RESUMO
Legumes are abundant sources of proteins, and white common bean proteins play an important role in air-water interface properties. This study aims to investigate the technical-functional properties of white common bean protein isolate (BPI) as a function of pH, protein concentration, and guar gum (GG) presence. BPI physicochemical properties were analyzed in terms of solubility, zeta potential, and mean particle diameter at pH ranging from 2 to 9, in addition to water-holding capacity (WHC), oil-holding capacity (OHC), and thermogravimetric analysis. Protein dispersions were evaluated in terms of dynamic, interfacial, and foam-forming properties. BPI showed higher solubility (>80 %) at pH 2 and above 7. Zeta potential and mean diameter ranged from 15.43 to -34.08 mV and from 129.55 to 139.90 nm, respectively. BPI exhibited WHC and OHC of 1.37 and 4.97 g/g, respectively. Thermograms indicated decomposition temperature (295.81 °C) and mass loss (64.73 %). Flow curves indicated pseudoplastic behavior, with higher η100 values observed in treatments containing guar gum. The behavior was predominantly viscous (tg δ > 1) at lower frequencies, at all pH levels, shifting to predominantly elastic at higher frequencies. Equilibrium surface tension (γeq) ranged from 43.87 to 41.95 mN.m-1 and did not decrease with increasing protein concentration under all pH conditions. All treatments exhibited Ï < 15°, indicating predominantly elastic surface films. Foaming properties were influenced by higher protein concentration and guar gum addition, and the potential formation of protein-polysaccharide complexes favored the kinetic stability of the system.
Assuntos
Galactanos , Mananas , Phaseolus , Gomas Vegetais , Proteínas de Plantas , Solubilidade , Propriedades de Superfície , Gomas Vegetais/química , Galactanos/química , Mananas/química , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Phaseolus/química , Tamanho da Partícula , Água/químicaRESUMO
Using green techniques to convert native starches into nanoparticles is an interesting approach to producing stabilizers for Pickering emulsions, aiming at highly stable emulsions in clean label products. Nanoprecipitation was used to prepare the Pickering starch nanoparticles, while ultrasound technique has been used to modulate the size of these nanoparticles at the same time as the emulsion was developed. Thus, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the stabilizing effect of cassava starch nanoparticles (SNP) produced by the nanoprecipitation technique combined with ultrasound treatment carried out in the presence of water and oil (more hydrophobic physicochemical environment), different from previous studies that carry out the mechanical treatment only in the presence of water. The results showed that the increased ultrasound energy input could reduce particle size (117.58 to 55.75â¯nm) and polydispersity (0.958 to 0.547) in aqueous dispersions. Subsequently, Pickering emulsions stabilized by SNPs showed that increasing emulsification (ultrasonication) time led to smaller droplet sizes and monomodal size distribution. Despite flocculation, long-term ultrasonication (6 and 9â¯min) caused little variation in the droplet size after 7â¯days of storage. The cavitation effects favored the interaction between oil droplets through weak attraction forces and particle sharing, favoring the Pickering stabilization against droplet coalescence. Our results show the potential to use only physical modifications to obtain nanoparticles that can produce coalescence-stable emulsions that are environmentally friendly.
Assuntos
Emulsões , Manihot , Nanopartículas , Tamanho da Partícula , Amido , Manihot/química , Amido/química , Emulsões/química , Nanopartículas/química , Água/química , Sonicação/métodos , FloculaçãoRESUMO
This study reports on the modification of bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes produced by static fermentation of Komagataeibacter xylinus bacterial strains with graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles (GO-Ag) to yield skin wound dressings with improved antibacterial properties. The GO-Ag sheets were synthesized through chemical reduction with sodium citrate and were utilized to functionalize the BC membranes (BC/GO-Ag). The BC/GO-Ag composites were characterized to determine their surface charge, morphology, exudate absorption, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity by using fibroblast cells. The antimicrobial activity of the wound dressings was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results indicate that the BC/GO-Ag dressings can inhibit â¼70% of E. coli cells. Our findings also revealed that the porous BC/GO-Ag antimicrobial dressings can efficiently retain 94% of exudate absorption after exposure to simulated body fluid (SBF) for 24 h. These results suggest that the dressings could absorb excess exudate from the wound during clinical application, maintaining adequate moisture, and promoting the proliferation of epithelial cells. The BC/GO-Ag hybrid materials exhibited excellent mechanical flexibility and low cytotoxicity to fibroblast cells, making excellent wound dressings able to control bacterial infectious processes and promote the fast healing of dermal lesions.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Celulose , Escherichia coli , Grafite , Teste de Materiais , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Prata , Staphylococcus aureus , Cicatrização , Grafite/química , Grafite/farmacologia , Prata/química , Prata/farmacologia , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Celulose/química , Celulose/farmacologia , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Tamanho da Partícula , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Gluconacetobacter xylinus/química , Humanos , Camundongos , Bandagens , AnimaisRESUMO
Safety and effectiveness are the cornerstone objectives of nanomedicine in developing nanotherapies. It is crucial to understand the biological interactions between nanoparticles and immune cells. This study focuses on the manufacture by the microfluidic technique of N-trimethyl chitosan/protein nanocarriers and their interaction with J774 cells to elucidate the cellular processes involved in absorption and their impact on the immune system, mainly through endocytosis, activation of lysosomes and intracellular degradation. TEM of the manufactured nanoparticles showed spherical morphology with an average diameter ranging from 36 ± 16 nm to 179 ± 92 nm, depending on the concentration of the cargo protein (0, 12, 55 µg/mL). FTIR showed the crosslinking between N-trimethyl chitosan and the sodium tripolyphosphate and the α-helix binding loss of BSA. TGA revealed an increase in the thermal stability of N-trimethyl chitosan/protein nanoparticles compared with the powder. The encapsulation of the cargo protein used was demonstrated using XPS. Their potential to improve cell permeability and use as nanocarriers in future vaccine formulations was demonstrated. The toxicity of the nanoparticles in HaCaT and J774 cells was studied, as well as the importance of evaluating the differentiation status of J774 cells. Thus, possible endocytosis pathways and their impact on the immune response were discussed. This allowed us to conclude that N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles show potential as carriers for the immune system. Still, more studies are required to understand their effectiveness and possible use in therapies.
