopathies, both with 11.53% in the general assessment, but with 83.3% and 53.84% prevalence in patients whose reasons for consultation were decompensated DM and hypertensive crisis, respectively. Conclusions Papillary edema and diabetic and hypertensive retinopathies were the most prevalent alterations, which demonstrates the importance of multidisciplinary care whenever possible, with greater attention to hypertensive and diabetic patients.

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Objetivando compreender a interconsulta entre médicos e enfermeiros na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), empreendeu-se um estudo exploratório e descritivo, qualitativo, com a técnica de grupo focal, analisado à luz do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Participaram quatro enfermeiras e três médicos, cujos discursos sobre sua compreensão da interconsulta e seus formatos originaram quatro ideias centrais: 1. a interconsulta é um trabalho integrado e complementar entre categorias, protagonizado por quem iniciou o atendimento, baseado na comunicação e buscando a integralidade; 2. seu formato depende da segurança dos profissionais, do tempo trabalhando juntos, do ambiente e da demanda do paciente; 3. é importante manter o protagonismo da Enfermagem, rompendo com a lógica centrada no médico; e 4. o modelo "ping-pong" de interconsulta não é funcional. Revelou-se a interconsulta como dispositivo de cuidado bem-sucedido, desafiando a lógica centrada no médico pela atuação integrada e complementar de médicos e enfermeiros da APS.(AU)

With the aim of understanding doctor-nurse interconsultation in primary health care, we conducted a descriptive exploratory qualitative study using focus groups. The data were analyzed using collective subject discourse. Four nurses and three doctors participated in the study, whose discourses on their understanding of interconsultation and its different formats gave rise to four central ideas: interconsultation is integrated and complementary across professions, instigated by the person who began the appointment, communication-based and seeks to promote comprehensiveness; format depends on professional confidence, length of time working together, the environment and patient demands; it is important to maintain nurse protagonism, breaking with doctor-centered logic; the "ping-pong" interconsultation model does not work. The findings reveal that interconsultation is a successful care tool that challenges doctor-centered logic by promoting integrated and complementary working between doctors and nurses.(AU)

Con el objetivo de comprender la interconsulta entre médicos y enfermeros en la Atención Primaria de la Salud (APS), se realizó un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo, cualitativo, con la técnica de grupo focal, analizado a la luz del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Participaron cuatro enfermeras y tres médicos, cuyos discursos sobre su comprensión de la interconsulta y sus formatos originaron cuatro Ideas Centrales: la interconsulta es un trabajo integrado y complementario entre categorías, protagonizado por quien comenzó la atención, con base en la comunicación y buscando la integralidad; su formato depende de la seguridad de los profesionales, del tiempo trabajando juntos, del ambiente y de la demanda del paciente; es importante mantener el protagonismo de la enfermería, rompiendo con la lógica médico-centrada; el modelo "ping-pong" de interconsulta no es funcional. La interconsulta se reveló como un dispositivo de cuidado exitoso, desafiando la lógica médico-centrada por la actuación integrada y complementaria de médicos y enfermeros de la APS.(AU)

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INTRODUCTION: Interprofessional education (IPE) offers relevant theoretical, conceptual and methodological approaches to the development of effective teamwork competencies. OBJECTIVE: To analyse an interprofessional experience of teaching-service-community integration carried out at a public university in the South of Brazil. METHODS: A case study with a qualitative approach was carried out. The study's participants were thirty-eight undergraduate dental students who attended the IPE activity between 2012 and 2019. Data collection was developed in two sequential steps that included the application of an online instrument and semi-structured interviews. The textual material was interpreted by content analysis, considering Kirkpatrick's evaluation levels (reaction, learning and behaviour). RESULTS: In the reaction level, students highlighted the contents provided by the National Curricular Guidelines regarding public health system and teamwork, as well as the pedagogical teaching proposal by tutoring groups, which stimulated students' autonomy. It was observed that the learning was geared towards the development of collaborative teamwork competencies and cultural competencies. In the behaviour level, students perceived positive changes in their attitudes and behaviours towards patients, focused on needs related to life conditions, realising that dentists may work within a team. The elective/optional nature of the experience allied with the absence of other IPE activities in the curricular grid showed to be challenging. CONCLUSION: IPE in undergraduate education presented positive results related to the reaction, learning and behaviour of dental students. We recommend the inclusion of interprofessional activities of teaching-service-community integration in Dentistry curricular structure to complement uniprofessional education.

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INTRODUCTION: MAP is associated with severe morbidity and maternal mortality. Therefore, it requires that patients with this condition to be attended in centers that have trained personnel and specific infrastructure. We aimed to identify the hospitals in Colombia that count on the minimum amount of medical specialties to manage this pathological condition and describe their general care practices. METHODOLOGY: Observational study in 87 obstetric tertiary care centers in Colombia. The requested information was collected using a predesigned survey, applied to the reported hospitals, and stored in an electronic database. RESULTS: Eighty-six hospitals were identified as possessing the capacity to care for women with accreta, of which 71 provided information (82.55% compliance). Although 83.09% of hospitals choose to treat patients with accreta, only 36.6% has a fixed group of specialists, 32.21% did not have interventional radiology, 25.36% did not have a blood bank, and 67.79% did not have intraoperative cell recovery devices; 77.46% of the surveyed hospitals had cared for five or fewer patients with accreta per year. CONCLUSION: Most hospitals manage a low number of MAP cases per year, which are handled by shift specialists and not by a fixed group of professionals, which increases the difficulty of achieving expertise.

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Abstract: Introduction: The discussion about the curriculum of health area courses becomes relevant for the proposal of educational strategies that promote the development of collaborative skills. This situation will enable a change in the culture of health care, especially for the demands of the older adults. Objective: To assess the collaborative skills acquired by undergraduate students attending the Gerontology discipline. Method: This is a qualitative study, carried out with students from the Nursing, Medicine, and Nutrition courses of a public university, who took an optional course with an interprofessional focus in 2019. Data collection included the conduction of a focus group and the application of a semi structured interview. The data were analyzed using the Content Analysis technique. Results: Nine students were evaluated, and they reported the development of collaborative skills, such as teamwork, effective communication, and the planning of comprehensive care for the older adults. Conclusion: The individualized expressions of the students participating in this study make us believe that interprofessional learning qualifies as an opportunity to develop collaborative skills.

Resumo: Introdução: A discussão sobre a grade curricular dos cursos da área da saúde torna-se relevante para a proposição de estratégias de ensino que promovam o desenvolvimento de habilidades colaborativas. Tal condição possibilitará uma mudança na cultura de atenção à saúde, principalmente, para as demandas da pessoa idosa. Objetivo: Avaliar as competências colaborativas adquiridas por graduandos em uma disciplina de gerontologia. Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado com estudantes dos cursos de Enfermagem, Medicina e Nutrição de uma universidade pública, que cursaram uma disciplina optativa com enfoque interprofissional, em 2019. A coleta de dados incluiu a realização de um grupo focal e a aplicação de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: Nove alunos avaliados relataram o desenvolvimento de competências colaborativas, como trabalho em equipe, comunicação eficiente e planejamento de cuidado integral à pessoa idosa. Conclusão: As expressões individualizadas dos alunos participantes deste estudo nos fazem acreditar que a aprendizagem interprofissional se qualifica como uma oportunidade para desenvolver as competências colaborativas.

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ABSTRACT Objective: the recommendations of the decisions made by the Tumor Board (TB) should be followed to identify barriers that may interfere with the execution of the previously decided, best care for the patient. The aim of this study is to assess whether the TB conduct decision was performed in patients with pancreatic tumors, their life status 90 days after the TB decision, and to analyze the reasons why the conduct was not performed. Methods: we conducted a retrospective study with patients with pancreas tumors, evaluated between 2017 and 2019. We collected data on epidemiological status, whether the TB procedure was performed, the reason for not performing it, life status 90 days after the TB decision, and how many times each patient was discussed at a meeting. We compared categorical variables using the chi square test, numerical variables were presented as means and standard deviation. Results: we studied 111 session cases, in 95 patients, 86 (90.5%) diagnosed with cancer. After 90 days of TB, 83 patients (87.37%) remained alive, 9 had (9.47%) died, and 3 (3.16%) were lost to follow-up. The TB decision was not observed in 12 (10.8%) cases and the reasons were: 25% (3) for loss of follow-up, 8.33% (1) for patient refusal, and 66.67% (8) due to clinical worsening. The cases of patients with metastases had a lower rate of TB conduct compliance (p=0.006). Conclusions: the TB conduct was performed in most cases and the most evident reason for non-compliance with the conducts is the patient's clinical worsening.

RESUMO Objetivo: as recomendações das decisões em Tumor Board (TB) deveriam ser acompanhadas para identificar barreiras que possam interferir na execução do melhor cuidado para o paciente decidido previamente. O objetivo do estudo é avaliar se a decisão de conduta em TB foi realizada em pacientes com tumores pancreáticos, o status de vida 90 dias após TB e analisar os motivos pelos quais a conduta não foi realizada. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo com pacientes com tumores de pâncreas, avaliados entre 2017 a 2019. Dados epidemiológicos, se a conduta de TB foi realizada, o motivo da não realização, o status de vida em 90 dias após decisão de TB e quantas vezes cada paciente foi discutido em reunião foram coletados. As variáveis categóricas foram comparadas pelo teste de qui-quadrado; variáveis numéricas foram apresentadas como médias e desvio padrão. Resultados: 111 casos, 95 pacientes, 86 (90,5%) com diagnóstico de câncer. Após 90 dias de TB, 83 pacientes (87,37%) permaneceram vivos, 9 pacientes (9,47%) faleceram e 3 (3,16%) perderam o seguimento. A conduta do TB não foi realizada em 12 (10,8%) dos casos e os motivos foram: 25% (3) por perda de seguimento, 8,33% (1) por recusa do paciente e 66,67% (8) devido à piora clínica. Os casos de pacientes com metástases tiveram menor execução de conduta de TB (p=0,006). Conclusões: a conduta do TB é realizada na maior parte dos casos e o motivo mais evidente para o não cumprimento das condutas é a piora clínica do paciente.