Assuntos
Quitosana , Endocitose , Lisossomos , Nanopartículas , Quitosana/química , Lisossomos/metabolismo , Endocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas/química , Animais , Camundongos , Linhagem Celular , Humanos , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Tamanho da Partícula , Soroalbumina Bovina/química , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Aim: Benznidazole (BNZ), a class-II drug, is the primary treatment for Chagas disease, but its low aqueous solubility presents challenges in formulation and efficacy. Nanosuspensions (NS) could potentially address these issues.Methods: BNZ-NS were prepared using a simple, organic solvents-free nano-milling approach. Physicochemical characterizations were conducted on both NS and lyophilized solid-state BNZ-nanocrystals (NC).Results: BNZ-NS exhibited particle size <500 nm, an acceptable polydispersity index (0.23), high Z-potential, and physical stability for at least 90 days. BNZ-NC showed tenfold higher solubility than pure BNZ. Dissolution assays revealed rapid BNZ-NS dissolution. BNZ-NC demonstrated biocompatibility on an eukaryotic cell and enhanced BNZ efficacy against trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi.Conclusion: BNZ-NS offers a promising alternative, overcoming limitations associated with BNZ for optimized pharmacotherapy.
[Box: see text].
Assuntos
Doença de Chagas , Nanopartículas , Nitroimidazóis , Tamanho da Partícula , Solubilidade , Tripanossomicidas , Trypanosoma cruzi , Nitroimidazóis/química , Nitroimidazóis/administração & dosagem , Doença de Chagas/tratamento farmacológico , Trypanosoma cruzi/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas/química , Tripanossomicidas/administração & dosagem , Tripanossomicidas/química , Tripanossomicidas/farmacologia , Animais , Humanos , Suspensões , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Química Farmacêutica/métodos , Solventes/química , LiofilizaçãoRESUMO
Among external stimuli-responsive therapy approaches, those using near infrared (NIR) light irradiation have attracted significant attention to treat bone-related diseases and bone tissue regeneration. Therefore, the development of metallic biomaterials sensitive to NIR stimuli is an important area of research in orthopaedics. In this study, we have generated in situ prism-shaped silver nanoparticles (p-AgNPs) in a biomorphic nano-holed TiO2 coating on a Ti6Al4V alloy (a-Ti6Al4V). Insertion of p-AgNPs does not disturb the periodically arranged sub-wavelength-sized unit cell on the a-Ti6Al4V dielectric structure, while they exacerbate its peculiar optical response, which results in a higher NIR reflectivity and high efficiency of NIR photothermal energy conversion suitable to bacterial annihilation. Together, these results open a promising path toward strategic bone therapeutic procedures, providing novel insights into precision medicine.
Assuntos
Ligas , Antibacterianos , Raios Infravermelhos , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Prata , Propriedades de Superfície , Titânio , Titânio/química , Titânio/farmacologia , Ligas/química , Ligas/farmacologia , Prata/química , Prata/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Tamanho da PartículaRESUMO
In disease treatment, maintaining therapeutic drug concentrations often requires multiple doses. Lipid/polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) offer a promising solution by facilitating sustained drug delivery within therapeutic ranges. Here, we synthesized poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles coated with soy lecithin using nanoprecipitation and self-assembly techniques. These nanoparticles were incorporated into gelatin aerogels to ensure uniform distribution and increase the concentration. Our study focused on understanding the release kinetics of hydrophilic (gallic acid) and lipophilic (quercetin) compounds from this system. Nanoparticles exhibited hydrodynamic diameters of 100 ± 15 nm (empty), 153 ± 33 nm (gallic acid-loaded), and 149 ± 21 nm (quercetin-loaded), with encapsulation efficiencies of 90 ± 5% and 70 ± 10% respectively. Gallic acid release followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics model (n = 1.01), while quercetin showed first-order kinetics. Notably, encapsulated compounds demonstrated delayed release compared to free compounds in gelatin aerogels, illustrating LPHNPs' ability to modulate release profiles independent of the compound type. This study underscores the potential of LPHNPs in optimizing drug delivery strategies for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Assuntos
Ácido Gálico , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Nanopartículas , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico e Ácido Poliglicólico , Quercetina , Quercetina/química , Nanopartículas/química , Ácido Gálico/química , Cinética , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico e Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Lecitinas/química , Gelatina/química , Ácido Láctico/química , Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Liberação Controlada de Fármacos , Lipídeos/química , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Tamanho da PartículaRESUMO
Despite the promising potential of Solanum plant glycoalkaloids in combating skin cancer, their clinical trials have been halted due to dose-dependent toxicity and poor water solubility. In this study, we present a rational approach to address these limitations and ensure colloidal stability of the nanoformulation over time by designing solid lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPH). Leveraging the biocompatible and cationic properties of polyaspartamides, we employed a new polyaspartamide derivative (P1) as a raw material for this class of nanostructures. Subsequently, we prepared SLPH through a one-step process involving hot-melt emulsification followed by ultrasonication. The physicochemical properties of the SLPH were thoroughly characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), ζ-potential analysis, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optimized formulation exhibited long-term stability over six months under low temperatures, maintaining a particle size around 200â¯nm, a polydispersity index (PdI) lower than 0.2, and a ζ-potential between +35-40â¯mV. Furthermore, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of the SLPH against human cutaneous melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28) compared to human foreskin fibroblast cells (HFF-1). Encapsulation of glycoalkaloids into the nanoparticles (SLPH-GE) resulted in a two-fold greater selective cytotoxic profile for melanoma cells than glycoalkaloids-free (GE). The nanoparticles disrupted the stratum corneum barrier with a penetration depth of approximately 77 µm. These findings underscore the potential of the developed nanosystem as an effective glycoalkaloid carrier with suitable colloidal and biological properties for further studies in topical treatment strategies for cutaneous melanoma.
Assuntos
Lipídeos , Melanoma , Nanopartículas , Polímeros , Humanos , Nanopartículas/química , Lipídeos/química , Melanoma/tratamento farmacológico , Melanoma/patologia , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/farmacologia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Tamanho da Partícula , Alcaloides/química , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Administração Tópica , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
Vitamin D3(cholecalciferol)plays a crucial role in various physiological processes. However, vitamin D3 deficiency is a major public health problem affecting millions of people. Therefore, it is important to develop effective strategies that ensure the protection and stability of this important vitamin for food supplementation and fortification. This work aimed to impregnate intact and plasmolyzedSaccharomyces pastorianus brewer's yeast biomass with cholecalciferol using a biosorption process followed by spray drying to characterize the obtained material in terms of morphology, average particle size, zeta potential, moisture, water activity, FT-IR, and the stability of the encapsulated vitamin during the drying and storage process. Plasmolysis proved to be an effective method for improving the biosorption efficiency, retention during spray drying, and stability of vitamin D3. In addition, this process promoted an increase in cell size, which favored the dispersion stability of the system, as evidenced by the zeta potential values. These results contribute to the understanding of a new method for delivering this vitamin that conforms to environmentally conscious practices.
Assuntos
Biomassa , Colecalciferol , Tamanho da Partícula , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Secagem por Atomização , Dessecação/métodosRESUMO
(1) Introduction: Curcumin and Lippia origanoides essential oils have a broad spectrum of biological activities; however, their physicochemical instability, low solubility, and high volatility limit their therapeutic use. Encapsulation in liposomes has been reported as a feasible approach to increase the physicochemical stability of active substances, protect them from interactions with the environment, modulate their release, reduce their volatility, improve their bioactivity, and reduce their toxicity. To date, there are no reports on the co-encapsulation of curcumin and Lippia origanoides essential oils in liposomes. Therefore, the objective of this work is to prepare and physiochemical characterize liposomes loaded with the mixture of these compounds and to evaluate different in vitro biological activities. (2) Methods: Liposomes were produced using the thin-layer method and physiochemical characteristics were calculated. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of both encapsulated and non-encapsulated compounds were evaluated. (3) Results: Empty and loaded nanometric-sized liposomes were obtained that are monodisperse and have a negative zeta potential. They inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and did not exhibit cytotoxic activity against mammalian cells. (4) Conclusions: Encapsulation in liposomes was demonstrated to be a promising strategy for natural compounds possessing antimicrobial activity.